poi 解析 excel
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-12-18
Apache POI 是用 Java 編寫的免費開源的跨平臺的 Java API，Apache POI提供API給Java程式對 Microsoft Office 格式檔案讀和寫的功能。
本文使用 springboot + mybatis + poi ，來介紹如何解析 excel 、並將 excel 內的資料新增到資料庫
一、編寫程式碼
1、新增依賴
因為 excel 分 2003 以前版本和 2007 以上版本，所以需要引入兩個 poi 依賴jar包，以對它們分別解析
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.dmeo</groupId> <artifactId>springbootpoi</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>springbootpoi</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>1.3.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!--poi對excel2007以上版本的支援--> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId> <version>3.17</version> </dependency> <!--poi對excel2003以下版本的支援--> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi</artifactId> <version>3.17</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
2、配置mybatis
由於本文重點是 poi 解析 excel ，這裡就不詳細談如何配置 mybatis，如果讀者不會這部分內容，可以參看博主的另一篇文章，springboot 整合 mybatis
mybatis 配置成功後、yml檔案如下
server: port: 9001 spring: datasource: url: jdbc:mysql://10.42.12.67:3306/orcl?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver username: root password: 123456 mybatis: mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*Mapper.xml config-location: classpath:mapper/config/sqlMapConfig.xml
3、資料庫建表
建表sql如下
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;
CREATE TABLE `user` (
`user_id` double DEFAULT NULL,
`user_name` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL,
`age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`user_addr` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;表格建立後如下
4、建立實體類
package com.demo.bean; public class User { private double userId; private String userName; private Integer age; private String userAddr; public double getUserId() { return userId; } public void setUserId(double userId) { this.userId = userId; } public String getUserName() { return userName; } public void setUserName(String userName) { this.userName = userName; } public Integer getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(Integer age) { this.age = age; } public String getUserAddr() { return userAddr; } public void setUserAddr(String userAddr) { this.userAddr = userAddr; } @Override public String toString() { return "User [userId=" + userId + ", userName=" + userName + ", age=" + age + ", userAddr=" + userAddr + "]"; } }
5、建立mapper介面層
package com.demo.mapper;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import com.demo.bean.User;
@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {
//批量將資料新增到資料庫
int insertForeach(List<User> list);
}
6、建立 mapper.xml 檔案
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.demo.mapper.UserMapper">
<insert id="insertForeach" parameterType="java.util.List" useGeneratedKeys="false">
insert into user ( user_id, user_name, age, user_addr) values
<foreach collection="list" item="item" index="index" separator=",">
(#{item.userId}, #{item.userName}, #{item.age}, #{item.userAddr})
</foreach>
</insert>
</mapper>
7、編寫上傳 excel 頁面
此處使用 freemarker 模板引擎
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>excel上傳解析</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/importExcel" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<input type="file" name="file" />
<input type="submit" value="EXCEL上傳" />
</form>
</body>
</html>8、建立 excel 值處理類
package com.demo.util;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
public class ExcelUtils {
/**
* excel值處理
* @param hssfCell
* @return
*/
public static Object getXSSFValue(XSSFCell hssfCell) {
if(hssfCell.getCellType() == XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC) {
return hssfCell.getNumericCellValue(); //數字
}else if(hssfCell.getCellType() == XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN) {
return hssfCell.getBooleanCellValue(); //boolean
}else if(hssfCell.getCellType() == XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR){
return hssfCell.getErrorCellValue(); //故障
}else if(hssfCell.getCellType() == XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA){
return hssfCell.getCellFormula(); //公式
}else if(hssfCell.getCellType() == XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK) {
return ""; //空值
}else {
return hssfCell.getStringCellValue(); //字串
}
}
/**
* excel值處理
* @param hssfCell
* @return
*/
public static Object getValue(Cell hssfCell) {
if(hssfCell.getCellType()==XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC) {
return hssfCell.getNumericCellValue(); //數字
}else if(hssfCell.getCellType()==XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN) {
return hssfCell.getBooleanCellValue(); //boolean
}else if(hssfCell.getCellType()==XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR){
return hssfCell.getErrorCellValue(); //故障
}else if(hssfCell.getCellType()==XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA){
return hssfCell.getCellFormula(); //公式
}else if(hssfCell.getCellType() == XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK) {
return ""; //空值
}else {
return hssfCell.getStringCellValue(); //字串
}
}
}
9、建立controller 及解析 excel 主要程式碼
具體註釋已經寫到程式碼中、相信讀者能夠看懂
package com.demo.controller;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.RedirectAttributes;
import com.demo.bean.User;
import com.demo.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.demo.util.ExcelUtils;
@Controller
public class ExcelController {
private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ExcelController.class);
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
@RequestMapping("/")
public ModelAndView index() {
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
mav.setViewName("index");
return mav;
}
@RequestMapping("/importExcel")
public ModelAndView importExcel(MultipartFile file) throws IOException {
String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename(); //獲得上傳的excel檔名
String fileSuffix = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf(".")+1); //獲取上傳的excel檔名字尾
List<User> list = null;
if("xlsx".equals(fileSuffix)) {
logger.info("excel2007及以上版本");
XSSFWorkbook xwb = new XSSFWorkbook(file.getInputStream()); //獲取excel工作簿
XSSFSheet xssfSheet = xwb.getSheetAt(0); //獲取excel的sheet
if(xssfSheet == null) {
return null;
}
list = new ArrayList<User>();
//迴圈獲取excel每一行
for(int rowNum = 1; rowNum < xssfSheet.getLastRowNum()+1; rowNum++) {
XSSFRow xssfRow = xssfSheet.getRow(rowNum);
if(xssfRow == null) {
continue;
}
User user = new User();
//迴圈獲取excel每一行的每一列
for(int cellNum = 0; cellNum < xssfRow.getLastCellNum(); cellNum++) {
XSSFCell xssCell = xssfRow.getCell(cellNum);
if(xssCell == null) {
continue;
}
if(cellNum == 0) {
user.setUserId((Double)ExcelUtils.getXSSFValue(xssCell));
}else if(cellNum == 1) {
user.setUserName((String)ExcelUtils.getXSSFValue(xssCell));
}else if(cellNum == 2) {
//Integer型別需要自行處理
String res = String.valueOf((Double)ExcelUtils.getXSSFValue(xssCell));
Integer.parseInt(res.substring(0, res.length()-2));
user.setAge(Integer.parseInt(res.substring(0, res.length()-2)));
}else if(cellNum == 3) {
user.setUserAddr((String)ExcelUtils.getXSSFValue(xssCell));
}
System.out.print(" "+ExcelUtils.getXSSFValue(xssCell));
}
list.add(user); //將excel每一行的資料封裝到user物件,並將user物件新增到list
System.out.println("");
}
}else if("xls".equals(fileSuffix)) {
logger.info("excel2003版本");
Workbook wb=new HSSFWorkbook(file.getInputStream()); //獲取excel工作簿
Sheet sheet=wb.getSheetAt(0); //獲取excel的sheet
if(sheet==null) {
return null;
}
list = new ArrayList<User>();
//迴圈獲取excel每一行
for(int rowNum=1;rowNum<sheet.getLastRowNum()+1;rowNum++) {
Row row=sheet.getRow(rowNum);
if(row==null) {
continue;
}
User user = new User();
//迴圈獲取excel每一行的每一列
for(int cellNum=0;cellNum<row.getLastCellNum();cellNum++) {
Cell cell=row.getCell(cellNum);
if(cell==null) {
continue;
}
if(cellNum==0) {
user.setUserId((Double)ExcelUtils.getValue(cell));
}else if(cellNum==1) {
user.setUserName((String)ExcelUtils.getValue(cell));
}else if(cellNum==2) {
//Integer型別需要自行處理
String res = String.valueOf((Double)ExcelUtils.getValue(cell));
Integer.parseInt(res.substring(0, res.length()-2));
user.setAge(Integer.parseInt(res.substring(0, res.length()-2)));
}else if(cellNum==3) {
user.setUserAddr((String)ExcelUtils.getValue(cell));
}
System.out.print(" "+ExcelUtils.getValue(cell));
}
list.add(user); //將excel每一行的資料封裝到user物件,並將user物件新增到list
System.out.println("");
}
}
//將list批量新增到資料庫
int count = userMapper.insertForeach(list);
System.out.println(count);
return null;
}
}
10、總結
經過以上9個步驟、專案結構如下
二、測試
excel xlsx 、xls 檔案分別如下
先上傳 紅樓夢人物.xls 檔案 ，效果如下
再上傳 西遊記.xlsx 檔案 ，效果如下
