效能測試--InfluxDB+Grafana+Jmeter搭建效能監控平臺
阿新 • • 發佈：2020-10-07
前戲
Jmeter原生測試報告有如下缺點
- 不具備實時性
- 報告中的資料是測試時間段內的平均值
- 醜
在如上缺點中，就誕生了效能監控平臺，效能監控平臺比jmeter的優勢如下
- 實時展示Jmeter壓測資料
- 資料範圍可選
- 介面美觀
效能監控平臺的組成如下
- Jmeter：壓測工具，產生壓測資料
- InfluxDB：開源時序資料庫，特別適合用於處理和分析資源監控資料，用於儲存壓測資料。
- Grefana：度量分析與視覺化圖示展示工具，可以支援不同種類的資料來源，用於儲存與InfluxDB中的資料以圖示的形式展示出來。
InfluxDB部署
自從學會了docker之後，所有的環境部署我都會優先考慮docker，部署起來簡單方便
部署之前確保自己已經安裝了docker並且啟動了，如何部署檢視我的docker文章。
1.下載influxDB映象
docker pull influxdb
2.下載完檢視映象
docker images
3.啟動 influxDB 容器，將新 influxDB 容器命名為 jmeterdb, 執⾏docker建立容易命令：
docker run -d -p 8086:8086 -p 8083:8083 --name=jmeterdb influxdb
4.執⾏如下命令進⼊容器內部
docker exec -it jmeterdb /bin/bash
5.在容器內部建立一個數據庫，用於收集jmeter傳送的壓測資料
執行influx命令進入命令臺
使用show databases;檢視已存在的資料庫，只有一個_internal
6.我們建立一個名為jmeter的資料庫，用來存放我們的資料
將jmeter收集到的資料傳送給influxdb
上面我們已經在我們的伺服器上搭建好了influxdb，並且建立了一個數據庫，名為jmeter。現在我們就用jmeter往influxdb裡傳送資料。
在Jmeter中新增BackendListener元件，用於收集資料併發送給influxdb
預設頁面如下
在 Backend Listener implementation 中選擇InfluxdbBackendListenerClient （注意：必須使⽤jmeter 5.0以上版本，否則需要單獨裝外掛才可以看到這個元件）
- 在influxdbURL中將實際的influxdb hostname填寫進去
- 在application中填寫你的應用名稱，也可以不改
- 在 tetestTile 中可以修改，也可以不改
- 其他配置儲存不變
執行Jmeter，然後在influxdb中檢驗是否已經能夠接收到資料
搭建grafana
上面我們已經搭建好了influxdb，並且將jmeter產生的資料存在了influxdb的資料庫裡。這時候就需要一個工具將influxdb的資料讀取出來並展示。grafana就是用來展示資料的
這裡我們也是使用docker部署
1.下載映象
docker pull grafana/grafana
2.啟動映象
docker run -d -p 3000:3000 --name=jmeterGrafana grafana/grafana
3.訪問Grafana的控制檯，驗證是否正常執行
預設使用者名稱/密碼： admin/admin，登入之後跳過修改密碼
直接跳過修改密碼就可以了
我們已經登入成功了，這時候我們就要配置我們的grafana了，步驟如下
單擊 Save & Test 按鈕，確認返回訊息提示正確確認資訊
如果測試通過的話，我們點選左邊的+，選擇jmeter，匯入JmeterDashboard
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"object:4298", "builtIn": 1, "datasource": "$data_source", "enable": true, "hide": false, "iconColor": "rgba(0, 211, 255, 1)", "limit": 100, "name": "Start/stop marker", "query": "select text from events where $timeFilter", "showIn": 0, "textColumn": "", "type": "dashboard" } ] }, "description": "Monitor your Apache JMeter load test in real time with InfluxDB and Grafana.\r\nGet overall summary, errors details and particular transaction response times.", "editable": true, "gnetId": 5496, "graphTooltip": 0, "id": 5, "iteration": 1523369228272, "links": [], "panels": [ { "collapsed": false, "gridPos": { "h": 1, "w": 24, "x": 0, "y": 0 }, "id": 33, "panels": [], "repeat": null, "title": "Summary", "type": "row" }, { "cacheTimeout": null, "colorBackground": false, "colorValue": true, "colors": [ "#299c46", "#e5ac0e", "#d44a3a" ], "datasource": "$data_source", "decimals": 0, "format": "none", "gauge": { "maxValue": 100, "minValue": 0, "show": false, "thresholdLabels": false, "thresholdMarkers": true }, "gridPos": { "h": 7, "w": 4, "x": 0, "y": 1 }, "height": "", "id": 26, "interval": "[[send_interval]]s", "links": [], "mappingType": 1, "mappingTypes": [ { "name": "value to text", "value": 1 }, { "name": "range to text", "value": 2 } ], "maxDataPoints": 100, "nullPointMode": "connected", "nullText": null, "postfix": " Requests", "postfixFontSize": "50%", "prefix": "", "prefixFontSize": "50%", "rangeMaps": [ { "from": "null", "text": "N/A", "to": "null" } ], "sparkline": { "fillColor": "rgba(31, 118, 189, 0.18)", "full": false, "lineColor": "#e5ac0e", "show": false }, "tableColumn": "", "targets": [ { "dsType": "influxdb", "groupBy": [ { "params": [ "$__interval" ], "type": "time" }, { "params": [ "null" ], "type": "fill" } ], "orderByTime": "ASC", "policy": "default", "query": "SELECT sum(\"count\") FROM \"$measurement_name\" WHERE (\"application\" =~ /^$application$/ AND \"transaction\" = 'all') AND $timeFilter GROUP BY time($__interval) fill(null)", "rawQuery": true, "refId": "A", "resultFormat": "time_series", "select": [ [ { "params": [ "value" ], "type": "field" }, { "params": [], "type": "mean" } ] ], "tags": [] } ], "thresholds": "", "title": "Total Requests", "type": "singlestat", "valueFontSize": "80%", "valueMaps": [ { "op": "=", "text": "0", "value": "null" } ], "valueName": "total" }, { "cacheTimeout": null, "colorBackground": false, "colorValue": true, "colors": [ "#299c46", "#e24d42", "#d44a3a" ], "datasource": "$data_source", "decimals": 0, "format": "none", "gauge": { "maxValue": 100, "minValue": 0, "show": false, "thresholdLabels": false, "thresholdMarkers": true }, "gridPos": { "h": 7, "w": 4, "x": 4, "y": 1 }, "height": "", "id": 28, "interval": "[[send_interval]]s", "links": [], "mappingType": 1, "mappingTypes": [ { "name": "value to text", "value": 1 }, { "name": "range to text", "value": 2 } ], "maxDataPoints": 100, "nullPointMode": "connected", "nullText": null, "postfix": " Failed", "postfixFontSize": "50%", "prefix": "", "prefixFontSize": "50%", "rangeMaps": [ { "from": "null", "text": "N/A", "to": "null" } ], "sparkline": { "fillColor": "rgba(31, 118, 189, 0.18)", "full": false, "lineColor": "#bf1b00", "show": false }, "tableColumn": "", "targets": [ { "dsType": "influxdb", "groupBy": [ { "params": [ "$__interval" ], "type": "time" }, { "params": [ "null" ], "type": "fill" } ], "orderByTime": "ASC", "policy": "default", "query": "SELECT sum(\"countError\") FROM \"$measurement_name\" WHERE (\"transaction\" = 'all' AND \"application\" =~ /^$application$/) AND $timeFilter GROUP BY time($__interval) fill(null)", "rawQuery": true, "refId": "A", "resultFormat": "time_series", "select": [ [ { "params": [ "value" ], "type": "field" }, { "params": [], "type": "mean" } ] ], "tags": [] } ], "thresholds": "", "title": "Failed Requests", "type": "singlestat", "valueFontSize": "80%", "valueMaps": [ { "op": "=", "text": "0", "value": "null" } ], "valueName": "total" }, { "cacheTimeout": null, 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"orderByTime": "ASC", "policy": "default", "query": "SELECT sum(\"rb\") FROM \"$measurement_name\" WHERE (\"transaction\" = 'all' AND \"application\" =~ /^$application$/) AND $timeFilter ", "rawQuery": true, "refId": "A", "resultFormat": "time_series", "select": [ [ { "params": [ "value" ], "type": "field" }, { "params": [], "type": "mean" } ] ], "tags": [] } ], "thresholds": "", "title": "Received Bytes", "type": "singlestat", "valueFontSize": "80%", "valueMaps": [ { "op": "=", "text": "0", "value": "null" } ], "valueName": "total" }, { "cacheTimeout": null, "colorBackground": false, "colorValue": true, "colors": [ "#299c46", "#e24d42", "#d44a3a" ], "datasource": "$data_source", "decimals": 0, "format": "bytes", "gauge": { "maxValue": 100, "minValue": 0, "show": false, "thresholdLabels": false, "thresholdMarkers": true }, "gridPos": { "h": 7, "w": 4, "x": 12, "y": 1 }, "height": "", "id": 37, "interval": "[[send_interval]]s", "links": [], "mappingType": 1, "mappingTypes": [ { "name": 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Bytes", "type": "singlestat", "valueFontSize": "80%", "valueMaps": [ { "op": "=", "text": "0", "value": "null" } ], "valueName": "total" }, { "cacheTimeout": null, "colorBackground": false, "colorValue": true, "colors": [ "#299c46", "#ef843c", "#e24d42" ], "datasource": "$data_source", "decimals": 2, "format": "percentunit", "gauge": { "maxValue": 1, "minValue": 0, "show": true, "thresholdLabels": false, "thresholdMarkers": true }, "gridPos": { "h": 7, "w": 8, "x": 16, "y": 1 }, "id": 29, "interval": "[[send_interval]]s", "links": [], "mappingType": 1, "mappingTypes": [ { "name": "value to text", "value": 1 }, { "name": "range to text", "value": 2 } ], "maxDataPoints": 100, "nullPointMode": "connected", "nullText": null, "postfix": "", "postfixFontSize": "50%", "prefix": "", "prefixFontSize": "50%", "rangeMaps": [ { "from": "null", "text": "N/A", "to": "null" } ], "sparkline": { "fillColor": "rgba(31, 118, 189, 0.18)", "full": false, "lineColor": "rgb(31, 120, 193)", "show": false }, "tableColumn": "", "targets": [ { "dsType": "influxdb", "groupBy": [ { "params": [ "$__interval" ], "type": "time" }, { "params": [ "null" ], "type": "fill" } ], "orderByTime": "ASC", "policy": "default", "query": "SELECT sum(\"error\") / sum(\"all\") FROM (SELECT sum(\"count\") AS \"all\" FROM \"$measurement_name\" WHERE \"transaction\" = 'all' AND \"application\" =~ /^$application$/ AND $timeFilter GROUP BY time($__interval) fill(null)), (SELECT sum(\"countError\") AS \"error\" FROM \"$measurement_name\" WHERE \"transaction\" = 'all' AND \"application\" =~ /^$application$/ AND $timeFilter GROUP BY time($__interval) fill(null))", "rawQuery": true, "refId": "A", "resultFormat": "time_series", "select": [ [ { "params": [ "value" ], "type": "field" }, { "params": [], "type": "mean" } ] ], "tags": [] } ], "thresholds": "0,0.01", "title": "Error Rate %", "type": "singlestat", "valueFontSize": "50%", "valueMaps": [ { "op": "=", "text": "0", "value": "null" } ], "valueName": "total" }, { "aliasColors": { "No of Errors": "#6ED0E0", "Req / s": "#6ed0e0", "Req / sec": "#65c5db" }, "bars": false, "dashLength": 10, "dashes": false, "datasource": "$data_source", "decimals": 2, "editable": true, "error": false, "fill": 7, "gridPos": { "h": 7, "w": 8, "x": 0, "y": 8 }, "id": 4, "interval": "[[send_interval]]s", "legend": { "alignAsTable": true, "avg": true, "current": false, "max": true, "min": true, "rightSide": false, "show": true, "sort": null, "sortDesc": null, "total": false, "values": true }, "lines": true, "linewidth": 1, "links": [], "nullPointMode": "null", "percentage": false, "pointradius": 1, "points": false, "renderer": "flot", "seriesOverrides": [], "spaceLength": 10, "stack": false, "steppedLine": false, "targets": [ { "alias": "Req / s", "dsType": "influxdb", "groupBy": [ { "params": [ "$__interval" ], "type": "time" } ], "measurement": "jmeter", "orderByTime": "ASC", "policy": "default", "query": "SELECT mean(\"count\") / $send_interval FROM \"$measurement_name\" WHERE (\"transaction\" = 'all' AND \"application\" =~ /^$application$/) AND $timeFilter GROUP BY time($__interval) fill(null)", "rawQuery": true, "refId": "B", "resultFormat": "time_series", "select": [ [ { "params": [ "count" ], "type": "field" }, { "params": [], "type": "last" } ] ], "tags": [ { "key": "transaction", "operator": "=", "value": "all" }, { "condition": "AND", "key": "application", "operator": "=~", "value": "/^$application$/" } ] } ], "thresholds": [], "timeFrom": null, "timeShift": null, "title": "Total Throughput", "tooltip": { "msResolution": false, "shared": true, "sort": 0, "value_type": "individual" }, "type": "graph", "xaxis": { "buckets": null, "mode": "time", "name": null, "show": true, "values": [] }, "yaxes": [ { "format": "short", "label": null, "logBase": 1, "max": null, "min": null, "show": true }, { "format": "short", "label": null, "logBase": 1, "max": null, "min": null, "show": false } ] }, { "aliasColors": { "No of Errors": "#BF1B00", "Num of Errors": "#bf1b00" }, "bars": false, "dashLength": 10, "dashes": false, "datasource": "$data_source", "decimals": 0, "editable": true, "error": false, "fill": 7, "gridPos": { "h": 7, "w": 8, "x": 8, "y": 8 }, "id": 2, "interval": "[[send_interval]]s", "legend": { "alignAsTable": true, "avg": false, "current": false, "max": false, "min": false, "rightSide": false, "show": true, "total": true, "values": true }, "lines": true, "linewidth": 1, "links": [], "nullPointMode": "null", "percentage": false, "pointradius": 1, "points": false, "renderer": "flot", "seriesOverrides": [], "spaceLength": 10, "stack": false, "steppedLine": false, "targets": [ { "alias": "Num of Errors", "dsType": "influxdb", "groupBy": [ { "params": [ "$aggregation" ], "type": "time" }, { "params": [ "null" ], "type": "fill" } ], "measurement": "jmeter", "orderByTime": "ASC", "policy": "default", "query": "SELECT sum(\"countError\") FROM \"$measurement_name\" WHERE (\"transaction\" = 'all' AND \"application\" =~ /^$application$/) AND $timeFilter GROUP BY time($__interval) fill(null)", "rawQuery": true, "refId": "B", "resultFormat": "time_series", "select": [ [ { "params": [ "countError" ], "type": "field" }, { "params": [], "type": "sum" } ] ], "tags": [ { "key": "transaction", "operator": "=", "value": "all" }, { "condition": "AND", "key": "application", "operator": "=~", "value": "/^$application$/" } ] } ], "thresholds": [], "timeFrom": null, "timeShift": null, "title": "Total Errors", "tooltip": { "msResolution": false, "shared": true, "sort": 0, "value_type": "individual" }, "type": "graph", "xaxis": { "buckets": null, "mode": "time", "name": null, "show": true, "values": [] }, "yaxes": [ { "decimals": 0, "format": "short", "label": null, "logBase": 1, "max": null, "min": null, "show": true }, { "format": "short", "label": null, "logBase": 1, "max": null, "min": null, "show": false } ] }, { "aliasColors": { "Threads": "#614d93", "threads": "#614d93" }, "bars": false, "dashLength": 10, "dashes": false, "datasource": "$data_source", "decimals": 0, "fill": 7, "gridPos": { "h": 7, "w": 8, "x": 16, "y": 8 }, "id": 31, "interval": "[[send_interval]]s", "legend": { "alignAsTable": true, "avg": false, "current": true, "max": false, "min": false, "show": true, "total": false, "values": true }, "lines": true, "linewidth": 1, "links": [], "nullPointMode": "null", "percentage": false, "pointradius": 5, "points": false, "renderer": "flot", "seriesOverrides": [], "spaceLength": 10, "stack": false, "steppedLine": false, "targets": [ { "alias": "Threads", "dsType": "influxdb", "groupBy": [ { "params": [ "$__interval" ], "type": "time" }, { "params": [ "null" ], "type": "fill" } ], "orderByTime": "ASC", "policy": "default", "query": "SELECT last(\"maxAT\") FROM \"$measurement_name\" WHERE (\"transaction\" = 'internal' AND \"application\" =~ /^$application$/) AND $timeFilter GROUP BY time($__interval) fill(null)", "rawQuery": true, "refId": "A", "resultFormat": "time_series", "select": [ [ { "params": [ "value" ], "type": "field" }, { "params": [], "type": "mean" } ] ], "tags": [] } ], "thresholds": [], "timeFrom": null, "timeShift": null, "title": "Active Threads", "tooltip": { "shared": true, "sort": 0, "value_type": "individual" }, "type": "graph", "xaxis": { "buckets": null, "mode": "time", "name": null, "show": true, "values": [] }, "yaxes": [ { "decimals": 0, "format": "short", "label": null, "logBase": 1, "max": null, "min": null, "show": true }, { "format": "short", "label": null, "logBase": 1, "max": null, "min": null, "show": true } ] }, { "aliasColors": { "banner": "#508642" }, "bars": false, "dashLength": 10, "dashes": false, "datasource": "$data_source", "decimals": 2, "editable": true, "error": false, "fill": 1, "gridPos": { "h": 7, "w": 24, "x": 0, "y": 15 }, "height": "", "id": 23, "interval": "[[send_interval]]s", "legend": { "alignAsTable": true, "avg": true, "current": false, "hideEmpty": false, "hideZero": false, "max": 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\"jmeter\" WITH KEY = \"transaction\" WHERE \"application\" =~ /^$application$/ AND \"transaction\" != 'internal' AND \"transaction\" != 'all'", "refresh": 1, "regex": "", "sort": 0, "tagValuesQuery": null, "tags": [], "tagsQuery": null, "type": "query", "useTags": false }, { "current": { "text": "jmeter", "value": "jmeter" }, "hide": 2, "label": "Measurement name", "name": "measurement_name", "options": [ { "text": "jmeter", "value": "jmeter" } ], "query": "jmeter", "type": "constant" }, { "current": { "text": "5", "value": "5" }, "hide": 2, "label": "Backend send interval in second", "name": "send_interval", "options": [ { "text": "5", "value": "5" } ], "query": "5", "type": "constant" } ] }, "time": { "from": "now-5m", "to": "now" }, "timepicker": { "refresh_intervals": [ "5s", "10s", "30s", "1m", "5m", "15m", "30m", "1h", "2h", "1d" ], "time_options": [ "5m", "15m", "1h", "6h", "12h", "24h", "2d", "7d", "30d" ] }, "timezone": "browser", "title": "JMeter Dashboard", "version": 4 }json檔案，也可以去網上找
點選load後進入如下頁面
點選import進入如下介面
更多Grafana Dashboard 可以參考官⽹：https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards?dataSource=influxdb
InfluxDB+Grafana+Jmeter實戰
前面我們已經將influxdb和Grafana搭建好了，現在我們使用jmeter施壓，看Grafana上有沒有資料產生。
當我們啟動jmeter壓測的時候，很明顯可以看到grafana上的資料在發生變化，這樣我們就可以根據grafana產生的報告來進行效能分析了