Example1 第一個quartz示例

public class HelloJob implements Job {
	
	private static Logger _log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloJob.class);

	public HelloJob() {
	}
	
	@Override
	public void execute(JobExecutionContext context)
			throws JobExecutionException {
		_log.info("Hello World! - " + new Date());
	}
}


public class SimpleExample {
	public void run() throws Exception {
		Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SimpleExample.class);
		
		log.info("------- Initializing ----------------------");
		
		SchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();
		Scheduler sched = sf.getScheduler();
		
		log.info("------- Initialization Complete -----------");
		
		// 下一個整分鐘
		Date runTime = DateBuilder.evenMinuteDate(new Date());
		
		log.info("------- Scheduling Job  -------------------");
		
		JobDetail job = JobBuilder.newJob(HelloJob.class).withIdentity("job1", "group").build();
		Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger1", "group1").startAt(runTime).build();
		sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
		
		log.info(job.getKey() + " will run at: " + runTime);
		
		sched.start();
		
		log.info("------- Started Scheduler -----------------");
		log.info("------- Waiting 65 seconds... -------------");
		
		try {
			Thread.sleep(65L * 1000L);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
		log.info("------- Shutting Down ---------------------");
		sched.shutdown(true);
		log.info("------- Shutdown Complete -----------------");
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		SimpleExample example = new SimpleExample();
		example.run();
	}
}
 

Example2 簡單觸發器

public class SimpleJob implements Job {
	private static Logger _log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SimpleJob.class);

	public SimpleJob() {
	}
	
	@Override
	public void execute(JobExecutionContext context)
			throws JobExecutionException {
		JobKey jobKey = context.getJobDetail().getKey();
		_log.info("SimpleJob says: " + jobKey + " executing at " + new Date());
	}
}


public class SimpleTriggerExample {
	public void run() throws Exception {
		Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SimpleTriggerExample.class);

		log.info("------- Initializing -------------------");

		// 得到排程器例項的引用
		SchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();
		Scheduler sched = sf.getScheduler();

		log.info("------- Initialization Complete --------");
		log.info("------- Scheduling Jobs ----------------");

		// jobs can be scheduled before sched.start() has been called

		// 任務開始時間的秒數是15的倍數
		Date startTime = DateBuilder.nextGivenSecondDate(null, 15);

		// job1開始時間的秒數是15的倍數
		JobDetail job = JobBuilder.newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job1", "group1").build();
		SimpleTrigger trigger = (SimpleTrigger) TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
				.withIdentity("trigger1", "group1").startAt(startTime).build();
		// 排程任務
		Date ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
		log.info(job.getKey() + " will run at: " + ft + " and repeat: "
				+ trigger.getRepeatCount() + " times, every "
				+ trigger.getRepeatInterval() / 1000 + " seconds");

		// job2開始時間的秒數是15的倍數
		job = JobBuilder.newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job2", "group1").build();
		trigger = (SimpleTrigger) TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(
				"trigger2", "group1").startAt(startTime).build();
		ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
		log.info(job.getKey() + " will run at: " + ft + " and repeat: "
				+ trigger.getRepeatCount() + " times, every "
				+ trigger.getRepeatInterval() / 1000 + " seconds");

		// job3開始時間的秒數是15的倍數（執行一次，重複10次，共11次，每次執行間隔為10s）
		job = JobBuilder.newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job3", "group1").build();
		trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
				.withIdentity("trigger3", "group1").startAt(startTime)
				.withSchedule(
						SimpleScheduleBuilder.simpleSchedule()
								.withIntervalInSeconds(10).withRepeatCount(10))
				.build();
		ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
		log.info(job.getKey() + " will run at: " + ft + " and repeat: "
				+ trigger.getRepeatCount() + " times, every "
				+ trigger.getRepeatInterval() / 1000 + " seconds");

		
		// 相同的job3開始時間的秒數是15的倍數（執行一次，重複2次，共3次，每次執行間隔為10s）
		trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
				.withIdentity("trigger3", "group2").startAt(startTime)
				.withSchedule(
						SimpleScheduleBuilder.simpleSchedule()
								.withIntervalInSeconds(10).withRepeatCount(2))
				.forJob(job).build();
		ft = sched.scheduleJob(trigger);
		log.info(job.getKey() + " will [also] run at: " + ft + " and repeat: "
				+ trigger.getRepeatCount() + " times, every "
				+ trigger.getRepeatInterval() / 1000 + " seconds");

		// job4開始時間的秒數是15的倍數（執行一次，重複5次，共6次，每次執行間隔為10s）
		job = JobBuilder.newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job4", "group1").build();
		trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger4", "group1").startAt(
				startTime).withSchedule(
						SimpleScheduleBuilder.simpleSchedule().withIntervalInSeconds(10).withRepeatCount(5))
				.build();
		ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
		log.info(job.getKey() + " will run at: " + ft + " and repeat: "
				+ trigger.getRepeatCount() + " times, every "
				+ trigger.getRepeatInterval() / 1000 + " seconds");

		// job5會立即排程，執行時間在5分鐘後
		job = JobBuilder.newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job5", "group1").build();
		trigger = (SimpleTrigger) TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger5",
				"group1").startAt(DateBuilder.futureDate(5, IntervalUnit.MINUTE)).build();
		ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
		log.info(job.getKey() + " will run at: " + ft + " and repeat: "
				+ trigger.getRepeatCount() + " times, every "
				+ trigger.getRepeatInterval() / 1000 + " seconds");

		// job6開始時間的秒數是15的倍數,並且每40秒會重複執行一次，無限重複
		job = JobBuilder.newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job6", "group1").build();
		trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger6", "group1").startAt(
				startTime).withSchedule(
						SimpleScheduleBuilder.simpleSchedule().withIntervalInSeconds(40).repeatForever())
				.build();
		ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
		log.info(job.getKey() + " will run at: " + ft + " and repeat: "
				+ trigger.getRepeatCount() + " times, every "
				+ trigger.getRepeatInterval() / 1000 + " seconds");

		log.info("------- Starting Scheduler ----------------");

		// 所有的任務已加入排程器，但排程器未開始之前所有的任務都不會執行
		sched.start();
		log.info("------- Started Scheduler -----------------");
		// 排程器執行後任務仍然可以被排程
		
		// job7開始時間的秒數是15的倍數,並且每5分鐘會重複執行一次，重複20次
		job = JobBuilder.newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job7", "group1").build();
		trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger7", "group1").startAt(
				startTime).withSchedule(
						SimpleScheduleBuilder.simpleSchedule().withIntervalInMinutes(5).withRepeatCount(20))
				.build();
		ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
		log.info(job.getKey() + " will run at: " + ft + " and repeat: "
				+ trigger.getRepeatCount() + " times, every "
				+ trigger.getRepeatInterval() / 1000 + " seconds");

		// job8可以直接執行，而不使用觸發器
		job = JobBuilder.newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job8", "group1")
				.storeDurably().build();
		sched.addJob(job, true);
		log.info("'Manually' triggering job8...");
		sched.triggerJob(JobKey.jobKey("job8", "group1"));

		log.info("------- Waiting 30 seconds... --------------");

		try {
			Thread.sleep(30L * 1000L);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

		// job7可以重複排程，開始時間的秒數是15的倍數,並且每5分鐘會重複執行一次，重複20次
		log.info("------- Rescheduling... --------------------");
		trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger7", "group1").startAt(
				startTime).withSchedule(
						SimpleScheduleBuilder.simpleSchedule().withIntervalInMinutes(5).withRepeatCount(20))
				.build();

		ft = sched.rescheduleJob(trigger.getKey(), trigger);
		log.info("job7 rescheduled to run at: " + ft);

		log.info("------- Waiting five minutes... ------------");
		try {
			// 等待5分鐘
			Thread.sleep(300L * 1000L);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

		log.info("------- Shutting Down ---------------------");

		sched.shutdown(true);

		log.info("------- Shutdown Complete -----------------");

		// 顯示排程器的狀態
		SchedulerMetaData metaData = sched.getMetaData();
		log.info("Executed " + metaData.getNumberOfJobsExecuted() + " jobs.");
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		SimpleTriggerExample example = new SimpleTriggerExample();
		example.run();
	}
}
 

Example 3 crontab格式的觸發器

public class SimpleJob implements Job {

	private static Logger _log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SimpleJob.class);

	public SimpleJob() {
	}

	public void execute(JobExecutionContext context)
			throws JobExecutionException {
		// 列印job的名稱和執行時間
		JobKey jobKey = context.getJobDetail().getKey();
		_log.info("SimpleJob says: " + jobKey + " executing at " + new Date());
	}
}


public class CronTriggerExample {

  public void run() throws Exception {
    Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CronTriggerExample.class);

    log.info("------- Initializing -------------------");

    // 得到排程器的引用
    SchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();
    Scheduler sched = sf.getScheduler();

    log.info("------- Initialization Complete --------");

    log.info("------- Scheduling Jobs ----------------");

    // job可以在排程器執行前被排程

    // job 1 每20秒執行1次
    JobDetail job = newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job1", "group1").build();
    CronTrigger trigger = newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger1", "group1").withSchedule(cronSchedule("0/20 * * * * ?"))
        .build();
    Date ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
    log.info(job.getKey() + " has been scheduled to run at: " + ft + " and repeat based on expression: "
             + trigger.getCronExpression());

    // job 2 在偶數分鐘的第15秒執行
    job = newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job2", "group1").build();
    trigger = newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger2", "group1").withSchedule(cronSchedule("15 0/2 * * * ?")).build();
    ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
    log.info(job.getKey() + " has been scheduled to run at: " + ft + " and repeat based on expression: "
             + trigger.getCronExpression());

    // job 3 在8-17點的偶數分鐘執行
    job = newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job3", "group1").build();
    trigger = newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger3", "group1").withSchedule(cronSchedule("0 0/2 8-17 * * ?")).build();
    ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
    log.info(job.getKey() + " has been scheduled to run at: " + ft + " and repeat based on expression: "
             + trigger.getCronExpression());

    // job 4 在17-23點分鐘是3的倍數執行
    job = newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job4", "group1").build();
    trigger = newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger4", "group1").withSchedule(cronSchedule("0 0/3 17-23 * * ?")).build();
    ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
    log.info(job.getKey() + " has been scheduled to run at: " + ft + " and repeat based on expression: "
             + trigger.getCronExpression());

    // job 5 在每月1號或15號的10點執行
    job = newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job5", "group1").build();
    trigger = newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger5", "group1").withSchedule(cronSchedule("0 0 10am 1,15 * ?")).build();
    ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
    log.info(job.getKey() + " has been scheduled to run at: " + ft + " and repeat based on expression: "
             + trigger.getCronExpression());

    // job 6 週一至週五的每30秒執行一次
    job = newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job6", "group1").build();
    trigger = newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger6", "group1").withSchedule(cronSchedule("0,30 * * ? * MON-FRI"))
        .build();
    ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
    log.info(job.getKey() + " has been scheduled to run at: " + ft + " and repeat based on expression: "
             + trigger.getCronExpression());

    // job 7 在週六、週日的每30秒執行一次
    job = newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job7", "group1").build();
    trigger = newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger7", "group1").withSchedule(cronSchedule("0,30 * * ? * SAT,SUN"))
        .build();
    ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
    log.info(job.getKey() + " has been scheduled to run at: " + ft + " and repeat based on expression: "
             + trigger.getCronExpression());

    log.info("------- Starting Scheduler ----------------");

    // 排程器執行前所有任務不會執行
    sched.start();

    log.info("------- Started Scheduler -----------------");

    log.info("------- Waiting five minutes... ------------");
    try {
      Thread.sleep(300L * 1000L);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }

    log.info("------- Shutting Down ---------------------");

    sched.shutdown(true);

    log.info("------- Shutdown Complete -----------------");

    SchedulerMetaData metaData = sched.getMetaData();
    log.info("Executed " + metaData.getNumberOfJobsExecuted() + " jobs.");

  }

  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

    CronTriggerExample example = new CronTriggerExample();
    example.run();
  }

}
 

Example4 向任務傳遞引數

// 接收引數和維護狀態的示例，注意這兩個註解
@PersistJobDataAfterExecution   // 每次執行後會持久化JobData
@DisallowConcurrentExecution    // 不允許併發執行
public class ColorJob implements Job {

    private static Logger _log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ColorJob.class);
    
    // 靜態引數
    public static final String FAVORITE_COLOR = "favorite color";
    public static final String EXECUTION_COUNT = "count";
    
    // 因為quartz每次執行任務時都會重新例項化一個類，所以非靜態成員變數不能用來維護狀態
    private int _counter = 1;

    public ColorJob() {
    }

    public void execute(JobExecutionContext context)
        throws JobExecutionException {
    	// 獲取jobkey類似group1.job1
        JobKey jobKey = context.getJobDetail().getKey();
        
        // 獲取並列印傳遞過來的引數
        JobDataMap data = context.getJobDetail().getJobDataMap();
        String favoriteColor = data.getString(FAVORITE_COLOR);
        int count = data.getInt(EXECUTION_COUNT);
        _log.info("ColorJob: " + jobKey + " executing at " + new Date() + "\n" +
            "  favorite color is " + favoriteColor + "\n" + 
            "  execution count (from job map) is " + count + "\n" + 
            "  execution count (from job member variable) is " + _counter);
        
        // 增加count並儲存到job的map中，所以job狀態可以維護
        count++;
        data.put(EXECUTION_COUNT, count);
        
        // 增加本地成員變數，通過成員變數不能維護job狀態
        _counter++;
    }
}



public class JobStateExample {

	public void run() throws Exception {
		Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JobStateExample.class);

		log.info("------- Initializing -------------------");

		// 得到排程器的引用
		SchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();
		Scheduler sched = sf.getScheduler();

		log.info("------- Initialization Complete --------");

		log.info("------- Scheduling Jobs ----------------");

		// 開始時間秒數是10的倍數
		Date startTime = nextGivenSecondDate(null, 10);

		// job1 會在秒數是10的倍數開始，重複4次，每10秒重複1次
		JobDetail job1 = newJob(ColorJob.class).withIdentity("job1", "group1")
				.build();
		SimpleTrigger trigger1 = newTrigger()
				.withIdentity("trigger1", "group1").startAt(startTime)
				.withSchedule(
						simpleSchedule().withIntervalInSeconds(10)
								.withRepeatCount(4)).build();
		// 向 job1 傳遞引數
		job1.getJobDataMap().put(ColorJob.FAVORITE_COLOR, "Green");
		job1.getJobDataMap().put(ColorJob.EXECUTION_COUNT, 1);
		Date scheduleTime1 = sched.scheduleJob(job1, trigger1);
		log.info(job1.getKey() + " will run at: " + scheduleTime1
				+ " and repeat: " + trigger1.getRepeatCount()
				+ " times, every " + trigger1.getRepeatInterval() / 1000
				+ " seconds");

		// job2 會在秒數是10的倍數開始，重複4次，每10秒重複1次
		JobDetail job2 = newJob(ColorJob.class).withIdentity("job2", "group1")
				.build();
		SimpleTrigger trigger2 = newTrigger()
				.withIdentity("trigger2", "group1").startAt(startTime)
				.withSchedule(
						simpleSchedule().withIntervalInSeconds(10)
								.withRepeatCount(4)).build();
		// 向 job2傳遞引數
		job2.getJobDataMap().put(ColorJob.FAVORITE_COLOR, "Red");
		job2.getJobDataMap().put(ColorJob.EXECUTION_COUNT, 1);
		Date scheduleTime2 = sched.scheduleJob(job2, trigger2);
		log.info(job2.getKey().toString() + " will run at: " + scheduleTime2
				+ " and repeat: " + trigger2.getRepeatCount()
				+ " times, every " + trigger2.getRepeatInterval() / 1000
				+ " seconds");

		log.info("------- Starting Scheduler ----------------");

		// 所有的任務已加入排程器，但排程器未開始之前所有的任務都不會執行
		sched.start();

		log.info("------- Started Scheduler -----------------");

		log.info("------- Waiting 60 seconds... -------------");
		try {
			Thread.sleep(60L * 1000L);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			//
		}

		log.info("------- Shutting Down ---------------------");

		sched.shutdown(true);

		log.info("------- Shutdown Complete -----------------");

		SchedulerMetaData metaData = sched.getMetaData();
		log.info("Executed " + metaData.getNumberOfJobsExecuted() + " jobs.");

	}

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

		JobStateExample example = new JobStateExample();
		example.run();
	}

}

Example5 錯失任務執行策略

/**
 * 一個啞任務，用於單元測試
 */
@PersistJobDataAfterExecution
@DisallowConcurrentExecution
public class StatefulDumbJob implements Job {
	// 常量
	public static final String NUM_EXECUTIONS = "NumExecutions";
	public static final String EXECUTION_DELAY = "ExecutionDelay";

	public StatefulDumbJob() {
	}

	public void execute(JobExecutionContext context)
			throws JobExecutionException {
		System.err.println("---" + context.getJobDetail().getKey()
				+ " executing.[" + new Date() + "]");

		// 取出job中的map中的資料，增加並重新放入job的map中
		JobDataMap map = context.getJobDetail().getJobDataMap();
		int executeCount = 0;
		if (map.containsKey(NUM_EXECUTIONS)) {
			executeCount = map.getInt(NUM_EXECUTIONS);
		}
		executeCount++;
		map.put(NUM_EXECUTIONS, executeCount);

		// 如果包含延遲欄位，則模擬任務延遲5秒
		long delay = 5000l;
		if (map.containsKey(EXECUTION_DELAY)) {
			delay = map.getLong(EXECUTION_DELAY);
		}
		try {
			Thread.sleep(delay);
		} catch (Exception ignore) {
		}
		
		// 完成任務，列印完成語句
		System.err.println("  -" + context.getJobDetail().getKey()
				+ " complete (" + executeCount + ").");
	}
}



public class MisfireExample {

	public void run() throws Exception {
		Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MisfireExample.class);

		log.info("------- Initializing -------------------");
		// 得到排程器的引用
		SchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();
		Scheduler sched = sf.getScheduler();

		log.info("------- Initialization Complete -----------");
		log.info("------- Scheduling Jobs -----------");

		// 開始時間秒數是15的倍數
		Date startTime = nextGivenSecondDate(null, 15);

		// 有狀態job1每3秒執行1次，但會延遲10秒（任務中睡眠了10秒模擬了執行任務需要10秒）
		JobDetail job = newJob(StatefulDumbJob.class).withIdentity(
				"statefulJob1", "group1").usingJobData(
				StatefulDumbJob.EXECUTION_DELAY, 10000L).build();
		SimpleTrigger trigger = newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger1", "group1")
				.startAt(startTime).withSchedule(
						simpleSchedule().withIntervalInSeconds(3)
								.repeatForever()).build();
		Date ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
		log.info(job.getKey() + " will run at: " + ft + " and repeat: "
				+ trigger.getRepeatCount() + " times, every "
				+ trigger.getRepeatInterval() / 1000 + " seconds");

		// 有狀態job2每3秒執行1次，但會延遲10秒（任務中睡眠了10秒模擬了執行任務需要10秒）
		// job2設定了策略，所以錯失後會立即觸發，而不會等到下一個觸發點
		job = newJob(StatefulDumbJob.class).withIdentity("statefulJob2",
				"group1").usingJobData(StatefulDumbJob.EXECUTION_DELAY, 10000L)
				.build();
		trigger = newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger2", "group1").startAt(
				startTime).withSchedule(
				simpleSchedule().withIntervalInSeconds(3).repeatForever()
				// 設定錯失觸發後的排程策略
						.withMisfireHandlingInstructionNowWithExistingCount())
				.build();
		ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
		log.info(job.getKey() + " will run at: " + ft + " and repeat: "
				+ trigger.getRepeatCount() + " times, every "
				+ trigger.getRepeatInterval() / 1000 + " seconds");

		log.info("------- Starting Scheduler ----------------");
		sched.start();
		log.info("------- Started Scheduler -----------------");

		try {
			Thread.sleep(600L * 1000L);
		} catch (Exception e) {
		}

		log.info("------- Shutting Down ---------------------");
		sched.shutdown(true);
		log.info("------- Shutdown Complete -----------------");

		SchedulerMetaData metaData = sched.getMetaData();
		log.info("Executed " + metaData.getNumberOfJobsExecuted() + " jobs.");
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		MisfireExample example = new MisfireExample();
		example.run();
	}

	//本範例中，觸發的間隔被設定為3秒，但是由於任務體執行間睡眠10秒，導致了錯失觸發的產生。
	//實際執行的效果，2個任務執行的間隔為10秒。
	//由於丟失觸發時，job2的策略是立即觸發，而job1是等待下一次機會觸發。所以job2會趕在job1的前頭，最終執行次數大於job1。
}