如何讓PyQt5中QWebEngineView與JavaScript互動
阿新 • • 發佈：2020-10-22
準備工作
開發環境
- Python 3.8.1
- Windows 10
安裝依賴
pip install PyQt5 pip install PyQtWebEngine
Python端
1.使用QWebChannel的registerObject（"JsBridge名","JsBridge"）方法註冊回撥
- JsBridge名：在JavaScript中呼叫時使用的物件名稱
- JsBridge：被JavaScript呼叫的Python物件
2.JsBridge 物件
- 入參
@QtCore.pyqtSlot(str) def log(self,message): print(message)
- 出參
@QtCore.pyqtSlot(result=str) def getName(self): return "hello"
- 出入參
@QtCore.pyqtSlot(str,result=str) def test(self,message): print(message) return "ok"
JavaScript端
在Html的<head>中新增
<script src='qrc:///qtwebchannel/qwebchannel.js'></script>
呼叫
new QWebChannel(qt.webChannelTransport,function(channel) {
channel.objects.pythonBridge.test("hello",function(arg) {
console.log("Python message: " + arg);
alert(arg);
});
});除錯(Chrome DevTools)
- 配置環境變數：QTWEBENGINE_REMOTE_DEBUGGING = port
- 使用Chromium核心的瀏覽器開啟地址：http://127.0.0.1:port
- 使用PyCharm中可以在執行配置(Run/Debug Configurations)中的Environment variables中新增環境變數,用;號分隔，然後可以直接執行。
Demo
Python
1.JsBridge
from PyQt5 import QtCore
class JsBridge(QtCore.QObject):
@QtCore.pyqtSlot(str,result=str)
def test(self,message):
print(message)
return "ok"2.Application
from PyQt5 import QtCore
from PyQt5 import QtWebEngineWidgets
from PyQt5.QtCore import QDir
from PyQt5.QtWebChannel import QWebChannel
from PyQt5.QtWebEngineWidgets import QWebEngineView
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
class TestWindow(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.webView = QWebEngineView()
self.webView.settings().setAttribute(
QtWebEngineWidgets.QWebEngineSettings.JavascriptEnabled,True)
channel = QWebChannel(self.webView.page())
self.webView.page().setWebChannel(channel)
self.python_bridge = JsBridge(None)
channel.registerObject("pythonBridge",self.python_bridge)
layout = QVBoxLayout()
layout.addWidget(self.webView)
widget = QWidget()
widget.setLayout(layout)
self.setCentralWidget(widget)
self.resize(900,600)
self.setWindowTitle('Test')
qr = self.frameGeometry()
cp = QDesktopWidget().availableGeometry().center()
qr.moveCenter(cp)
self.move(qr.topLeft())
self.show()
html_path = QtCore.QUrl.fromLocalFile(QDir.currentPath() + "/assets/index.html")
self.webView.load(html_path)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
m = TestWindow()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
JavaScript
index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,maximum-scale=1,user-scalable=no">
<title>Test</title>
<script src='qrc:///qtwebchannel/qwebchannel.js'></script>
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.4.1.min.js"
integrity="sha256-CSXorXvZcTkaix6Yvo6HppcZGetbYMGWSFlBw8HfCJo="
crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
</head>
<body>
<button id="test">test</button>
</body>
<script>
$(document).ready(function() {
new QWebChannel(qt.webChannelTransport,function(channel) {
$('#test').on('click',function() {
channel.objects.pythonBridge.test("hello",function(arg) {
console.log("Python message: " + arg);
alert(arg);
});
});
});
});
</script>
</html>
本文作者： liaoheng
本文連結： https://liaoheng.me/2019/12/23/PyQt5-QWebEngineView與JavaScript互動/
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