這個比較難，主要難在考慮的問題太多，有好幾個還沒寫出來。有空再來改進。請高手指教！

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

__author__ = 'Fan Lijun'

Factor = (7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2, 1, 6, 3, 7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2)
Last = ("1", "0", "X", "9", "8", "7", "6", "5", "4", "3", "2")


def fun(num):
    sum = 0
    for i in range(len(num)-1):
        sum += (int(num[i])*Factor[i])
    fina = sum % 11
    if 0 <= fina <= 10:
        if Last[fina] == num[-1]:
            return num[-2]


def judgement(num):
    if len(num) != 18:
        return False
    elif num[0] == ('0' or 'X'):
        return False
    else:
        return True


if __name__ == '__main__':
    singe = 1
    while singe:
        number = input('請輸入你的身份證號碼：')
        if judgement(number):
            if fun(number):
                s = int(fun(number))
                if s % 2 == 0:
                    sex = '女性'
                else:
                    sex = '男性'
                print(f'這個身份證是合法身份證，性別為{sex}')
                singe -= 1
            else:
                print('這個身份證不合法，請重新輸入！')
        else:
            print('這個身份證不合法，請重新輸入！')