Linux dmidecode 命令
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-02-27
成本 compute operation tag 內存條 nag enable put 進行
當我們需要獲取機器硬件信息時，可使用linux系統自帶的dmidecode工具進行查詢。
dmidecode 用於獲取服務器的硬件信息，通常是在不打開計算機機箱的情況下使用該命令來查找硬件詳細信息
這個命令可以查看內存的幾乎所有信息，包括頻率 大小等等，另外這個命令強大到幾乎可以查任何硬件信息 包括設備型號、bios 、cpu、主板 、處理器、內存、緩存詳細信息等等都例舉出來，
對於大部分普通服務器用戶來說，我們選擇VPS、服務器產品的時候比較關心的是產品的費用、服務器的速度以及穩定性，更有就是服務商家的服務（尤其不能跑路）。隨著我們使用服務器時間的推移，以及會看到各個不同的商家產品的時候，就會需要有所對比，嚴謹的用戶會更為的關註產品的硬件配置信息。
因為在主機行業中，配置的差距關乎到產品的成本和費用，至少我們要弄明白不能被人忽悠。
[root@localhost ~]$ yum install -y dmidecode
常見用法如下：
[root@localhost ~]$ dmidecode # 打印所有硬件信息 [root@localhost ~]$ dmidecode -q # 打印所有硬件信息，比較簡潔 [root@localhost ~]$ dmidecode | grep ‘Product Name‘ # 以過濾的方式來查看指定的硬件信息 [root@localhost~]$ dmidecode -t bios # 查看BIOS相關的硬件信息 [root@localhost ~]$ dmidecode -t system # 查看系統相關的硬件信息 [root@localhost ~]$ dmidecode -t baseboard # 查看主板相關的硬件信息 [root@localhost ~]$ dmidecode -t chassis # 查看機箱相關的硬件信息 [root@localhost ~]$ dmidecode -t processor # 查看處理器相關的硬件信息 [root@localhost~]$ dmidecode -t memory # 查看內存相關的硬件信息
查看服務器型號：dmidecode | grep ‘Product Name‘
dmidecode |grep ‘Product Name‘ Product Name: System Product Name Product Name: Z8NR-D12
dmidecode | grep -i product Product Name: System Product Name Product Name: Z8NR-D12
查看主板的序列號：dmidecode |grep ‘Serial Number‘
dmidecode |grep ‘Serial Number‘ Serial Number: System Serial Number Serial Number: 120902356500037 Serial Number: Chassis Serial Number Serial Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Serial Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Serial Number: D8CC0900 Serial Number: SerNum01 Serial Number: SerNum02 Serial Number: SerNum03 Serial Number: SerNum04 Serial Number: SerNum05 Serial Number: D8CC0900 Serial Number: SerNum07 Serial Number: SerNum08 Serial Number: SerNum09 Serial Number: SerNum10 Serial Number: SerNum11
查看系統序列號：dmidecode -s system-serial-number
dmidecode -s system-serial-number
System Serial Number
查看OEM信息：dmidecode -t 11
dmidecode -t 11 # dmidecode 2.12 SMBIOS 2.5 present. Handle 0x0033, DMI type 11, 5 bytes OEM Strings String 1: To Be Filled By O.E.M. String 2: To Be Filled By O.E.M. String 3: To Be Filled By O.E.M. String 4: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
查詢內存條數：
[root@mysql ~]# dmidecode -t 17 | grep "Size.*MB" | wc -l 2
第一、dmidecode查看主板信息
dmidecode -t 2
[root@mysql ~]#dmidecode -t 2 # dmidecode 2.12 SMBIOS 2.5 present. Handle 0x0002, DMI type 2, 15 bytes Base Board Information Manufacturer: ASUSTeK Computer INC. Product Name: Z8NR-D12 Version: Rev 1.xxG Serial Number: 120902356500037 Asset Tag: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Features: Board is a hosting board Board is replaceable Location In Chassis: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Chassis Handle: 0x0003 Type: Motherboard Contained Object Handles: 0
第二、使用dmidecode查詢內存(RAM)信息
dmidecode -t 16
首先，可以通過以下命令查詢機器最大支持的內存總量
[root@mysql ~]#dmidecode -t 16 # dmidecode 2.12 SMBIOS 2.5 present. Handle 0x0036, DMI type 16, 15 bytes Physical Memory Array Location: System Board Or Motherboard Use: System Memory Error Correction Type: Multi-bit ECC Maximum Capacity: 96 GB Error Information Handle: Not Provided Number Of Devices: 12
這裏可以查看到當前服務器允許擴容的最大內存大小，從以上輸出可知，該機器理論上支持的最大內存為96G。
然後使用以下命令查詢機器可用的內存：
grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo MemTotal: 32869848 kB
可以看到機器可用的內存為32G，也即我們可以再擴64G內存。
第三、查看當前內存數和插槽數
dmidecode|grep -P -A5 "Memory Device" |grep Size
[root@mysql ~]#dmidecode|grep -P -A5 "Memory Device" |grep Size Size: 16384 MB Range Size: 1 kB Size: No Module Installed Range Size: 1 kB Size: No Module Installed Range Size: 1 kB Size: No Module Installed Range Size: 1 kB Size: No Module Installed Range Size: 1 kB Size: No Module Installed Range Size: 1 kB Size: 16384 MB Range Size: 1 kB Size: No Module Installed Range Size: 1 kB Size: No Module Installed Range Size: 4032 GB Size: No Module Installed Range Size: 1 kB Size: No Module Installed Range Size: 1 kB Size: No Module Installed Range Size: 1 kB
1.查看內存槽數、那個槽位插了內存，大小是多少
[root@mysql ~]# dmidecode|grep -P -A5 "Memory\s+Device"|grep Size|grep -v Range Size: 16384 MB Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed Size: 16384 MB Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed
第四、查看內存條數
但是在用的32G內存是怎麽組成的？是1條32G內存？是2條16G內存？
我們可以通過以下命令進行查詢：
dmidecode -t 17
No Module Installed 代表沒有插內存條的槽
[root@mysql ~]# dmidecode -t 17 # dmidecode 2.12 SMBIOS 2.5 present. Handle 0x0038, DMI type 17, 27 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x0036 Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 72 bits Data Width: 79 bits Size: 16384 MB Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: DIMM_A1 Bank Locator: BANK0 Type: DDR3 Type Detail: None Speed: 1333 MHz Manufacturer: Manufacturer00 Serial Number: D8CC0900 Asset Tag: AssetTagNum0 Part Number: TS2GKR72V3H Handle 0x0044, DMI type 17, 27 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x0036 Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 72 bits Data Width: 79 bits Size: 16384 MB Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: DIMM_D1 Bank Locator: BANK2 Type: DDR3 Type Detail: None Speed: 1333 MHz Manufacturer: Manufacturer02 Serial Number: D8CC0900 Asset Tag: AssetTagNum6 Part Number: TS2GKR72V3H Handle 0x004E, DMI type 17, 27 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x0036 Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 72 bits Data Width: Unknown Size: No Module Installed Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: DIMM_F2 Bank Locator: BANK3 Type: DDR3 Type Detail: None Speed: Unknown Manufacturer: Manufacturer03 Serial Number: SerNum11 Asset Tag: AssetTagNum11 Part Number: ModulePartNumber11
從紅色部分，我們可以看到當前服務器是32GB內存，然後看到上面數據，可以知道該機器插了2根16G內存條
第五、查看物理CPU信息
dmidecode -t 4
[root@mysql ~]# dmidecode -t 4 # dmidecode 2.12 SMBIOS 2.5 present. Handle 0x0004, DMI type 4, 40 bytes Processor Information Socket Designation: CPU 1 Type: Central Processor Family: Xeon Manufacturer: Intel ID: C2 06 02 00 FF FB EB BF Signature: Type 0, Family 6, Model 44, Stepping 2 Flags: FPU (Floating-point unit on-chip) VME (Virtual mode extension) DE (Debugging extension) PSE (Page size extension) TSC (Time stamp counter) MSR (Model specific registers) PAE (Physical address extension) MCE (Machine check exception) CX8 (CMPXCHG8 instruction supported) APIC (On-chip APIC hardware supported) SEP (Fast system call) MTRR (Memory type range registers) PGE (Page global enable) MCA (Machine check architecture) CMOV (Conditional move instruction supported) PAT (Page attribute table) PSE-36 (36-bit page size extension) CLFSH (CLFLUSH instruction supported) DS (Debug store) ACPI (ACPI supported) MMX (MMX technology supported) FXSR (FXSAVE and FXSTOR instructions supported) SSE (Streaming SIMD extensions) SSE2 (Streaming SIMD extensions 2) SS (Self-snoop) HTT (Multi-threading) TM (Thermal monitor supported) PBE (Pending break enabled) Version: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5620 @ 2.40GHz Voltage: 1.2 V External Clock: 133 MHz Max Speed: 3600 MHz Current Speed: 2400 MHz Status: Populated, Enabled Upgrade: Socket LGA1366 L1 Cache Handle: 0x0005 L2 Cache Handle: 0x0006 L3 Cache Handle: 0x0007 Serial Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Asset Tag: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Part Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Core Count: 4 Core Enabled: 4 Thread Count: 8 Characteristics: 64-bit capable Handle 0x0008, DMI type 4, 40 bytes Processor Information Socket Designation: CPU 2 Type: Central Processor Family: Xeon Manufacturer: Intel ID: C2 06 02 00 FF FB EB BF Signature: Type 0, Family 6, Model 44, Stepping 2 Flags: FPU (Floating-point unit on-chip) VME (Virtual mode extension) DE (Debugging extension) PSE (Page size extension) TSC (Time stamp counter) MSR (Model specific registers) PAE (Physical address extension) MCE (Machine check exception) CX8 (CMPXCHG8 instruction supported) APIC (On-chip APIC hardware supported) SEP (Fast system call) MTRR (Memory type range registers) PGE (Page global enable) MCA (Machine check architecture) CMOV (Conditional move instruction supported) PAT (Page attribute table) PSE-36 (36-bit page size extension) CLFSH (CLFLUSH instruction supported) DS (Debug store) ACPI (ACPI supported) MMX (MMX technology supported) FXSR (FXSAVE and FXSTOR instructions supported) SSE (Streaming SIMD extensions) SSE2 (Streaming SIMD extensions 2) SS (Self-snoop) HTT (Multi-threading) TM (Thermal monitor supported) PBE (Pending break enabled) Version: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5620 @ 2.40GHz Voltage: 1.2 V External Clock: 133 MHz Max Speed: 3600 MHz Current Speed: 2400 MHz Status: Populated, Enabled Upgrade: Socket LGA1366 L1 Cache Handle: 0x0009 L2 Cache Handle: 0x000A L3 Cache Handle: 0x000B Serial Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Asset Tag: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Part Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Core Count: 4 Core Enabled: 4 Thread Count: 8 Characteristics: 64-bit capable
也可以用cat /proc/cpuinfo命令查看CPU信息。
第六、查看服務器硬盤信息
cat /proc/scsi/scsi
[root@mysql ~]# cat /proc/scsi/scsi Attached devices: Host: scsi0 Channel: 01 Id: 00 Lun: 00 Vendor: LSI Model: Logical Volume Rev: 3000 Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 06 Host: scsi0 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00 Vendor: SEAGATE Model: ST3300657SS Rev: 0008 Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 05 Host: scsi0 Channel: 00 Id: 01 Lun: 00 Vendor: SEAGATE Model: ST3300657SS Rev: 0008 Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 05 Host: scsi4 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00 Vendor: TSSTcorp Model: CDDVDW SN-208BB Rev: AS01 Type: CD-ROM ANSI SCSI revision: 05
第七、dmidecode查看內存速率
dmidecode|grep -A16 "Memory Device"|grep ‘Speed‘
沒插就是unknown。
[root@mysql ~]# dmidecode|grep -A16 "Memory Device"|grep ‘Speed‘ Speed: 1333 MHz Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown Speed: 1333 MHz Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown
第八、查看系統相關的硬件信息
dmidecode -t 1 # dmidecode 2.12 SMBIOS 2.5 present. Handle 0x0001, DMI type 1, 27 bytes System Information Manufacturer: System manufacturer Product Name: System Product Name Version: System Version Serial Number: System Serial Number UUID: 00797DF5-8DFE-D511-A89C-3085A9A895F8 Wake-up Type: Power Switch SKU Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Family: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
另外也可通過/proc查詢CPU相關信息。
查詢物理CPU個數：
[root@mysql ~]#cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep ‘physical id‘|sort|uniq|wc -l 2
查詢CPU核數：
[root@mysql ~]#cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep ‘core id‘|wc -l 16
更精簡的信息顯示：
dmidecode -q //BIOS相關的硬件信息 BIOS Information Vendor: American Megatrends Inc. Version: 1501 Release Date: 10/25/2011 Address: 0xF0000 Runtime Size: 64 kB ROM Size: 2048 kB Characteristics: ISA is supported PCI is supported PNP is supported APM is supported BIOS is upgradeable BIOS shadowing is allowed ESCD support is available Boot from CD is supported Selectable boot is supported BIOS ROM is socketed EDD is supported 5.25"/1.2 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h) 3.5"/720 kB floppy services are supported (int 13h) 3.5"/2.88 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h) Print screen service is supported (int 5h) 8042 keyboard services are supported (int 9h) Serial services are supported (int 14h) Printer services are supported (int 17h) CGA/mono video services are supported (int 10h) ACPI is supported USB legacy is supported LS-120 boot is supported ATAPI Zip drive boot is supported BIOS boot specification is supported Targeted content distribution is supported BIOS Revision: 8.15 //系統相關的硬件信息 System Information Manufacturer: System manufacturer # 廠商 Product Name: System Product Name # 服務器型號 Version: System Version # 版本號 Serial Number: System Serial Number # 主板序列號 UUID: 00797DF5-8DFE-D511-A89C-3085A9A895F8 # UUID Wake-up Type: Power Switch SKU Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Family: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Base Board Information Manufacturer: ASUSTeK Computer INC. Product Name: Z8NR-D12 Version: Rev 1.xxG Serial Number: 120902356500037 Asset Tag: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Features: Board is a hosting board Board is replaceable Location In Chassis: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Type: Motherboard //機箱相關的硬件信息 Chassis Information Manufacturer: Chassis Manufacture Type: Desktop Lock: Not Present Version: Chassis Version Serial Number: Chassis Serial Number Asset Tag: Asset-1234567890 Boot-up State: Safe Power Supply State: Safe Thermal State: Safe Security Status: None OEM Information: 0x00000001 Height: Unspecified Number Of Power Cords: 1 Contained Elements: 0 //處理器相關的硬件信息 Processor Information Socket Designation: CPU 1 Type: Central Processor Family: Xeon Manufacturer: Intel ID: C2 06 02 00 FF FB EB BF Signature: Type 0, Family 6, Model 44, Stepping 2 Flags: FPU (Floating-point unit on-chip) VME (Virtual mode extension) DE (Debugging extension) PSE (Page size extension) TSC (Time stamp counter) MSR (Model specific registers) PAE (Physical address extension) MCE (Machine check exception) CX8 (CMPXCHG8 instruction supported) APIC (On-chip APIC hardware supported) SEP (Fast system call) MTRR (Memory type range registers) PGE (Page global enable) MCA (Machine check architecture) CMOV (Conditional move instruction supported) PAT (Page attribute table) PSE-36 (36-bit page size extension) CLFSH (CLFLUSH instruction supported) DS (Debug store) ACPI (ACPI supported) MMX (MMX technology supported) FXSR (FXSAVE and FXSTOR instructions supported) SSE (Streaming SIMD extensions) SSE2 (Streaming SIMD extensions 2) SS (Self-snoop) HTT (Multi-threading) TM (Thermal monitor supported) PBE (Pending break enabled) Version: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5620 @ 2.40GHz Voltage: 1.2 V External Clock: 133 MHz Max Speed: 3600 MHz Current Speed: 2400 MHz Status: Populated, Enabled Upgrade: Socket LGA1366 Serial Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Asset Tag: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Part Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Core Count: 4 Core Enabled: 4 Thread Count: 8 Characteristics: 64-bit capable Cache Information Socket Designation: L1-Cache Configuration: Enabled, Not Socketed, Level 1 Operational Mode: Write Through Location: Internal Installed Size: 256 kB Maximum Size: 256 kB Supported SRAM Types: Other Installed SRAM Type: Other Speed: Unknown Error Correction Type: Parity System Type: Instruction Associativity: 4-way Set-associative Processor Information Socket Designation: CPU 2 Type: Central Processor Family: Xeon Manufacturer: Intel ID: C2 06 02 00 FF FB EB BF Signature: Type 0, Family 6, Model 44, Stepping 2 Flags: FPU (Floating-point unit on-chip) VME (Virtual mode extension) DE (Debugging extension) PSE (Page size extension) TSC (Time stamp counter) MSR (Model specific registers) PAE (Physical address extension) MCE (Machine check exception) CX8 (CMPXCHG8 instruction supported) APIC (On-chip APIC hardware supported) SEP (Fast system call) MTRR (Memory type range registers) PGE (Page global enable) MCA (Machine check architecture) CMOV (Conditional move instruction supported) PAT (Page attribute table) PSE-36 (36-bit page size extension) CLFSH (CLFLUSH instruction supported) DS (Debug store) ACPI (ACPI supported) MMX (MMX technology supported) FXSR (FXSAVE and FXSTOR instructions supported) SSE (Streaming SIMD extensions) SSE2 (Streaming SIMD extensions 2) SS (Self-snoop) HTT (Multi-threading) TM (Thermal monitor supported) PBE (Pending break enabled) Version: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5620 @ 2.40GHz Voltage: 1.2 V External Clock: 133 MHz Max Speed: 3600 MHz Current Speed: 2400 MHz Status: Populated, Enabled Upgrade: Socket LGA1366 Serial Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Asset Tag: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Part Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Core Count: 4 Core Enabled: 4 Thread Count: 8 Characteristics: 64-bit capable Cache Information Socket Designation: L1-Cache Configuration: Enabled, Not Socketed, Level 1 Operational Mode: Write Through Location: Internal Installed Size: 256 kB Maximum Size: 256 kB Supported SRAM Types: Other Installed SRAM Type: Other Speed: Unknown Error Correction Type: Parity System Type: Instruction Associativity: 4-way Set-associative Port Connector Information Internal Reference Designator: Null Internal Connector Type: None External Reference Designator: PS2Mouse External Connector Type: PS/2 Port Type: Mouse Port Port Connector Information Internal Reference Designator: Null Internal Connector Type: None External Reference Designator: Keyboard External Connector Type: PS/2 Port Type: Keyboard Port Port Connector Information Internal Reference Designator: Null Internal Connector Type: None External Reference Designator: USB1 External Connector Type: Access Bus (USB) Port Type: USB System Slot Information Designation: PCIE1 Type: x16 PCI Express Current Usage: Available Length: Short ID: 1 Characteristics: 3.3 V is provided Opening is shared PME signal is supported System Slot Information Designation: PCIE2 Type: x4 PCI Express Current Usage: Available Length: Short ID: 2 Characteristics: 3.3 V is provided Opening is shared PME signal is supported On Board Device Information Type: Video Status: Enabled Description: AST2050 OEM Strings String 1: To Be Filled By O.E.M. String 2: To Be Filled By O.E.M. String 3: To Be Filled By O.E.M. String 4: To Be Filled By O.E.M. BIOS Language Information Language Description Format: Abbreviated Installable Languages: 1 en|US|iso8859-1 Currently Installed Language: en|US|iso8859-1 System Event Log Area Length: 1008 bytes Header Start Offset: 0x0810 Data Start Offset: 0x0810 Access Method: Memory-mapped physical 32-bit address Access Address: 0xFFFBC000 Status: Valid, Not Full Change Token: 0x00000000 Header Format: No Header Supported Log Type Descriptors: 11 Descriptor 1: OEM-specific Data Format 1: Multiple-event handle Descriptor 2: OEM-specific Data Format 2: Multiple-event handle Descriptor 3: Single-bit ECC memory error Data Format 3: POST results bitmap Descriptor 4: Multi-bit ECC memory error Data Format 4: POST results bitmap Descriptor 5: Parity memory error Data Format 5: Multiple-event Descriptor 6: I/O channel block Data Format 6: Multiple-event Descriptor 7: POST error Data Format 7: POST results bitmap Descriptor 8: PCI parity error Data Format 8: Multiple-event handle Descriptor 9: PCI system error Data Format 9: Multiple-event handle Descriptor 10: System limit exceeded Data Format 10: Multiple-event system management Descriptor 11: OEM-specific Data Format 11: POST results bitmap //物理內存陣列 Physical Memory Array Location: System Board Or Motherboard Use: System Memory Error Correction Type: Multi-bit ECC Maximum Capacity: 96 GB Number Of Devices: 12 //內存陣列映射地址 Memory Array Mapped Address Starting Address: 0x00000000000 Ending Address: 0x000C00003FF Range Size: 3 GB Partition Width: 1 //內存設備 Memory Device Total Width: 72 bits Data Width: 79 bits Size: 16384 MB Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: DIMM_A1 Bank Locator: BANK0 Type: DDR3 Type Detail: None Speed: 1333 MHz Manufacturer: Manufacturer00 Serial Number: D8CC0900 Asset Tag: AssetTagNum0 Part Number: TS2GKR72V3H //內存設備映射地址 Memory Device Mapped Address Starting Address: 0x00000000000 Ending Address: 0x000000003FF Range Size: 1 kB Partition Row Position: 1 Interleave Position: Unknown Interleaved Data Depth: 2 //系統引導 System Boot Information Status: No errors detected IPMI Device Information Interface Type: KCS (Keyboard Control Style) Specification Version: 2.0 I2C Slave Address: 0x10 NV Storage Device Address: 10 Base Address: 0x0000000000000CA2 (I/O) Register Spacing: Successive Byte Boundaries
Linux dmidecode 命令