本文例項為大家分享了Java實現小型圖書館管理系統的具體程式碼，供大家參考，具體內容如下

以下為小型圖書館管理系統模式圖：

模式總體概述：

其中IBorrower介面確定Borrower類標準，Library類為單例設計模式，即圖書館只有一個。Book類為Borrower類的內部類，libraryBook類為Library類的內部類。最後利用PlatForm類進一步的封裝。對於類方法中的核心，主要是陣列的“增刪查改”操作，本專案中三次運用了這些操作，分別在Borrower、Library、PlatForm類方法中。

IBorrower介面：

// package com.wu.demo;

/**
* @date 2020-10-30 10:08:48 
* @author 一夜星塵
* @version 1.8.0
 */

// 圖書借閱人標準
public interface IBorrower {
 public abstract void borrowBook(String bookName,String bookAuthor,float bookPrice,Library libary);
 public abstract void returnBook(String bookName,Library libary);
}

Borrower類：

// package com.wu.demo;

/**
* @date 2020-10-30 10:11:00 
* @author 一夜星塵
* @version 1.8.0
 */
public class Borrower implements IBorrower{
 protected String borrowerName;
 protected long borrowerNumber;
 private int booksNumber;
 private static final int MAX_NUMBER_OF_BOOKS = 4; //最大借書容量
 private Book[] books = new Book[MAX_NUMBER_OF_BOOKS];
 
 public Borrower(String borrowerName,long borrowerNumber) {
 this.borrowerName = borrowerName;
 this.borrowerNumber = borrowerNumber;
 this.booksNumber = 0;
 }
 
 private class Book{
 private String bookName;
 private String bookAuthor;
 private float bookPrice;
 public Book(String bookName,float bookPrice){
 Book.this.bookName = bookName;
 Book.this.bookAuthor = bookAuthor;
 Book.this.bookPrice = bookPrice;
 }
 public String getName() {
 return Book.this.bookName;
 }
 public String getAuthor() {
 return Book.this.bookAuthor;
 }
 public float getPrice() {
 return Book.this.bookPrice;
 }
 }
 @Override
 /**
 * 借書操作
 */
 public void borrowBook(String bookName,Library library) {
 if(booksNumber>=MAX_NUMBER_OF_BOOKS) {
 System.out.println("超過最大借書容量");
 return;
 }
 books[booksNumber++] = new Book(bookName,bookAuthor,bookPrice);
 // 移除圖書館書籍,更新圖書館資訊
 library.removeBook( bookName,bookPrice);
 }
 
 @Override
 /**
 * 還書操作
 */
 public void returnBook(String bookName,Library library) {
 // 前提是有書的情況下
 if(booksNumber<=0) {
 return;
 }
 
 int index = -1;
 for(int i = 0 ; i < books.length ; i++) {
 if(books[i].bookName.equals(bookName) && books[i].bookAuthor.equals(bookAuthor) 
 && books[i].bookPrice == bookPrice) {
 index = i;
 break;
 }
 }
 if(index < 0) {
 System.out.println("你並沒有該書籍");
 return;
 }
 for(int i = 0; i < booksNumber-1 ; i++) {
 if(i>=index) {
 books[i] = books[i+1];
 }
 }
 booksNumber --;
 // 還入圖書館,更新圖書館資訊
 library.addBook(bookName,bookPrice);
 }
 /**
 * 借書人資訊
 */
 public void borrowerInfo() {
 int i = 0;
 System.out.println("------------------------------借閱人資訊------------------------------");
 System.out.println("借閱人姓名："+this.borrowerName);
 System.out.println("借閱人學號："+this.borrowerNumber);
 for(;i < booksNumber ; i++) {
 System.out.println("第"+(i+1)+"本書: ");
 System.out.println("書籍名稱："+books[i].getName());
 System.out.println("書籍作者："+books[i].getAuthor());
 System.out.println("書籍價格："+books[i].getPrice());
 }
 System.out.println("當前借閱書本數為: "+booksNumber+" 剩餘容量為: "+(MAX_NUMBER_OF_BOOKS-i));
 System.out.println("------------------------------------------------------------------------");
 }
 
}

Library類：

// package com.wu.demo;
/**
* @date 2020-10-30 10:32:42 
* @author 一夜星塵
* @version 1.8.0
 */
public class Library {
 private static final Library library = new Library();
 private static final int MAX_NUMBER_OF_BOOKS = 120; // 圖書館最大書容量
 private libraryBook[] books = new libraryBook[MAX_NUMBER_OF_BOOKS];
 protected static int booksNumber = 0;
 
 // 無參建構函式私有化
 private Library() {};
 
 private class libraryBook{
 private String bookName;
 private String bookAuthor;
 private float bookPrice;
 public libraryBook(String bookName,float bookPrice){
 libraryBook.this.bookName = bookName;
 libraryBook.this.bookAuthor = bookAuthor;
 libraryBook.this.bookPrice = bookPrice;
 }
 public void setName(String bookName) {
 libraryBook.this.bookName = bookName;
 }
 public void setAuthor(String bookAuthor) {
 libraryBook.this.bookAuthor = bookAuthor;
 }
 public void setPrice(float bookPrice) {
 libraryBook.this.bookPrice = bookPrice;
 }
 }
 // 唯一返回的單例
 static Library getLibrary() {
 return library;
 }
 /**
 * 增添書籍
 * @param bookName
 * @param bookAuthor
 * @param bookPrice
 */
 public void addBook(String bookName,float bookPrice) {
 if(booksNumber>=MAX_NUMBER_OF_BOOKS) {
 System.out.println("超過圖書館書籍最大容量");
 return;
 }
 books[booksNumber++] = new libraryBook(bookName,bookPrice);
 }
 /**
 * 刪除書籍
 * @param bookName
 * @param bookAuthor
 * @param bookPrice
 */
 public void removeBook(String bookName,float bookPrice) {
 int index = -1;
 for(int i = 0 ; i < booksNumber ; i++) {
 if(books[i].bookName.equals(bookName) && books[i].bookAuthor.equals(bookAuthor) &&
 books[i].bookPrice == bookPrice) {
 index = i;
 break;
 }
 }
 if(index < 0) {
 System.out.println("該圖書未在庫");
 return;
 }
 
 for(int i = 0;i < booksNumber - 1;i++) {
 if(index <= i) {
 books[i] = books[i+1];
 }
 }
 booksNumber --;
 }
 /**
 * 查詢書籍
 * @param bookName
 * @param bookAuthor
 * @param bookPrice
 */
 public void checkBook(String bookName,float bookPrice) {
 System.out.println("");
 for(int i = 0 ; i<booksNumber ; i++) {
 if(books[i].bookName.equals(bookName) && books[i].bookAuthor.equals(bookAuthor) &&
 books[i].bookPrice == bookPrice) {
 System.out.println("狀態：書籍在庫");
 return;
 }
 }
 System.out.println("狀態：書籍未在庫");
 System.out.println("");
 }
 /**
 * 更改書籍資訊
 * @param bookName
 * @param bookAuthor
 * @param bookPrice
 */
 public void changeBook(String bookName,String newBookName,String newBookAuthor,float newBookPrice) {
 for(int i = 0 ;i<booksNumber;i++) {
 if(books[i].bookName.equals(bookName) && books[i].bookAuthor.equals(bookAuthor) &&
 books[i].bookPrice == bookPrice) {
 books[i].setName(newBookName);
 books[i].setAuthor(newBookAuthor);
 books[i].setPrice(newBookPrice);
 break;
 }
 }
 System.out.println("更改書籍完成");
 }
 /**
 * 檢視當前圖書館書籍資訊
 */
 public void booksInfo() {
 System.out.println("-----------------------------圖書館書籍資訊-----------------------------");
 for(int i = 0 ; i<booksNumber;i++) {
 System.out.println("在庫書籍 "+(i+1)+" : ");
 System.out.println("書籍名稱："+books[i].bookName);
 System.out.println("書籍作者："+books[i].bookAuthor);
 System.out.println("書籍價格："+books[i].bookPrice);
 }
 System.out.println("在庫書籍總數："+booksNumber+" 剩餘可借閱書籍總數："+(MAX_NUMBER_OF_BOOKS-booksNumber));
 System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------------------------------");
 }
}

PlatForm類：

// package com.wu.demo;
import java.util.Scanner;

/**
* @date 2020-10-30 14:06:34 
* @author 一夜星塵
* @version 1.8.0
 */
// 進一步封裝
public class PlatForm {
 private static final int MAX_NUMBER_OF_BORROWERS = 30; // 平臺最多可註冊30名借閱者
 private Borrower[] borrowers = new Borrower[MAX_NUMBER_OF_BORROWERS];
 private static int numberBorrowers = 0; 
 private Library library = Library.getLibrary();
 
 public PlatForm() {
 Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
 // 初始化Borrower成員
 System.out.println("-----------------------------初始化借閱人-----------------------------");
 System.out.println("按任意鍵繼續(按Q或q退出)：");
 String exit = input.nextLine();
 System.out.println("以下輸入可借閱人員資訊");
 while(!exit.equalsIgnoreCase("q")) {
 System.out.print("姓名 學號：");
 String tempName = input.next();
 long tempNumber = input.nextLong();
 this.borrowers[numberBorrowers++] = new Borrower(tempName,tempNumber);
 // 回車輸入舍棄
 input.nextLine();
 System.out.println("按任意鍵繼續(按Q或q退出)：");
 exit = input.nextLine();
 if(numberBorrowers >= MAX_NUMBER_OF_BORROWERS){
 System.out.println("已達到最大註冊量");
 break;
 }
 }
 
 // 初始化圖書館資訊
 System.out.println("---------------------------初始化圖書館圖書資訊------------------------");
 System.out.println("按任意鍵繼續(按Q或q退出)：");
 exit = input.nextLine();
 System.out.println("請輸入原始書籍資訊：");
 while(!exit.equalsIgnoreCase("q")) {
 System.out.print("書籍名稱 作者 價格：");
 String tempName = input.next();
 String tempAuthor = input.next();
 float tempPrice = input.nextFloat();
 library.addBook(tempName,tempAuthor,tempPrice);
 // 回車輸入舍棄
 input.nextLine();
 System.out.println("按任意鍵繼續(按Q或q退出)：");
 exit = input.nextLine();
 }
 System.out.println("-----------------------------------------------------------------------");
 input.close();
 } 
 
 /**
 * 平臺管理：增添使用者
 * @param borrowerName
 * @param borrowerNumber
 */
 public void addClient(String borrowerName,long borrowerNumber) {
 if(numberBorrowers >= MAX_NUMBER_OF_BORROWERS) {
 System.out.println("使用者容量已達最大值");
 return;
 }
 this.borrowers[numberBorrowers++] = new Borrower(borrowerName,borrowerNumber);
 System.out.println("增添使用者操作成功");
 }
 /**
 * 平臺管理：移除使用者
 * @param borrowerName
 * @param borrowerNumber
 */
 public void removeClient(String borrowerName,long borrowerNumber) {
 int index = -1;
 for(int i = 0 ; i<numberBorrowers; i++) {
 if(borrowers[i].borrowerName.equals(borrowerName) && borrowers[i].borrowerNumber == borrowerNumber) {
 index = i;
 break;
 }
 }
 if(index<0) {
 System.out.println("未找到使用者");
 return;
 }
 for(int i = 0 ; i < numberBorrowers-1;i++) {
 if(index <= i) {
 borrowers[i] = borrowers[i+1];
 }
 }
 numberBorrowers--;
 System.out.println("移除使用者成功");
 }
 /**
 * 相應借閱人的資訊
 * @param borrowerName
 * @param borrowerNumber
 */
 public void platformBorrowerInfo(String borrowerName,long borrowerNumber) {
 for(int i = 0 ; i<numberBorrowers;i++) {
 if(borrowers[i].borrowerName.equals(borrowerName) && borrowers[i].borrowerNumber == borrowerNumber) {
 borrowers[i].borrowerInfo();
 return;
 }
 }
 System.out.println("該使用者不存在");
 }
 /**
 * 相應借閱人借閱書籍
 * @param borrowerName
 * @param borrowerNumber
 * @param bookName
 * @param bookAuthor
 * @param bookPrice
 */
 public void platformBorrowBook(String borrowerName,long borrowerNumber,String bookName,float bookPrice) {
 for(int i = 0 ; i<borrowers.length;i++) {
 if(borrowers[i].borrowerName.equals(borrowerName) && borrowers[i].borrowerNumber == borrowerNumber) {
 borrowers[i].borrowBook(bookName,bookPrice,this.library);
 break;
 }
 }
 }
 /**
 * 相應借閱人歸還書籍
 * @param borrowerName
 * @param borrowerNumber
 * @param bookName
 * @param bookAuthor
 * @param bookPrice
 */
 public void platformRrturnBook(String borrowerName,float bookPrice){
 for(int i = 0 ; i<borrowers.length;i++) {
 if(borrowers[i].borrowerName.equals(borrowerName) && borrowers[i].borrowerNumber == borrowerNumber) {
 borrowers[i].returnBook(bookName,library);
 break;
 }
 }
 } 
 /**
 * 輸出圖書館資訊
 */
 public void platformLibraryInfo() {
 library.booksInfo();
 } 
 /**
 * 對圖書館增添書籍
 * @param bookName
 * @param bookAuthor
 * @param bookPrice
 */
 public void platformLibraryAddBook(String bookName,float bookPrice) {
 library.addBook(bookName,bookPrice);
 }
 /**
 * 對圖書館移除書籍
 * @param bookName
 * @param bookAuthor
 * @param bookPrice
 */
 public void platformLibraryRemoveBook(String bookName,float bookPrice) {
 library.removeBook(bookName,bookPrice);
 }
 /**
 * 對圖書館檢索書籍
 * @param bookName
 * @param bookAuthor
 * @param bookPrice
 */
 public void platformLibraryCheckBook(String bookName,float bookPrice) {
 library.checkBook(bookName,bookPrice);
 }
 /**
 * 對圖書館書籍更改
 * @param bookName
 * @param bookAuthor
 * @param bookPrice
 * @param newBookName
 * @param newBookAuthor
 * @param newBookPrice
 */
 public void platformLibraryChangeBook(String bookName,float newBookPrice) {
 library.changeBook(bookName,newBookName,newBookAuthor,newBookPrice);
 }
}

testDemo(測試)：

// package com.wu.demo;
/**
* @date 2020-10-30 10:51:21 
* @author 一夜星塵
* @version 1.8.0
 */
public class testDemo {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
 PlatForm platform = new PlatForm();
 
 // 以下為平臺管理許可權的測試
 platform.addClient("張三",100000L);
 platform.addClient("李四",100001L);
 platform.addClient("王五",100002L);
 platform.addClient("趙六",100003L);
 platform.platformBorrowerInfo("張三",100000L);
 platform.platformBorrowerInfo("李四",100000L); // 此時應該為不存在
 platform.platformBorrowerInfo("王五",100002L); 
 platform.platformBorrowerInfo("趙六",100003L);
 platform.removeClient("王五",100002L);
 platform.platformBorrowerInfo("王五",100002L); // 此時王五不是使用者
 
 //以下為圖書館和借閱人的測試
 platform.platformLibraryAddBook("資料結構","匿名1",100.0F);
 platform.platformLibraryAddBook("網路基礎","匿名2",90.0F);
 platform.platformLibraryAddBook("演算法","匿名3",110.0F);
 platform.platformLibraryInfo(); // 當前圖書館裡只有3本書
 platform.platformLibraryAddBook("java基礎","匿名4",105.0F);
 platform.platformLibraryAddBook("深度學習","匿名5",129.0F);
 platform.platformLibraryAddBook("Linux基礎","匿名6",104.0F);
 platform.platformLibraryAddBook("matlab基礎","匿名7",123.0F);
 platform.platformLibraryAddBook("visual C++基礎","匿名8",95.0F);
 platform.platformLibraryAddBook("HTML CSS JS","匿名9",99.0F);
 platform.platformLibraryAddBook("C++基礎","匿名10",119.0F);
 platform.platformLibraryAddBook("python基礎","匿名11",108.0F);
 platform.platformLibraryAddBook("資料庫基礎","匿名12",120.0F);
 platform.platformLibraryAddBook("作業系統基礎","匿名13",106.0F);
 platform.platformLibraryInfo(); // 當前圖書館裡有13本書
 platform.platformLibraryRemoveBook("visual C++基礎",95.0F);
 platform.platformLibraryInfo(); // 當前圖書館裡有12本書
 platform.platformLibraryRemoveBook("Linux基礎",104.0F); // 檢索圖書 Linux基礎 狀態
 platform.platformLibraryChangeBook("python基礎",108.0F,"keras基礎",110.0F); // 變更圖書館書籍名稱 python基礎 為 keras基礎
 platform.platformBorrowBook("張三",100000L,"java基礎",105.0F); // 使用者 張三 借了書籍 java基礎
 platform.platformBorrowBook("張三","演算法",110.0F); // 使用者 張三 又借了書籍 演算法
 platform.platformBorrowBook("張三","C++基礎",119.0F); // 使用者 張三 又借了書籍 C++基礎
 platform.platformBorrowBook("張三","深度學習",129.0F); // 使用者 張三 又借了書籍 深度學習
 platform.platformBorrowBook("趙六",100003L,"網路基礎",84.0F); // 使用者 趙六 借了書籍 網路基礎
 platform.platformBorrowBook("李四",100001L,"HTML CSS JS",119.0F); // 使用者 李四 借了書籍 HTML CSS JS
 platform.platformBorrowerInfo("張三",100000L); // 檢視使用者 張三 借閱情況 當前使用者 張三 有四本書 
 platform.platformBorrowerInfo("趙六",100003L); // 檢視使用者 趙六 借閱情況 當前使用者 趙六 有一本書
 platform.platformBorrowerInfo("李四",100001L); // 檢視使用者 李四 借閱情況 當前使用者 李四 有一本書
 platform.platformRrturnBook("張三",110.0F); // 使用者 張三 還了書籍 演算法
 platform.platformRrturnBook("張三",129.0F); // 使用者 張三 又還了書籍 深度學習 
 platform.platformBorrowerInfo("張三",100000L); // 檢視使用者 張三 借閱情況 當前使用者 張三 只有兩本書
 platform.platformLibraryRemoveBook("java基礎",105.0F); // 檢索圖書 java基礎 狀態 當前狀態應該為 未在庫
 }
}

測試結果顯示：

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