EIGRP重分發

阿新 • • 發佈：2018-12-05

EIGRP重分發

還是以剛才的拓撲圖作為例子，我們只在R1，R2，R3這三臺裝置上開啟了EIGRP協議，並沒有在R4上開啟，所以R1和R 2是無法ping通R4的，那麼我們如何將去往R4的路由通過rEIGRP告知R1和R2呢？
重分發拓撲圖
我們選取的思路是在R3上寫入一條通往R4的靜態路由，再在R4上寫入一條通往R3的靜態路由。再通過EIGRP告知全網，那麼具體實現如下：
一共有三種方式，方法一：
首先我們在R3上配置一條預設路由：

R3(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 f0/0
R3(config)#do show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static 
, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS 
 level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is 0.0.0.0 to network 0.0.0.0

     1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D       1.1.1.0 [90/435200] via 192.168.2.1, 00:08:41, FastEthernet0/1
     2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 
 subnets
D       2.2.2.0 [90/409600] via 192.168.2.1, 00:08:10, FastEthernet0/1
     3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
D    192.168.1.0/24 [90/307200] via 192.168.2.1, 00:08:41, FastEthernet0/1
C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
C    192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
S*   0.0.0.0/0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

可見，S*即為剛才新增的預設路由（S為靜態路由，帶*號的為預設路由）
同樣的方法在R4上配置預設路由（為了資料包返回）
R4(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 f 0/0
接下來就是如何將R3上的預設路由通過EIGRP宣告出去了
R3(config)#router eigrp 100 R3(config-router)#redistribute static下面我們在R1上檢視路由表

R1(config)#do show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is 192.168.1.2 to network 0.0.0.0

     1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
     2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D       2.2.2.0 [90/409600] via 192.168.1.2, 00:11:34, FastEthernet0/0
     3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D       3.3.3.0 [90/435200] via 192.168.1.2, 00:11:27, FastEthernet0/0
C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
D    192.168.2.0/24 [90/307200] via 192.168.1.2, 00:12:33, FastEthernet0/0
D    192.168.3.0/24 [90/332800] via 192.168.1.2, 00:12:05, FastEthernet0/0
D*EX 0.0.0.0/0 [170/332800] via 192.168.1.2, 00:00:30, FastEthernet0/0

我們看見多了一條標記為D*EX的路由，這裡D表示這條路由來自EIGRP，*表示為預設路由，EX代表是EIGRP轉發其他協議的路由。我們由R1pingR4的環回口試試網路是否連通：

R1#ping 4.4.4.4

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 4.4.4.4, timeout is 2 seconds:
..!!!
Success rate is 60 percent (3/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 56/66/76 ms

Ok！連通（前面兩個資料包沒有到達是因為RIP的原因）

方法二:
與方法一一樣，先在R3和R4上寫入預設路由，然後在R3上的操作略有區別：
R3(config)#router ei 100 R3(config-router)#no redistribute static R3(config-router)#network 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0no redistribute static這條命令是移除剛才方法一的重分發靜態路由的操作，然後我們直接將靜態路由的網路邊界通過network語句宣告出去，這下我們再來R1上檢視一下路由表看是否有變化：

R1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is 192.168.1.2 to network 0.0.0.0

     1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
     2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D       2.2.2.0 [90/409600] via 192.168.1.2, 00:16:55, FastEthernet0/0
     3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D       3.3.3.0 [90/435200] via 192.168.1.2, 00:16:48, FastEthernet0/0
C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
D    192.168.2.0/24 [90/307200] via 192.168.1.2, 00:17:54, FastEthernet0/0
D    192.168.3.0/24 [90/332800] via 192.168.1.2, 00:17:26, FastEthernet0/0
D*   0.0.0.0/0 [90/332800] via 192.168.1.2, 00:01:44, FastEthernet0/0

可見沒有了EX標記，因為這條路由是通過EIGRP宣告出來的，是屬於EIGRP協議內鄰居轉發來的路由，而不是重分發的靜態路由，所以沒喲EX標誌。我們再來嘗試一下R1pingR4：

R1#ping 4.4.4.4

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 4.4.4.4, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 32/55/76 ms

Ok！連通
方法三（思科官方推薦方法）
方法三為思科官方推薦做法，本方法配置預設路由的方法和剛剛略有區別，我們先來R3上配置預設路由：

R3(config)#no ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 f0/0
R3(config)#ip route 4.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 f0/0
R3(config)#do show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D       1.1.1.0 [90/435200] via 192.168.2.1, 00:23:47, FastEthernet0/1
     2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D       2.2.2.0 [90/409600] via 192.168.2.1, 00:23:17, FastEthernet0/1
     3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
S    4.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
D    192.168.1.0/24 [90/307200] via 192.168.2.1, 00:23:47, FastEthernet0/1
C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
C    192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R3(config)#ip default-network 4.0.0.0
R3(config)#do show ip route          
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D       1.1.1.0 [90/435200] via 192.168.2.1, 00:24:07, FastEthernet0/1
     2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D       2.2.2.0 [90/409600] via 192.168.2.1, 00:23:36, FastEthernet0/1
     3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
S*   4.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
D    192.168.1.0/24 [90/307200] via 192.168.2.1, 00:24:07, FastEthernet0/1
C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
C    192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R3(config)#router ei 100
R3(config-router)#net 4.0.0.0 0.255.255.255

我們為了和0.0.0.0（預設路由）區別，我們使用4.0.0.0來配置這個預設路由（R4的環回口4.4.4.4被包含在內），首先我們將4.0.0.0這條路由寫入為靜態，然後我們使用ip default-network命令來使它成為預設路由，之後我們再在EIGRP上通過network將其宣告出去
我們再在R1上檢視路由表，並且pingR4：

R1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is 192.168.1.2 to network 4.0.0.0

     1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
     2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D       2.2.2.0 [90/409600] via 192.168.1.2, 00:28:15, FastEthernet0/0
     3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D       3.3.3.0 [90/435200] via 192.168.1.2, 00:28:07, FastEthernet0/0
D*   4.0.0.0/8 [90/332800] via 192.168.1.2, 00:04:40, FastEthernet0/0
C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
D    192.168.2.0/24 [90/307200] via 192.168.1.2, 00:29:14, FastEthernet0/0
D    192.168.3.0/24 [90/332800] via 192.168.1.2, 00:28:46, FastEthernet0/0
R1#ping 4.4.4.4

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 4.4.4.4, timeout is 2 seconds:
.!!!!
Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 32/58/76 ms

接收到了這條路由並且可以聯通

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