CentOS7.5使用mysql_multi方式安裝MySQL5.7.28多例項(詳解)
阿新 • • 發佈：2020-02-01
因使用原始碼安裝的MySQL5.7.28多例項，在匯入資料庫時會出現問題，所以重新研究使用mysql_multi的方法來管理多例項，經過測試環境驗證之後，在各方面使用上特別在備份還原上，沒有報MySQL5.7.28多例項的問題，踩了不少坑，這裡我將我的部署過程分享下，如果在哪裡出問題的，還請多多指正與指導，謝謝！！
參考文章：Centos7.5安裝mysql5.7.24二進位制包方式部署
https://www.jb51.net/article/151867.htm
本從就直接從2.7章節開始安裝mysql多例項，具體部署過程如下：
2.7 安裝mysql多例項
2.7.1. 建立軟體安裝目錄(部署路徑請根據實際修改)
[[email protected]~]# mkdir -pv /data/mysql/{3306,3307} [[email protected]~]# mkdir -v /data/mysql/3306/{logs,data,binlog} [[email protected]~]# mkdir -v /data/mysql/3307/{logs,binlog}
2.7.2. MySQL安裝包下載
[[email protected]~]# cd /opt [[email protected]~]# wget -c https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz [[email protected]~]# tar zxvf mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz [[email protected]~]# mv mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql [[email protected]~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql [[email protected]~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data
2.7.3. MySQL引數配置
配置my.cnf引數檔案
（1）server_id=3306與server_id=3307數值請根據實際配置，注意配置的id值與區域網內其他各例項所配置的數值不可以衝突；
（2）max_connections=1000配置MySQL資料庫的最大連線數，根據實際需要配置，其他引數的優化根據實際需要修改或添
加；
（3）配置檔案全部內容如下
[[email protected]~]# vim /etc/my.cnf [mysqld_multi] mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin log = /data/mysql/mysqld_multi.log #user=root #pass= [mysql] prompt="\[email protected] \R:\m:\s [\d]> " no-auto-rehash [mysqld3306] user = mysql port = 3306 symbolic-links = 0 #basedir = /usr/ datadir = /data/mysql/3306/data socket = /data/mysql/3306/mysql3306.sock pid-file = /data/mysql/3306/mysqld3306.pid server_id = 3306 character_set_server = utf8 max_connections = 1000 skip_name_resolve = 1 open_files_limit = 65536 thread_cache_size = 64 table_open_cache = 4096 table_definition_cache = 1024 table_open_cache_instances = 64 max_prepared_stmt_count = 1048576 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true log_timestamps = system binlog_format = row log_bin = /data/mysql/3306/binlog/mysql-bin binlog_rows_query_log_events = on expire_logs_days = 7 binlog_cache_size = 4M max_binlog_cache_size = 2G max_binlog_size = 1G sync_binlog = 1 log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1 slow_query_log = on slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/3306/data/slow.log log-error = /data/mysql/3306/logs/error.log log_queries_not_using_indexes = on long_query_time = 1.000000 gtid_mode = on enforce_gtid_consistency = on default_storage_engine = innodb default_tmp_storage_engine = innodb innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:12M:autoextend:max:2000M innodb_temp_data_file_path = ibtmp1:12M:autoextend:max:2000M innodb_buffer_pool_filename = ib_buffer_pool innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_log_file_size = 512M innodb_online_alter_log_max_size = 1024M innodb_open_files = 4096 innodb_page_size = 16k innodb_thread_concurrency = 0 innodb_read_io_threads = 4 innodb_write_io_threads = 4 innodb_purge_threads = 4 innodb_page_cleaners = 4 innodb_print_all_deadlocks = on innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 20 innodb_spin_wait_delay = 128 innodb_autoinc_lock_mode = 2 innodb_io_capacity = 200 innodb_io_capacity_max = 2000 #innodb_flush_neighbors = innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M innodb_flush_log_at_timeout = 1 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 4 autocommit = 1 innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct = 25 innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = ON innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = ON [mysqld3307] user = mysql port = 3307 symbolic-links = 0 lower_case_table_names = 1 #basedir = /usr/ datadir = /data/mysql/3307/data socket = /data/mysql/3307/mysql3307.sock pid-file = /data/mysql/3307/mysqld3307.pid server_id = 3307 character_set_server = utf8 max_connections = 1000 skip_name_resolve = 1 open_files_limit = 65536 thread_cache_size = 64 table_open_cache = 4096 table_definition_cache = 1024 table_open_cache_instances = 64 max_prepared_stmt_count = 1048576 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true log_timestamps = system binlog_format = row log_bin = /data/mysql/3307/binlog/mysql-bin binlog_rows_query_log_events = on expire_logs_days = 7 binlog_cache_size = 4M max_binlog_cache_size = 2G max_binlog_size = 1G sync_binlog = 1 slow_query_log = on slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/3307/data/slow.log log-error = /data/mysql/3307/logs/error.log log_queries_not_using_indexes = on long_query_time = 1.000000 gtid_mode = on enforce_gtid_consistency = on default_storage_engine = innodb default_tmp_storage_engine = innodb innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:12M:autoextend:max:2000M innodb_temp_data_file_path = ibtmp1:12M:autoextend:max:2000M innodb_buffer_pool_filename = ib_buffer_pool innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_log_file_size = 512M innodb_online_alter_log_max_size = 1024M innodb_open_files = 4096 innodb_page_size = 16k innodb_thread_concurrency = 0 innodb_read_io_threads = 4 innodb_write_io_threads = 4 innodb_purge_threads = 4 innodb_page_cleaners = 4 innodb_print_all_deadlocks = on innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 20 innodb_spin_wait_delay = 128 innodb_autoinc_lock_mode = 2 innodb_io_capacity = 200 innodb_io_capacity_max = 2000 #innodb_flush_neighbors = innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M innodb_flush_log_at_timeout = 1 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 4 autocommit = 1 innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct = 25 innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = ON innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = ON [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 32M
2.7.4. 配置MySQL環境變數
[[email protected]~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' >> /etc/profile [[email protected]~]# tail -1 /etc/profile [[email protected]~]# source /etc/profile
2.7.5. testone例項初始化
操作例項初始化
[[email protected]~]# mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/3306/data/ > /tmp/3306.log 2>&1 [[email protected]~]# tail -100f /tmp/3306.log ---使用tail命令檢視初始化日誌，有出現如下內容，即表示初始化完成（其中#5+t+xYW+<t?即為root使用者的臨時密碼） A temporary password is generated for [email protected]: #5+t+xYW+<t?
生成ssl檔案
[[email protected]~]# mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/3306/data
啟動testone例項
[[email protected]~]# mysqld_multi start 3306 [[email protected]~]# tail -100f /data/mysql/3306/logs/error.log ----使用tail命令檢視啟動日誌，有出現即表示啟動成功 Version: '5.7.28-log' socket: '/data/mysql/3306/mysql3306.sock' port: 3306 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
修改root密碼
[[email protected]~]# less /tmp/3306.log | grep 'A temporary password' [[email protected]~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3306/mysql3306.sock Enter password: mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '統一密碼'; mysql> flush privileges; mysql> exit;
驗證 testone root使用者統一密碼（介面正常輸出information_schema內容表示正常）
[[email protected]~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3306/mysql3306.sock -e "show databases;" | grep information_schema Enter password:
修改my.cnf配置檔案，將修改的統一密碼，新增到配置檔案中
[[email protected]~]# sed -i "[email protected]^#[email protected][email protected]" /etc/my.cnf [[email protected]~]# sed -i "[email protected]^#[email protected]=統一密碼@g" /etc/my.cnf [[email protected]~]# cat /etc/my.cnf | grep pass= ---使用cat命令檢視配置檔案pass欄位輸出的結果是否一致
停止testone例項
[[email protected]~]# mysqld_multi stop 3306 [[email protected]~]# netstat -tnlp|grep 3306 ---輸入結果為空表示服務停止正常
2.7.6. testtwo例項初始化
操作例項初始化
[[email protected]~]# mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/3307/data/ > /tmp/3307.log 2>&1 [[email protected]~]# tail -100f /tmp/3307.log ---使用tail命令檢視初始化日誌，有出現如下內容，即表示初始化完成（其中-pn>t;Ye)Ay6=I即為root使用者的臨時密碼） A temporary password is generated for [email protected]: -pn>t;Ye)Ay6=I 生成ssl檔案 [[email protected]~]# mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/3307/data
啟動testwo例項
[[email protected]~]# mysqld_multi start 3307
----使用tail命令檢視啟動日誌，有出現即表示啟動成功
[[email protected]~]# tail -100f /data/mysql/3307/logs/error.log Version: '5.7.28-log' socket: '/data/mysql/3307/mysql3307.sock' port: 3307 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
修改root密碼
[[email protected]~]# less /tmp/3307.log|grep 'A temporary password' [[email protected]~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3307/mysql3307.sock Enter password: mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '統一密碼'; mysql> flush privileges; mysql> exit;
驗證 testtwo root使用者統一密碼（介面正常輸出information_schema內容表示正常）
[[email protected]~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3307/mysql3307.sock -e "show databases;" | grep information_schema
Enter password:
停止testtwo例項
[[email protected]~]# mysqld_multi stop 3307 [[email protected]~]# netstat -tnlp|grep 3307 ---輸入結果為空表示服務停止正常
2.7.7. mysqld_multi多例項管理命令
啟動全部例項
[[email protected]~]# mysqld_multi start
停止單個例項
[[email protected]~]# mysqld_multi stop 3306 [[email protected]~]# mysqld_multi stop 3307
啟動單個例項
[[email protected]~]# mysqld_multi start 3306 [[email protected]~]# mysqld_multi start 3307
檢視全部例項的狀態(is running)
[[email protected]~]# mysqld_multi report Reporting MySQL servers MySQL server from group: mysqld3306 is running MySQL server from group: mysqld3307 is running
檢視單個例項狀態
[[email protected]~]# mysqld_multi report 3306 Reporting MySQL servers MySQL server from group: mysqld3306 is running [[email protected]~]# mysqld_multi report 3307 Reporting MySQL servers MySQL server from group: mysqld3307 is running
停止全部例項
[[email protected]~]# mysqld_multi stop
2.7.8. 資料匯入
（1）將待匯入的資料庫指令碼（test.sql、testtwo.sql）檔案（名稱根據實際情況操作）上傳至/data/路徑下
（2）使用命令確認兩例項已經處於執行狀態
[[email protected]~]# mysqld_multi report Reporting MySQL servers MySQL server from group: mysqld3306 is running MySQL server from group: mysqld3307 is running
（3）進入testone的mysql資料庫建立testone資料庫例項、使用者名稱及密碼並匯入資料
[[email protected]~]# cd /data/ [[email protected]~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3306/mysql3306.sock Enter password: mysql>create database testone default character set utf8 collate utf8_bin; mysql> grant select,insert,update,delete,create,alter,execute on testone.* to 'testone'@'%' identified by '密碼'; mysql> flush privileges; mysql> exit [[email protected]~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3306/mysql3306.sock testone < /data/test.sql
（3）進入testtwo的mysql資料庫，建立testtwo服務資料庫例項、使用者名稱與密碼並匯入資料
[[email protected]~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3307/mysql3307.sock Enter password: mysql> create database testtwo default character set utf8 collate utf8_bin; mysql> grant select,execute on testtwo.* to 'testtwo'@'%' identified by '密碼'; mysql> flush privileges; mysql> exit [[email protected]~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3307/mysql3307.sock testtwo < /data/testtwo.sql
2.7.9. 防火牆配置
根據實際要求，新增開放埠
[[email protected]~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent [[email protected]~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3307/tcp --permanent
重新載入
[[email protected]~]# firewall-cmd --reload
總結
以上所述是小編給大家介紹的CentOS7.5使用mysql_multi方式安裝MySQL5.7.28多例項，希望對大家有所幫助，如果大家有任何疑問請給我留言，小編會及時回覆大家的。在此也非常感謝大家對我們網站的支援！如果你覺得本文對你有幫助，歡迎轉載，煩請註明出處，謝謝！