網件交換機設定trunk_Xbox 360不會自動登入到實時狀態-已修復，因為NetGear託管GS724TP交換機中的RSTP和生成樹設定...
網件交換機設定trunk
You change something months ago, then noticed an unrelated problem weeks later, then it takes a year to figure out that they were related.
您在幾個月前進行了更改，然後在幾周後發現了一個不相關的問題，然後花了一年的時間才弄清它們是否相關。
"A butterfly flaps its wings in Brazil and my Xbox stops getting a DHCP lease reliably."
“一隻蝴蝶在巴西扇動翅膀，而我的Xbox卻無法可靠地獲得DHCP租約。”
A few months back, as my wife recalls, the Xbox in the living room stopped automatically logging into Xbox live. It was irritating in that "First World Problem" kind of way. We use the Xbox for Netflix and Hulu and she uses Zumba and some other Kinect Fitness stuff so it was a daily reminder to me that "Daddy is a lousy IT guy.
正如我妻子回憶的那樣，幾個月前，客廳中的Xbox停止自動登入Xbox Live。 這種“第一世界問題”的方式令人惱火。 我們將Xbox用於Netflix和Hulu，而她使用Zumba和其他Kinect Fitness產品，因此每天都在提醒我：“爸爸是一個糟糕的IT專家。 ”
I don't remember when it stopped working other than it did. I set static leases in the main router. Then I set static IP addresses in the router. The ONLY thing that would fix it was to get the Xbox to Refresh/Renew the IP Address (even when it was static!) by going into the System menu of My Xbox, then Network Settings, Configure Network, then Additional Settings, then Restore to Factory Defaults. <sarcasm>Let me say that the wife LOVED this.</sarcasm>
我不記得它什麼時候停止工作了。 我在主路由器中設定了靜態租約。 然後，我在路由器中設定靜態IP地址。 唯一可以解決該問題的方法是，通過進入“我的Xbox”的“系統”選單，“網路設定”，“配置網路”，“其他設定”，“還原”，使Xbox重新整理/更新IP地址(即使它是靜態的！)。恢復出廠預設設定。 <sarcasm>讓我說妻子喜歡這個。</ sarcasm>
Unrelated to this issue, a few weeks back I lost some save games on my now dead PS3 so tonight I decided to go and backup all my Xbox save games onto a new USB stick. I started with the Xbox in my office, but it wouldn't log in. This set off a spark in my head. I've got literally 34 happy devices with IP Addresses in my house (don't ask) from various vendors but the two Xboxen won't login? OK, that can't be me.
與這個問題無關，幾周前，我在已經死了的PS3上丟失了一些儲存遊戲，所以今晚我決定去將所有Xbox儲存遊戲備份到新的USB記憶棒上。 我從辦公室裡的Xbox開始，但無法登入。這引起了我的火花。 我家中有34個帶有IP地址的快樂裝置，這些裝置帶有IP地址(不要問)，但是有兩個Xboxen無法登入？ 好，那不可能是我。
At this point, of course, I'm unable to login to Xbox live easily so I get irritated and decide that I will shift gears and finally get this thing fixed.
當然，在這一點上，我無法輕鬆登入Xbox Live，所以我很惱火，並決定換檔並最終解決此問題。
Even though there's no realistic way that I will bust out the IP Networking textbook from college, hook up WireShark and start sniffing traffic, I like to fool myself into believing that I am that good of a technologist (or that I care THAT much) but the thought brings me comfort.
即使沒有切實可行的方法可以使我擺脫大學的IP網路教科書，連線WireShark並開始嗅探流量，但我還是自欺欺人地認為自己是技術專家的佼佼者(或者我非常在乎)這個想法帶給我安慰。
I start following the wires around from the Xbox to the router, as they are all numbered and labeled in the wiring closet.
我開始跟蹤從Xbox到路由器的所有導線，因為它們都在配線櫃中進行了編號和標記。
Aside: Here's a Bit.ly Bundled Link of the complete "Wiring your house for Gigabit Ethernet 5 PART SERIES" when I wired my house a few years back.
另外：這是幾年前我為房屋佈線時完整的“為千兆乙太網5部分系列為房屋佈線”的捆綁連結。
However, I get lost as there's just so darn many wires in the wiring closet. It's getting crowded.
但是，我迷路了，因為配線室裡的電線太多了。 越來越擁擠了。
I realize, however, that the wires aren't going directly into main Router that gives out IP addresses. They are actually plugged into a lovely Netgear 24-port Gigabit GS724TP Managed Switch. Because I wired the whole house for Gigabit and wanted basically hard drive speeds on the wire, I needed a switch with the chutzpah to push a lot of bandwidth, and this switch was the one. All the wires in the house go into it - including the Xboxen. But which ones?
但是我意識到，這些電線並沒有直接進入分配IP地址的主路由器。 它們實際上已插入可愛的Netgear 24埠千兆GS724TP網管型交換機中。 因為我將整個房子都連線到千兆位，並且基本上希望提高硬碟速度，所以我需要一個帶有chutzpah的交換機來推動大量頻寬，而這個交換機就是其中之一。 房屋中的所有電線都插入其中-包括Xboxen。 但是哪一個呢？
I needed to figure out which cables were the two Xbox cables and plug them directly into the router. I know the MAC addresses of both Xboxes so I logged into the switch's admin console. After failing to remember the password (I set this up 4 years ago, you know) and starting to panic, I tried "password" out of frustration. It worked.
我需要弄清楚兩條Xbox電纜是哪根電纜，然後將它們直接插入路由器。 我知道兩個Xbox的MAC地址，所以我登入了交換機的管理控制檯。 在忘記密碼(我在4年前設定了密碼)並開始感到恐慌之後，我出於無奈而嘗試了“密碼”。 有效。
It shouldn't have.
它不應該。
Why was my password a default password?
為什麼我的密碼是預設密碼？
Something had changed. Oh! I flashed the firmware on this GS724TP switch last year with version 5.0.0.15. It must have reset everything to the defaults.
事情發生了變化。 哦! 去年，我在GS724TP交換機上使用版本5.0.0.15重新整理了韌體。 它必須將所有內容重置為預設值。
Now that I was logged in, I checked out the list of all the MAC Addresses and their associated ports.
現在，我已經登入，我簽出了所有MAC地址及其關聯埠的列表。
They worked. Suddenly a year of obnoxious just stopped. Why?
他們工作了。 突然令人討厭的一年停了下來。 為什麼？
What would cause one device (or class of device) to not get an IP address consistently via DHCP?
是什麼導致一臺裝置(或一類裝置)無法通過DHCP始終獲得IP地址？
There's an article on Windows 2000 called DHCP Renewal Failures on Switched Networks that sounds familiar.
在Windows 2000上有一篇名為《交換網路上的DHCP更新失敗》的文章聽起來很耳熟。
A client connected to an Ethernet switch may not receive a renewed DHCP IP address during startup. Releasing and renewing the IP address manually works.
啟動期間，連線到乙太網交換機的客戶端可能不會收到更新的DHCP IP地址。 手動釋放和更新IP地址是可行的。
There's apparently a magical thing called STP (Spanning Tree Protocol) that is very useful but also totally confusing to me. I have read this Wikipedia twice and I have no idea what it does. I'm sure it's lovely, really.
顯然有一個神奇的東西叫做STP(生成樹協議) ，它非常有用，但也讓我完全困惑。 我已經閱讀了兩次維基百科，但我不知道它的作用。 我敢肯定它真的很可愛。
The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is a network protocol that ensures a loop-free topology for anybridged Ethernet local area network.
Of COURSE it is.
當然是這樣。
O_O
O_O
That is my blank stare, right there, FYI.
僅供參考，那是我的空白凝視。
Interestingly, if you Google with Bing or DuckDuckGo for "spanning tree DHCP" you'll get results with words like "failure," "blamed," "fixed, "slowed down," and "acting strange." Ya, spanning tree rocks.
有趣的是，如果您使用Bing或DuckDuckGo的Google來進行“生成樹DHCP”操作，您將獲得諸如“失敗”，“責備”，“固定”，“慢下來”和“表現奇怪”之類的結果。 。
There's also a version of Spanning Tree called RSTP or Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol. All of these protocols are meant to make things work better and recover faster after a network failure and prevent routing loops. However, they appear to cause some trouble in certain clients, like my Xbox and possibly my iPhone and IPad as well.
還有一個稱為RSTP或快速生成樹協議的生成樹版本。 所有這些協議的目的是使事情變得更好，並在網路故障後更快地恢復，並防止路由環路。 但是，它們似乎在某些客戶端(例如我的Xbox和可能還有我的iPhone和iPad)上引起了一些麻煩。
Here's another explanation:
這是另一個解釋：
The problem might be related to what type of network device the DHCP client is connected to. If the client is connected to a switch that performs a spanning tree calculation during port initialization, then the port the client is connected to may not be available for 10-15 seconds. This is long enough to prevent the DHCP client from renewing or obtaining IP addressing information, and thus preventing the TCP/IP stack from initializing.
問題可能與DHCP客戶端連線到哪種網路裝置有關。 如果客戶端連線到在埠初始化期間執行生成樹計算的交換機，則客戶端連線的埠可能在10到15秒鐘內不可用。 這足夠長，可以防止DHCP客戶端更新或獲取IP地址資訊，從而防止TCP / IP堆疊初始化。
This is not a problem on all switches that perform spanning tree calculations. Some devices will perform the calculations in the background, and thus the port becomes available immediately. Also, this type of functionality is only required on ports that are connected to other switching devices. Therefore you don't really need it enabled on ports that have clients directly connected to them
在執行生成樹計算的所有交換機上這不是問題。 某些裝置將在後臺執行計算，因此該埠將立即可用。 此外，僅在連線到其他交換裝置的埠上才需要這種功能。 因此，您實際上並不需要在直接連線了客戶端的埠上啟用它
A buddy of mine says:
我的一個夥伴說：
[Spanning Tree is] not bad, but it is there to prevent routing loops. If you are sure you won't ever connect that port to another switch and make a routing loop, an alternative to disabling spanning tree is to enable portfast and I bet that would fix it too. The problem is the normal startup procedure for a port running spanning tree is about 20-25 seconds of watching traffic on the port before enabling. Thus, when you turn your Xbox on, it only waits x seconds for a DHCP reply where x is definitely shorter than the time spanning tree takes to enable the port.
[生成樹]不錯，但是可以防止路由迴圈。 如果您確定永遠不會將該埠連線到另一臺交換機並進行路由迴圈，則禁用生成樹的另一種方法是啟用portfast，我敢打賭也可以修復該問題。 問題在於，執行生成樹的埠的正常啟動過程是在啟用埠之前觀察埠流量約20-25秒。 因此，當您開啟Xbox時，它僅等待x秒進行DHCP答覆，其中x肯定比啟用埠所花費的時間短。
Also, deep in this Australian forum was a comment:
Just to clarify that RSTP has a faster up time than STP. I don't think this is going to directly cause the "limited or no connectivity" issue.
只是為了澄清一下，RSTP的啟動時間比STP快。 我認為這不會直接導致“連線受限或無連線”的問題。
However for some devices you need to have the port active right away. On a cisco switch this is called portfast and it skips the process of checking for loops(RSTP, STP). On some devices (xbox 360) this can cause DHCP issues when they're first turned on.
但是，對於某些裝置，您需要立即啟用埠。 在cisco交換機上，這稱為portfast，它跳過檢查迴圈(RSTP，STP)的過程。 在某些裝置(xbox 360)上，這可能在首次開啟時導致DHCP問題。
PCs are generally immune to this as they'll poll for a DHCP service several times while your media device might only try once.
PC通常不會受到影響，因為它們會輪詢DHCP服務幾次，而您的媒體裝置可能只會嘗試一次。
And thus, this is how I fixed the issue with my Xboxes not logging into Live on the first try. I'd flashed a network switch without even thinking and it turned Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol on, which Xboxes (and some other network devices) don't like.
因此，這就是我解決Xbox首次嘗試不登入Live的問題的方式。 我什至沒有想到就閃過一個網路交換機，它打開了快速生成樹協議，而Xbox(和其他一些網路裝置)不喜歡它。
My solution, check the router or switch and turn RSTP or "Spanning Tree" off.
我的解決方法是，檢查路由器或交換機，然後關閉RSTP或“生成樹”。
As an aside, it turns out that I could have even turned off RSTP at the port level on this Netgear GS725TP switch. Amazing hardware, this switch. Love it. Except for when it reset settings to defaults and irritated me for a year.
順便說一句，事實證明，我什至可以在此Netgear GS725TP交換機的埠級別上關閉RSTP。 驚人的硬體，這個開關。 愛它。 除了何時將設定重置為預設值並激怒了我一年。
Related Links
相關連結
Wiring the new house for a Home Network - Part 2 - Design Q&A
Wiring the new house for a Home Network - Part 3 - ISP Hookup
Wiring the house for a Home Network - Part 4 - Thank You Cat 6 Gigabit Ethernet
Wiring the house for a Home Network - Part 5 - Gigabit Throughput and Vista
關於斯科特 (About Scott)
Scott Hanselman is a former professor, former Chief Architect in finance, now speaker, consultant, father, diabetic, and Microsoft employee. He is a failed stand-up comic, a cornrower, and a book author.
斯科特·漢塞爾曼(Scott Hanselman)是前教授，前金融首席架構師，現在是演講者，顧問，父親，糖尿病患者和Microsoft員工。 他是一位失敗的單口相聲漫畫家，一個玉米種植者和一本書的作者。
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