相信做過自動化運維的同學都用過REST API介面來完成某些動作。API是一套成熟系統所必需的介面，可以被其他系統或指令碼來呼叫，這也是自動化運維的必修課。

本文主要介紹python中呼叫REST API的幾種方式，下面是python中會用到的庫。

• - urllib2
• - httplib2
• - pycurl
• - requests

urllib2

- Sample1

import urllib2,urllib
github_url = 'https://api.github.com/user/repos'
password_manager = urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm()
password_manager.add_password(None,github_url,'user','***')
auth = urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(password_manager) # create an authentication handler
opener = urllib2.build_opener(auth) # create an opener with the authentication handler
urllib2.install_opener(opener) # install the opener... 
request = urllib2.Request(github_url,urllib.urlencode({'name':'Test repo','description': 'Some test repository'})) # Manual encoding required
handler = urllib2.urlopen(request)
print handler.read()

- Sample2

import urllib2
url = 'http://ems.vip.ebay.com/removeSIforcloud.cgi?ip=' + ip
req = urllib2.Request(url)
req.add_header('IAF',abc.token_authiaas)
try:
  resp = urllib2.urlopen(req)
except urllib2.HTTPError,error:
  print "Cannot remove service instance!",error
  sys.exit(1)
response = resp.read()
print response

- Sample3

import urllib2,urllib,base64
url = "https://reparo.stratus.ebay.com/reparo/bootstrap/registerasset/" + rackid + "/" + asset
data = urllib.urlencode({
        'reservedResource':'RR-Hadoop','resourceCapability':'Production','movetoironic':'False','output':'json'
    })
print "Bootstrap Asset jobs starting .............."

base64string = base64.encodestring('%s:%s' % (user,passwd)).replace('\n','')
request = urllib2.Request(url,data,headers={"Authorization" : "Basic %s" % base64string})
response = urllib2.urlopen(request).read()
response_json = json.loads(response)
response_status = response_json['status']
status_code = response_status['statusCode']
status = response_status['status']
message = response_status['message']      
print status_code,status,message

2. httplib2

import urllib,httplib2
github_url = '
h = httplib2.Http(".cache")
h.add_credentials("user","******","
data = urllib.urlencode({"name":"test"})
resp,content = h.request(github_url,"POST",data)
print content

3. pycurl

import pycurl,json
github_url = "
user_pwd = "user:*****"
data = json.dumps({"name": "test_repo","description": "Some test repo"})
c = pycurl.Curl()
c.setopt(pycurl.URL,github_url)
c.setopt(pycurl.USERPWD,user_pwd)
c.setopt(pycurl.POST,1)
c.setopt(pycurl.POSTFIELDS,data)
c.perform()

4. requests

import requests,json
github_url = "
data = json.dumps({'name':'test','description':'some test repo'}) 
r = requests.post(github_url,auth=('user','*****'))
print r.json

以上幾種方式都可以呼叫API來執行動作，但requests這種方式程式碼最簡潔，最清晰，建議採用。

以上就是Python呼叫REST API介面的幾種方式彙總的詳細內容，更多關於Python呼叫REST API介面的資料請關注我們其它相關文章！