通過Turtle庫在Python中繪製一個鼠年福鼠
阿新 • • 發佈：2020-02-03
turtle庫是一個很經典的繪相簿，其最初來自於1967年創造的logo程式語言，之後被Python編寫放到了Python的內建模組中。網路上有很多借助於turtle繪製精美影象的案例。比如小豬佩奇、皮卡丘、柯基犬等等。趁著新年假期還未結束，今天州的先生（https://zmister.com）為大家帶來一個福鼠的繪製。
一、繪製鼠頭
首先，咱們（https://zmister.com）把鼠的頭給繪製了。鼠頭主要是由圓來構成，臉龐是一個大圓，耳朵、眉毛、眼睛、嘴角和鼻子也都是由不同弧度的圓構成。鼠頭的繪製程式碼如下所示：
def head():
turtle.color('black')
# 臉輪廓
turtle.pd() # 落筆
turtle.circle(50) # 畫一個半徑為50的圓
turtle.pu() # 提筆
# 右耳輪廓
turtle.goto(50,60) # 移動到x=50,y=60的位置
turtle.pd() # 落筆
turtle.circle(30,260) # 畫一個半徑為30，角度為245的圓弧
turtle.pu() # 提筆
# 右耳耳紋
turtle.goto(30,90)
turtle.pd()
turtle.seth(65)
turtle.circle(-30,70)
turtle.pu()
# 左耳輪廓
turtle.goto(-50,60)
turtle.pd()
turtle.seth(180) # 設定方向為西，
turtle.circle(-30,260)
turtle.pu()
# 左耳耳紋
turtle.goto(-30,90)
turtle.pd()
turtle.seth(120)
turtle.circle(30,70)
turtle.pu()
# 面部五官
# 右側眉毛
turtle.goto(5,80)
turtle.seth(20)
turtle.pd()
turtle.circle(-25,40)
turtle.pu()
# 左側眉毛
turtle.goto(-5,80)
turtle.seth(160)
turtle.pd()
turtle.circle(25,40)
turtle.pu()
# 右側眼睛
turtle.begin_poly()
turtle.goto(8,60)
turtle.seth(45)
turtle.pd()
turtle.circle(-15,120)
turtle.pu()
turtle.goto(8,60)
turtle.seth(40)
turtle.pd()
turtle.circle(-15,100)
turtle.pu()
turtle.end_poly()
# 左側眼睛
turtle.goto(-8,60)
turtle.seth(135)
turtle.pd()
turtle.circle(15,120)
turtle.pu()
turtle.goto(-8,60)
turtle.seth(140)
turtle.pd()
turtle.circle(15,100)
turtle.pu()
# 鼻子
# 鼻子上瓣
turtle.goto(-6,45)
turtle.seth(70)
turtle.pd()
turtle.circle(-6,150)
turtle.pu()
# 鼻子下瓣
turtle.goto(-6,45)
turtle.seth(-70)
turtle.pd()
turtle.circle(6,150)
turtle.pu()
# 鼻線
turtle.goto(0,40)
turtle.seth(270)
turtle.pd()
turtle.forward(7)
turtle.pu()
# 上嘴線
turtle.seth(200)
turtle.pd()
turtle.circle(-15,60)
turtle.pu()
turtle.goto(0,33)
turtle.seth(-20)
turtle.pd()
turtle.circle(15,60)
turtle.pu()
# 下嘴線
turtle.goto(10,33)
turtle.seth(260)
turtle.pd()
turtle.circle(-15,65)
turtle.pu()
turtle.goto(-10,33)
turtle.seth(280)
turtle.pd()
turtle.circle(15,65)
turtle.pu()
# 牙齒
turtle.goto(4,33)
turtle.seth(270)
turtle.pd()
turtle.forward(4)
turtle.seth(180)
turtle.forward(8)
turtle.seth(90)
turtle.forward(4)
turtle.pu()
# 鬍鬚
turtle.pensize(2)
turtle.goto(30,30)
turtle.seth(8)
turtle.pd()
turtle.circle(-60,40)
turtle.pu()
turtle.goto(30,25)
turtle.seth(-5)
turtle.pd()
turtle.circle(-60,40)
turtle.pu()
turtle.goto(-30,30)
turtle.seth(172)
turtle.pd()
turtle.circle(60,40)
turtle.pu()
turtle.goto(-30,25)
turtle.seth(188)
turtle.pd()
turtle.circle(60,40)
turtle.pu()
# 睫毛
turtle.pensize(1)
turtle.goto(30,58)
turtle.seth(20)
turtle.pd()
turtle.circle(20,20)
turtle.pu()
turtle.pensize(1)
turtle.goto(28,62)
turtle.seth(25)
turtle.pd()
turtle.circle(20,12)
turtle.pu()
turtle.pensize(1)
turtle.goto(-30,58)
turtle.seth(160)
turtle.pd()
turtle.circle(-20,20)
turtle.pu()
turtle.pensize(1)
turtle.goto(-28,62)
turtle.seth(165)
turtle.pd()
turtle.circle(-20,12)
turtle.pu()執行上述程式碼，我們可以看到鼠頭可以完整地繪製出來了，如下動圖所示：
二、繪製身體
接著，咱們來繪製老鼠的身體。我們（https://zmister.com）畫的這個老鼠是一個穿著財神服站立拱手的老鼠，所以它的身體需要重點突出的是服裝：
def body(): # 左手 turtle.goto(-25,8) turtle.seth(240) turtle.pd() turtle.circle(150,15) turtle.seth(270) turtle.circle(40,15) turtle.circle(15,65) turtle.seth(0) turtle.forward(10) turtle.circle(10,100) turtle.seth(90) turtle.forward(5) turtle.circle(10,100) turtle.seth(180) turtle.forward(10) turtle.pu() # 右手 turtle.goto(25,8) turtle.seth(-60) turtle.pd() turtle.circle(-150,15) turtle.seth(270) turtle.circle(-40,15) turtle.circle(-15,65) turtle.seth(180) turtle.forward(10) turtle.circle(-10,100) turtle.seth(90) turtle.forward(5) turtle.circle(-10,100) turtle.seth(0) turtle.forward(10) turtle.pu() # 袍子 turtle.goto(-30,-48) turtle.seth(270) turtle.pd() turtle.forward(30) turtle.circle(10,100) turtle.seth(0) turtle.forward(38) turtle.circle(10,100) turtle.seth(90) turtle.forward(30) turtle.pu() # 領口 turtle.goto(-20,4) turtle.pd() turtle.seth(300) turtle.circle(30,20) turtle.seth(0) turtle.forward(25) turtle.seth(30) turtle.circle(30,20) turtle.pu() # 官帶 turtle.goto(-7,-38) turtle.seth(0) turtle.pd() turtle.forward(15) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(-30,-54) turtle.pd() turtle.forward(60) turtle.pu() # 袍子上的波浪 turtle.goto(-30,-80) turtle.pd() turtle.seth(90) turtle.circle(-5,180) turtle.seth(90) turtle.circle(-5,180) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(-25,-85) turtle.pd() turtle.seth(90) turtle.circle(-5,180) turtle.pu()
執行上述程式碼，我們可以看到老鼠身體的繪製過程，如下動圖所示：
這裡先不將其匯合在一起，待幾個部件都完成之後，我們再將其組成一個完整地老鼠。
三、繪製手
上面繪製的身體還缺了兩隻手，對了，還有袍子上的一個大金錢，我們將其補上：
def hands(): turtle.goto(-8,-25) turtle.pd() turtle.seth(30) turtle.forward(10) turtle.seth(0) turtle.circle(-10,50) turtle.seth(210) turtle.forward(18) turtle.back(10) turtle.seth(-45) turtle.forward(10) turtle.back(10) turtle.seth(30) turtle.forward(8) turtle.seth(300) turtle.forward(5) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(0,-75) turtle.pd() turtle.seth(0) turtle.circle(10) turtle.seth(90) turtle.circle(10,90) turtle.seth(0) turtle.circle(10,90) turtle.seth(270) turtle.circle(10,90) turtle.seth(180) turtle.circle(10,90) turtle.pu()
拱手和金錢沒有和身體結合在一起時，暫時看不出上面效果來，如下動圖所示：
四、繪製帽子
老鼠還戴了一頂金錢帽，咱們（zmister.com）現在給它加上：
def hat(): # 畫帽子 turtle.goto(-20,98) turtle.pd() turtle.seth(80) turtle.forward(20) turtle.seth(60) turtle.circle(-20,140) turtle.seth(-85) turtle.forward(18) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(-20,98) turtle.pd() turtle.seth(80) turtle.forward(5) turtle.seth(30) turtle.forward(22) turtle.seth(-25) turtle.forward(24) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(0,127) turtle.pd() turtle.seth(0) turtle.circle(5) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(0,125) turtle.pd() turtle.seth(270) turtle.forward(10) turtle.pu() # 右邊抖帶 turtle.goto(19,110) turtle.pd() turtle.seth(30) turtle.circle(40,50) turtle.seth(0) turtle.circle(10) turtle.seth(90) turtle.circle(10,90) turtle.pu() # 左邊抖帶 turtle.goto(-19,110) turtle.pd() turtle.seth(150) turtle.circle(-40,90) turtle.pu()
帽子主要都是由圓構成，其繪製過程如下動圖所示：
五、繪製尾巴
先不著急為老鼠帶上金錢帽，我們還忘記了老鼠有一根長長的尾巴，為它補上吧：
def tail(): turtle.goto(30,-60) turtle.pd() turtle.seth(20) turtle.circle(40,80) turtle.circle(-20,180) turtle.circle(-10,90)
尾巴就是兩個方向相反弧度不同的圓，效果我們就不演示了。最後將其結合在一起：
if __name__ == '__main__': head() body() hands() hat() tail() turtle.done()
我們就可以看到一個完整的鼠年福鼠繪製過程，如下動圖所示：
總結
以上所述是小編給大家介紹的通過Turtle庫在Python中繪製一個鼠年福鼠，希望對大家有幫助！