[LeetCode] Ugly Number II 醜陋數之二
阿新 • • 發佈:2018-12-29
Write a program to find the n
-th ugly number.
Ugly numbers are positive numbers whose prime factors only include 2, 3, 5
. For example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12
is the sequence of the first 10
ugly numbers.
Note that 1
is typically treated as an ugly number.
Hint:
- The naive approach is to call
isUgly
- An ugly number must be multiplied by either 2, 3, or 5 from a smaller ugly number.
- The key is how to maintain the order of the ugly numbers. Try a similar approach of merging from three sorted lists: L1
- Assume you have Uk, the kth ugly number. Then Uk+1 must be Min(L1 * 2, L2 * 3, L3 * 5).
這道題是之前那道Ugly Number 醜陋數的延伸,這裡讓我們找到第n個醜陋數,還好題目中給了很多提示,基本上相當於告訴我們解法了,根據提示中的資訊,我們知道醜陋數序列可以拆分為下面3個子列表:
(1) 1x2, 2x2, 2x2, 3x2, 3x2, 4x2, 5x2... (2) 1x3, 1x3, 2x3, 2x3, 2x3, 3x3, 3x3... (3) 1x5, 1x5, 1x5, 1x5仔細觀察上述三個列表,我們可以發現每個子列表都是一個醜陋數分別乘以2,3,5,而要求的醜陋數就是從已經生成的序列中取出來的,我們每次都從三個列表中取出當前最小的那個加入序列,請參見程式碼如下:
class Solution { public: int nthUglyNumber(int n) { vector<int> res(1, 1); int i2 = 0, i3 = 0, i5 = 0; while (res.size() < n) { int m2 = res[i2] * 2, m3 = res[i3] * 3, m5 = res[i5] * 5; int mn = min(m2, min(m3, m5)); if (mn == m2) ++i2; if (mn == m3) ++i3; if (mn == m5) ++i5; res.push_back(mn); } return res.back(); } };