簡介：       

        我們通過Shell可以實現簡單的控制流功能，如：迴圈、判斷等。但是對於需要互動的場合則必須通過人工來干預，有時候我們可能會需要實現和互動程式如telnet伺服器等進行互動的功能。而Expect就是用來實現這種功能的工具。

　　Expect是一個免費的程式設計工具語言，用來實現自動和互動式任務進行通訊，而無需人的干預。Expect的作者Don Libes在1990年開始編寫Expect時對Expect做有如下定義：Expect是一個用來實現自動互動功能的軟體套件 (Expect is a software suite for automating interactive tools)。系統管理員使用它可以建立指令碼對命令或程式提供輸入，而這些命令和程式是期望從終端（terminal）得到輸入，一般來說這些輸入都是手工進行輸入的。 Expect則可以根據程式的提示模擬標準輸入提供給程式需要的輸入來實現互動程式執行。

        簡單來說就是指令碼幫助你輸入本該由你自己手動輸入的資訊。

安裝：

-rw-r--r-- 1 ddd ddd  525572 2011-09-15 expect.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 ddd ddd 3641017 2011-09-15 tcl8.4.16-src.tar.gz

tar -xzvf解壓

Expect需要Tcl程式語言的支援，要在系統上執行Expect必須首先安裝Tcl

安裝tcl：

[[email protected] zx]$ cd /home/zx/tcl8.4.16/unix

通過該命令可以檢視安裝引數：

[[email protected]
 
 unix]$./configure --help
Usage: configure [options] [host]
Options: [defaults in brackets after descriptions]
Configuration:
  --cache-file=FILE       cache test results in FILE
  --help                  print this message
  --no-create             do not create output files
  --quiet, --silent       do not print `checking...' messages
  --version               print the version of autoconf that created configure
Directory and file names:
  --prefix=PREFIX         install architecture-independent files in PREFIX
                          [/usr/local]
  --exec-prefix=EPREFIX   install architecture-dependent files in EPREFIX
                          [same as prefix]
  --bindir=DIR            user executables in DIR [EPREFIX/bin]
  --sbindir=DIR           system admin executables in DIR [EPREFIX/sbin]
  --libexecdir=DIR        program executables in DIR [EPREFIX/libexec]
  --datadir=DIR           read-only architecture-independent data in DIR
                          [PREFIX/share]
  --sysconfdir=DIR        read-only single-machine data in DIR [PREFIX/etc]
  --sharedstatedir=DIR    modifiable architecture-independent data in DIR
                          [PREFIX/com]
  --localstatedir=DIR     modifiable single-machine data in DIR [PREFIX/var]
  --libdir=DIR            object code libraries in DIR [EPREFIX/lib]
  --includedir=DIR        C header files in DIR [PREFIX/include]
  --oldincludedir=DIR     C header files for non-gcc in DIR [/usr/include]
  --infodir=DIR           info documentation in DIR [PREFIX/info]
  --mandir=DIR            man documentation in DIR [PREFIX/man]
  --srcdir=DIR            find the sources in DIR [configure dir or ..]
  --program-prefix=PREFIX prepend PREFIX to installed program names
  --program-suffix=SUFFIX append SUFFIX to installed program names
  --program-transform-name=PROGRAM
                          run sed PROGRAM on installed program names
Host type:
  --build=BUILD           configure for building on BUILD [BUILD=HOST]
  --host=HOST             configure for HOST [guessed]
  --target=TARGET         configure for TARGET [TARGET=HOST]
Features and packages:
  --disable-FEATURE       do not include FEATURE (same as --enable-FEATURE=no)
  --enable-FEATURE[=ARG]  include FEATURE [ARG=yes]
  --with-PACKAGE[=ARG]    use PACKAGE [ARG=yes]
  --without-PACKAGE       do not use PACKAGE (same as --with-PACKAGE=no)
  --x-includes=DIR        X include files are in DIR
  --x-libraries=DIR       X library files are in DIR
--enable and --with options recognized:
  --enable-man-symlinks   use symlinks for the manpages
  --enable-man-compression=PROG
                      compress the manpages with PROG
  --enable-man-suffix=STRING
                      use STRING as a suffix to manpage file names
                      (default: tcl)
  --enable-threads        build with threads
  --enable-shared         build and link with shared libraries [--enable-shared]
  --enable-64bit          enable 64bit support (where applicable)
  --enable-64bit-vis      enable 64bit Sparc VIS support
  --enable-corefoundation use CoreFoundation API [--enable-corefoundation]
  --disable-load          disallow dynamic loading and load command
  --enable-symbols        build with debugging symbols [--disable-symbols]
  --enable-langinfo       use nl_langinfo if possible to determine
                          encoding at startup, otherwise use old heuristic
  --enable-dtrace         build with DTrace support [--disable-dtrace]
  --enable-framework      package shared libraries in MacOSX frameworks [--disable-framework]：
 

[[email protected] unix]$./configure --prefix=/home/zx/tcl
[[email protected] unix]$make
[[email protected] unix]$make install

拷貝標頭檔案以供安裝expect時使用：

[[email protected] unix]$cp tclUnixPort.h ../generic/

安裝expect：

[[email protected] unix]$ cd /home/zx/expect-5.43

通過該命令可以檢視安裝引數：

[[email protected] expect-5.43]$ ./configure --help
Usage: configure [options] [host]
Options: [defaults in brackets after descriptions]
Configuration:
  --cache-file=FILE       cache test results in FILE
  --help                  print this message
  --no-create             do not create output files
  --quiet, --silent       do not print `checking...' messages
  --version               print the version of autoconf that created configure
Directory and file names:
  --prefix=PREFIX         install architecture-independent files in PREFIX
                          [/usr/local]
  --exec-prefix=EPREFIX   install architecture-dependent files in EPREFIX
                          [same as prefix]
  --bindir=DIR            user executables in DIR [EPREFIX/bin]
  --sbindir=DIR           system admin executables in DIR [EPREFIX/sbin]
  --libexecdir=DIR        program executables in DIR [EPREFIX/libexec]
  --datadir=DIR           read-only architecture-independent data in DIR
                          [PREFIX/share]
  --sysconfdir=DIR        read-only single-machine data in DIR [PREFIX/etc]
  --sharedstatedir=DIR    modifiable architecture-independent data in DIR
                          [PREFIX/com]
  --localstatedir=DIR     modifiable single-machine data in DIR [PREFIX/var]
  --libdir=DIR            object code libraries in DIR [EPREFIX/lib]
  --includedir=DIR        C header files in DIR [PREFIX/include]
  --oldincludedir=DIR     C header files for non-gcc in DIR [/usr/include]
  --infodir=DIR           info documentation in DIR [PREFIX/info]
  --mandir=DIR            man documentation in DIR [PREFIX/man]
  --srcdir=DIR            find the sources in DIR [configure dir or ..]
  --program-prefix=PREFIX prepend PREFIX to installed program names
  --program-suffix=SUFFIX append SUFFIX to installed program names
  --program-transform-name=PROGRAM
                          run sed PROGRAM on installed program names
Host type:
  --build=BUILD           configure for building on BUILD [BUILD=HOST]
  --host=HOST             configure for HOST [guessed]
  --target=TARGET         configure for TARGET [TARGET=HOST]
Features and packages:
  --disable-FEATURE       do not include FEATURE (same as --enable-FEATURE=no)
  --enable-FEATURE[=ARG]  include FEATURE [ARG=yes]
  --with-PACKAGE[=ARG]    use PACKAGE [ARG=yes]
  --without-PACKAGE       do not use PACKAGE (same as --with-PACKAGE=no)
  --x-includes=DIR        X include files are in DIR
  --x-libraries=DIR       X library files are in DIR
--enable and --with options recognized:
  --enable-threads        build with threads (not supported)
  --with-tcl           directory containing tcl configuration (tclConfig.sh)
  --with-tk           directory containing tk configuration (tkConfig.sh)
  --enable-symbols   allow use of symbols if available
  --with-tclinclude       directory where tcl private headers are
  --enable-shared     build libexpect as a shared library
  --with-x               whether or not to use X (default yes)
  --with-tkinclude       directory where tk private headers are
  --disable-load     disallow dynamic loading
  --enable-gcc        allow use of gcc if available

設定安裝引數：

[[email protected] expect-5.43]$./configure --prefix=/home/zx/expect 
    -with-tcl=/home/zx/tcl/lib -with-x=no 
    -with-tclinclude=/home/zx/tcl8.4.16/generic
[[email protected] expect-5.43]$make
[[email protected] expect-5.43]$make install