AIDL建立

1. 新建Aidldemo專案

   

2. 選中APP-右鍵-new-AIDL-AIDL file
   

   會出現一個aidl目錄，但是注意此時還沒有生成對應的java檔案，如下圖所示
   

3. 點選Build-Clean Project(Rebuild 也可以)，aidl對應的java檔案就會出現了
   

寫個加法計算器

• 更改aidl目錄下的aidl檔案如下：

  interface IAdditionService {
      int add(in int x, in int y);
  }

• 在MainActivity同級目錄下，建立一個Service

  

  更改程式碼如下：

  public
   
   class AdditionService extends Service {
      public AdditionService() {
      }
  
      @Override
      public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
          // TODO: Return the communication channel to the service.
          return mBinder;
  
      }
  
      IAdditionService.Stub mBinder = new IAdditionService.Stub() {
          @Override
   
  
          public int add(int x, int y) throws RemoteException {
              return x + y;
          }
      };
  }

• 寫個簡單的佈局，輸入兩個加數，點選按鈕相加，並輸出結果

  ```
  <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
      xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
      android:layout_width="match_parent"
      android:layout_height="match_parent"
      android:orientation="vertical"
      android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
      android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
      android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
      android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
      app:layout_behavior="@string/appbar_scrolling_view_behavior"
      tools:context="example.guanhang.aidldemo.MainActivity"
      tools:showIn="@layout/activity_main">
  
      <EditText
          android:id="@+id/et_num1"
          android:layout_width="180dp"
          android:layout_gravity="center"
          android:layout_height="wrap_content"
           />
      <EditText
          android:id="@+id/et_num2"
          android:layout_width="180dp"
          android:layout_gravity="center"
          android:layout_height="wrap_content"
          />
      <Button
          android:layout_width="wrap_content"
          android:layout_height="wrap_content"
          android:onClick="add"
          android:text="相加"
          />
      <LinearLayout
          android:layout_width="match_parent"
          android:layout_height="wrap_content"
          android:orientation="horizontal">
          <TextView
              android:layout_width="0dp"
              android:layout_height="wrap_content"
              android:layout_weight="1"
              android:text="相加結果為:"
              />
          <TextView
              android:id="@+id/tv"
              android:layout_weight="2"
              android:layout_width="0dp"
              android:layout_height="wrap_content"
              />
  
      </LinearLayout>
  
  </LinearLayout>
  ```
   
  

  • 修改MainActivity的程式碼

  public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
  
      IAdditionService mService;
  
      @Override
      protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
          super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
          setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
          Toolbar toolbar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
          setSupportActionBar(toolbar);
  
          FloatingActionButton fab = (FloatingActionButton) findViewById(R.id.fab);
          fab.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
              @Override
              public void onClick(View view) {
                  Snackbar.make(view, "Replace with your own action", Snackbar.LENGTH_LONG)
                          .setAction("Action", null).show();
              }
          });
  
          Intent intentService = new Intent(this,AdditionService.class);
          bindService(intentService, mConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
      }
  
      ServiceConnection mConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
          @Override
          public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
              mService = IAdditionService.Stub.asInterface(service);
          }
  
          @Override
          public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
  
          }
      };
  
      public void add(View view) throws RemoteException {
          EditText et1 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_num1);
          EditText et2 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_num2);
  
          TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
  
          int x = Integer.parseInt(et1.getText().toString());
          int y = Integer.parseInt(et2.getText().toString());
          int result = mService.add(x, y);
          tv.setText(result +"");
      }
  }

• 結果
  

新建另一個專案，來啟動這個遠端服務

新建StartAdd 專案，在該專案啟動Aidldemo中的加法服務，佈局照抄上面那個專案

不過這個專案因為沒有Service的類,所以要在之前的那個專案中，加上隱式啟動服務的過濾器

注意：該專案新建的aidl要和之前專案的aidl包名以及檔案內容要一模一樣，所以這時不能右鍵新建AIDL file了（因為，這樣預設的包名是當前專案的包名，和之前的aidl的檔案的package是不符的）。因此要：

• 新建一個包，名字和上面專案Aidl所在的包名一致
• 把上面那個專案的aidl檔案直接拷到這個包裡面
• Clean Project ，自動生成相應的java檔案

修改MainActivity:

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    IAdditionService mService;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Toolbar toolbar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
        setSupportActionBar(toolbar);

        FloatingActionButton fab = (FloatingActionButton) findViewById(R.id.fab);
        fab.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                Snackbar.make(view, "Replace with your own action", Snackbar.LENGTH_LONG)
                        .setAction("Action", null).show();
            }
        });

        Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.setAction("com.guanhang.add");
        bindService(intent, mConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
    }

    ServiceConnection mConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
            mService = IAdditionService.Stub.asInterface(service);
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {

        }
    };

    public void add(View view) throws RemoteException {
        EditText et1 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_num1);
        EditText et2 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_num2);

        TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);

        int x = Integer.parseInt(et1.getText().toString());
        int y = Integer.parseInt(et2.getText().toString());
        int result = mService.add(x, y);
        tv.setText(result +"");
    }
}

執行結果：