【Oracle XE系列之三】使用OMF方式手工建立Oracle XE資料庫
環境:win10_X64_Pro
1.建立資料庫例項,例項名為PF
C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\product\11.2.0\server\bin>oradim -new -sid PF例項已建立。
錯誤:dim-00014:無法開啟 Windows NT 服務控制管理器。OS-Error:(OS 5) 拒絕訪問。
處理辦法:以管理身份執行。
2.為了sys使用者可以連入資料庫執行操作,先建立資料庫的密碼檔案,密碼檔案的名稱必須為PWDsid.ora
C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\product\11.2.0\server\bin>orapwd password=oracle file=C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\product\11.2.0\server\database\PWDPF3.建立下列目錄,以存放資料檔案和dump資訊
#資料檔案目錄
C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\oradata\PF
#background dump目錄
C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\oradata\PF\bdump
#core dump目錄
C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\oradata\PF\cdump
#user dump目錄
C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\oradata\PF\udump
4.修改listener.ora為下列資訊,把此資料庫註冊在監聽器中(可選)在C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\product\11.2.0\server\network\ADMIN下
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\product\11.2.0\server)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
)
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = CLRExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\product\11.2.0\server)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = wanglifu)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
DEFAULT_SERVICE_LISTENER = (PF)
根據檔案新增
5.為了可以訪問資料庫,修改tnsnames.ora為下列資訊
在C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\product\11.2.0\server\network\ADMIN下
PF =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 127.0.0.1)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = PF)
)
)
EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SID = PLSExtProc)
(PRESENTATION = RO)
)
)
ORACLR_CONNECTION_DATA =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SID = CLRExtProc)
(PRESENTATION = RO)
)
)
6.建立pfile檔案C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\product\11.2.0\server\database\initPF.ora,檔案的內容如下:(注意檔名)
background_dump_dest='C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\oradata\PF\bdump'
compatible='11.2.0.1.0'
control_files='C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\oradata\PF\control01.ctl',C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\oradata\PF\control02.ctl'
core_dump_dest='C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\oradata\PF/cdump'
db_block_size=8192
db_name='PF'
db_recovery_file_dest='C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\fast_recovery_area'
db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
pga_aggregate_target=41943040
processes=150
remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
sga_max_size=167772160
sga_target=125829120
undo_management='AUTO'
undo_tablespace='undotbs1'
user_dump_dest='C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\oradata\PF/udump'
db_create_file_dest='C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\oradata\PF'
db_create_online_log_dest_1='C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\oradata\PF'
7.連入資料庫,並建立spfile檔案
C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\product\11.2.0\server\bin>set ORACLE_SID=PF
C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\product\11.2.0\server\bin>sqlplus.exe / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on 星期五 12月 18 11:17:05 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.
已連線到空閒例程。
SQL>create spfile from pfile;
檔案已建立。
8.啟動資料庫到nomount
SQL>startup nomount
ORA-32004: obsolete or deprecated parameter(s) specified for RDBMS instance
ORA-12853: insufficient memory for PX buffers: current 0K, max needed 0K
ORA-04031: unable to allocate 65560 bytes of shared memory ("large pool","unknown object","large pool","PX msg pool")
SQL>
9.建立並執行creata database檔案C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\admin\PF\Create\createdb.sql指令碼,具體內容如下:
create database PF
user sys identified by oracle
user system identified by oracle
default temporary tablespace temp
undo tablespace undotbs1
character set utf8
national character set al16utf16;
SQL>@C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\admin\PF\Create\createdb.sql
10.執行catalog.sql,建立資料庫的資料字典檢視
SQL>spool C:\oraclexe\catalog.log
SQL>@C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\product\11.2.0\server\RDBMS\ADMIN\catalog.sql
SQL>spool off
11.執行catproc.sql,建立執行PL/SQL程式所需的所有包
SQL>spool C:\oraclexe\catproc.log
SQL>@C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\product\11.2.0\server\RDBMS\ADMIN\catproc.sql
SQL>spool off
到此資料庫PF建立完畢,可以正常使用了。
需要注意的地方:
(1)在11g中,如果system01.dbf這個檔案用extent management local的話,必須建立一個temporary表空間。
(2)11g必須建立sysaux01.dbf這個檔案
(3)如果以上步驟出現錯誤,而錯誤提示為亂碼的話,可以退出SQLPLUS,然後設定環境變數set nls_lang=american_america.zhs16gbk(windows),然後再登入資料庫。
總結:建立過程中出現了很多的問題和報錯,出現報錯後檢視告警日誌alert_pf,本例中路徑是C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\oradata\PF\bdump,根據錯誤號可以google一下,能解決很多問題,具體出現的一些問題我會在日誌中記錄下來。