一、rabbitmq.properties

rabbitmq.host=127.0.0.1
rabbitmq.port=5672
rabbitmq.username=guest
rabbitmq.password=guest
rabbitmq.virtual-host=/

二、spring-rabbitmq-producer.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd">
    <!--載入配置檔案-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:rabbitmq.properties"/>

    <!-- 定義rabbitmq connectionFactory -->
    <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" host="${rabbitmq.host}"
                               port="${rabbitmq.port}"
                               username="${rabbitmq.username}"
                               password="${rabbitmq.password}"
                               virtual-host="${rabbitmq.virtual-host}"/>
    <!--定義管理交換機、佇列-->
    <rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>

    <!--定義持久化佇列，不存在則自動建立；不繫結到交換機則繫結到預設交換機
    預設交換機型別為direct，名字為：""，路由鍵為佇列的名稱
    -->
    <rabbit:queue id="spring_queue" name="spring_queue" auto-declare="true"/>

    <!-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~廣播；所有佇列都能收到訊息~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -->
    <!--定義廣播交換機中的持久化佇列，不存在則自動建立-->
    <rabbit:queue id="spring_fanout_queue_1" name="spring_fanout_queue_1" auto-declare="true"/>

    <!--定義廣播交換機中的持久化佇列，不存在則自動建立-->
    <rabbit:queue id="spring_fanout_queue_2" name="spring_fanout_queue_2" auto-declare="true"/>

    <!--定義廣播型別交換機；並繫結上述兩個佇列-->
    <rabbit:fanout-exchange id="spring_fanout_exchange" name="spring_fanout_exchange" auto-declare="true">
        <rabbit:bindings>
            <rabbit:binding queue="spring_fanout_queue_1"/>
            <rabbit:binding queue="spring_fanout_queue_2"/>
        </rabbit:bindings>
    </rabbit:fanout-exchange>

    <!-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~定向；指定routingKey的佇列收到訊息 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -->
    <!--定義定向交換機中的持久化佇列，不存在則自動建立-->
    <rabbit:queue id="spring_direct_queue_1" name="spring_direct_queue_1" auto-declare="true"/>
    <!--定義定向交換機中的持久化佇列，不存在則自動建立-->
    <rabbit:queue id="spring_direct_queue_2" name="spring_direct_queue_2" auto-declare="true"/>

    <!--定義定向型別交換機；並繫結上述兩個佇列-->
    <rabbit:direct-exchange id="spring_direct_exchange" name="spring_direct_exchange" auto-declare="true">
        <rabbit:bindings>
            <rabbit:binding queue="spring_direct_queue_1" key="direct_queue_1"/>
            <rabbit:binding queue="spring_direct_queue_2" key="direct_queue_2"/>
        </rabbit:bindings>
    </rabbit:direct-exchange>

    <!-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~萬用字元；*匹配一個單詞，#匹配多個單詞 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -->
    <!--定義萬用字元交換機中的持久化佇列，不存在則自動建立-->
    <rabbit:queue id="spring_topic_queue_star" name="spring_topic_queue_star" auto-declare="true"/>
    <!--定義萬用字元交換機中的持久化佇列，不存在則自動建立-->
    <rabbit:queue id="spring_topic_queue_well" name="spring_topic_queue_well" auto-declare="true"/>
    <!--定義萬用字元交換機中的持久化佇列，不存在則自動建立-->
    <rabbit:queue id="spring_topic_queue_well2" name="spring_topic_queue_well2" auto-declare="true"/>

    <rabbit:topic-exchange id="spring_topic_exchange" name="spring_topic_exchange" auto-declare="true">
        <rabbit:bindings>
            <rabbit:binding pattern="hello.*" queue="spring_topic_queue_star"/>
            <rabbit:binding pattern="hello.#" queue="spring_topic_queue_well"/>
            <rabbit:binding pattern="hi.#" queue="spring_topic_queue_well2"/>
        </rabbit:bindings>
    </rabbit:topic-exchange>

    <!--定義rabbitTemplate物件操作可以在程式碼中方便傳送訊息-->
    <rabbit:template id="rabbitTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>
</beans>

三、測試類中測試傳送訊息

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:spring-rabbitmq-producer.xml")
public class SpringRabbitProducer {
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    /**
     * 簡單模式，傳送訊息
     */
    @Test
    public void helloWorldTest(){
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_queue","hello world  ...");
    }

    /**
     * fanout，傳送訊息
     */
    @Test
    public void fanoutTest(){
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_fanout_exchange","","hello fanout  ...");
    }

    /**
     * direct,傳送訊息
     */
    @Test
    public void directTest(){
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_direct_exchange","direct_queue_2","hello direct ...");
    }

    /**
     *  topics,傳送訊息
     */
    @Test
    public void topicsTest(){
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_topic_exchange","hi.hello","hello topics");
    }
}