1. 程式人生 > 程式設計 >JS實現簡易計算器

JS實現簡易計算器

用JS實現簡易計算器,供大家參考,具體內容如下

首先建立結構和樣式

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
  <title>Document</title>
  <style>
    body{
      margin:0;
      padding:0;
      background-color: #abcdef;
    }
    .cal{
      width:560px;
      height:100px;
      margin:0 auto;
      padding-top:300px;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>

  <div class="cal">
    <p>
      <input type="text" class="num1" value="1">
      <span class="sign">+</span>
      <input type="text" class="num2" value="1">
      <span>=</span>
      <span class="res">2</span>
    </p>
    <p>
      <input type="button" value="+">
      <input type="button" value="-">
      <input type="button" value="*">
      <input type="button" value="/">
    </p>      
  </div>
<script>


</script>

</body>
</html>

然後新增Java script

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
  <title>Document</title>
  <style>
    body{
      margin:0;
      padding:0;
      background-color: #abcdef;
    }
    .cal{
      width:560px;
      height:100px;
      margin:0 auto;
      padding-top:300px;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>

  <div class="cal">
    <p>
      <input type="text" class="num1" value="1">
      <span class="sign">+</span>
      <input type="text" class="num2" value="1">
      <span>=</span>
      <span class="res">2</span>
    </p>
    <p>
      <input type="button" value="+" class="btn">
      <input type="button" value="-" class="btn">
      <input type="button" value="*" class="btn">
      <input type="button" value="/" class="btn">
    </p>      
  </div>

<script>
  var cal=document.querySelector(".cal");
  var num1=cal.querySelector(".num1");
  var num2=cal.querySelector(".num2");
  var sign=cal.querySelector(".sign");
  var res=cal.querySelector(".res");

  var btns=cal.querySelectorAll(".btn");

  btns[0].onclick=add;
  btns[1].onclick=subtract;
  btns[2].onclick=multiply;
  btns[3].onclick=divide;

  function add(){
    sign.innerHTML="+";
    //由於DOM獲取到的值都是字串形式,因此進行操作時需要先轉為number型別
    res.innerHTML=Number(num1.value)+Number(num2.value);
  }
  function subtract(){
    sign.innerHTML="-";
    res.innerHTML=Number(num1.value)-Number(num2.value);
  }
  function multiply(){
    sign.innerHTML="*";
    res.innerHTML=Number(num1.value)*Number(num2.value);  
  }
  function divide(){
    sign.innerHTML="/";
    res.innerHTML=Number(num1.value)/Number(num2.value);  
  }
</script>

</body>
</html>

程式碼的優化:

迴圈實現繫結

給一個外部介面,用於新增運算

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
  <title>Document</title>
  <style>
    body{
      margin:0;
      padding:0;
      background-color: #abcdef;
    }
    .cal{
      width:560px;
      height:100px;
      margin:0 auto;
      padding-top:300px;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>

  <div class="cal">
    <p>
      <input type="text" class="num1" value="1">
      <span class="sign">+</span>
      <input type="text" class="num2" value="1">
      <span>=</span>
      <span class="res">2</span>
    </p>
    <p>
      <input type="button" value="+" class="btn" title="add">
      <input type="button" value="-" class="btn" title="subtract">
      <input type="button" value="*" class="btn" title="multiply">
      <input type="button" value="/" class="btn" title="divide">
      <input type="button" value="%" class="btn" title="mod">
    </p>      
  </div>

<script>
  var cal=document.querySelector(".cal");
  var num1=cal.querySelector(".num1");
  var num2=cal.querySelector(".num2");
  var sign=cal.querySelector(".sign");
  var res=cal.querySelector(".res");

  var btns=cal.querySelectorAll(".btn");

  //給每個按鈕繫結事件
  for(var i=0;i<btns.length;i++){
    operate(i);
  }

  //運算函式
  function operate(i){
    var op=btns[i].value;//獲取運算
    var opName=btns[i].title;//獲取運算名
    //繫結事件
    btns[i].onclick=function(){
      sign.innerHTML=op;
      res.innerHTML=operation[opName](Number(num1.value),Number(num2.value));
    }
  }

  var operation={
    add:function(n1,n2){
      return n1+n2;
    },subtract:function(n1,n2){
      return n1-n2;
    },multiply:function(n1,n2){
      return n1*n2;
    },divide:function(n1,n2){
      return n1/n2;
    },//給一個新增運算的介面
    addOperation:function(name,fn){
      //如果該運算不存在
      if(!this.name){
        this[name]=fn;
      }
    }
  }

  //新增取餘運算
  operation.addOperation("mod",function(n1,n2){
    return n1%n2;
  });
</script>

</body>
</html>

這樣就圓滿完成咯

以上就是本文的全部內容,希望對大家的學習有所幫助,也希望大家多多支援我們。