1 基於jwt的多方式登陸

1 手機號+密碼  使用者名稱+密碼 郵箱+密碼
2 流程分析（post請求）：
    -路由：自動生成
  -檢視類：ViewSet（ViewSetMixin, views.APIView）
  -序列化類：重寫validate方法，在這裡面對使用者名稱和密碼進行校驗
  
3 程式碼實現

路由

path('login/', views.LoginViewSet.as_view({'post':'create'})),

檢視

class LoginViewSet(ViewSet):
  def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
    # 例項化得到一個序列化類的物件
    # ser=LoginSerializer(data=request.data,context={'request':request})
    ser = LoginSerializer(data=request.data)
    # 序列化類的物件的校驗方法
    ser.is_valid(raise_exception=True) # 欄位自己的校驗，區域性鉤子校驗，全域性鉤子校驗
    # 如果通過，表示登入成功，返回手動簽發的token
    token = ser.context.get('token')
    username = ser.context.get('username')
    return APIResponse(token=token, username=username)
    # 如果失敗，不用管了
 

序列化類

from rest_framework import serializers
from app01.models import UserInfo
import re
from rest_framework.exceptions import ValidationError
from rest_framework_jwt.utils import jwt_encode_handler, jwt_payload_handler
from rest_framework_jwt.views import obtain_jwt_token
​
class LoginSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
  username = serializers.CharField()
​
  class Meta:
    model = UserInfo
    fields = ['username', 'password']
​
  def validate(self, attrs):
    # username可能是郵箱，手機號，使用者名稱
    username = attrs.get('username')
    password = attrs.get('password')
    # 如果是手機號
    if re.match('^1[3-9]\d{9}$', username):
      # 以手機號登入
      user = UserInfo.objects.filter(phone=username).first()
    elif re.match('^.+@.+$', username):
      # 以郵箱登入
      user = UserInfo.objects.filter(email=username).first()
    else:
      # 以使用者名稱登入
      user = UserInfo.objects.filter(username=username).first()
    # 如果user有值並且密碼正確
    if user and user.check_password(password):
      # 登入成功，生成token
      # drf-jwt中有通過user物件生成token的方法
      payload = jwt_payload_handler(user)
      token = jwt_encode_handler(payload)
      # token是要在檢視類中使用，現在我們在序列化類中
      # self.context.get('request')
      # 檢視類和序列化類之間通過context這個字典來傳遞資料
      self.context['token'] = token
      self.context['username'] = user.username
      return attrs
​
    else:
      raise ValidationError('使用者名稱或密碼錯誤')
 

2 自定義user表，簽發token,認證類

表模型

class MyUser(models.Model):
  username = models.CharField(max_length=32)
  password = models.CharField(max_length=32)
  phone = models.CharField(max_length=32)
  email = models.EmailField()

路由

path('login2/', views.MyLoginView.as_view()),

檢視

jwt_payload_handler = api_settings.JWT_PAYLOAD_HANDLER
jwt_encode_handler = api_settings.JWT_ENCODE_HANDLER
from rest_framework_jwt.views import obtain_jwt_token
​
​
class MyLoginView(APIView):
  def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
    username = request.data.get('username')
    password = request.data.get('password')
    # 如果是手機號
    if re.match('^1[3-9]\d{9}$', username):
      # 以手機號登入
      user = MyUser.objects.filter(phone=username).first()
    elif re.match('^.+@.+$', username):
      # 以郵箱登入
      user = MyUser.objects.filter(email=username).first()
    else:
      # 以使用者名稱登入
      user = MyUser.objects.filter(username=username).first()
    # 如果user有值並且密碼正確
    if user and user.password == password:
      # 登入成功，生成token
      # drf-jwt中有通過user物件生成token的方法
      payload = jwt_payload_handler(user)
      token = jwt_encode_handler(payload)
      return APIResponse(token=token, username=user.username)
    else:
      return APIResponse(code=101, msg='使用者名稱或密碼錯誤')
 

3 book，publish，author表關係及抽象表建立

# 注意：以後所有的資料刪除，儘量用軟刪除，使用一個欄位標誌是否刪除，而不是真正的從資料庫中刪除
    -好處：1 這樣刪除資料不會影響索引，不會導致索引失效
        2 之前存的使用者資料還在，以備以後使用
# 表模型如下
# 抽象出一個基表（不再資料庫生成,abstract=True）,只用來繼承
​
class BaseModel(models.Model):
  is_delete = models.BooleanField(default=False)
  create_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
​
  class Meta:
    # 基表必須設定abstract，基表就是給普通Model類繼承使用的，設定了abstract就不會完成資料庫遷移完成建表
    abstract = True
​
​
class Book(BaseModel):
  name = models.CharField(max_length=16)
  price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=5, decimal_places=2)
  publish = models.ForeignKey(to='Publish', db_constraint=False, on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING)
  # 重點：多對多外來鍵實際在關係表中，ORM預設關係表中兩個外來鍵都是級聯
  # ManyToManyField欄位不提供設定on_delete，如果想設定關係表級聯，只能手動定義關係表
  authors = models.ManyToManyField(to='Author', related_name='books', db_constraint=False)
​
  @property
  def publish_name(self):
    return self.publish.name
  @property
  def author_list(self):
    # ll=[]
    # for author in self.authors.all():
    #   ll.append({'name':author.name,'sex':author.get_sex_display()})
    return [{'name': author.name, 'sex': author.get_sex_display()} for author in self.authors.all()]
​
​
class Publish(BaseModel):
  name = models.CharField(max_length=16)
  address = models.CharField(max_length=64)
​
​
class Author(BaseModel):
  name = models.CharField(max_length=16)
  sex = models.IntegerField(choices=[(0, '男'), (1, '女')], default=0)
​
​
class AuthorDetail(BaseModel):
  mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11)
  # 有作者可以沒有詳情，刪除作者，詳情一定會被級聯刪除
  # 外來鍵欄位為正向查詢欄位，related_name是反向查詢欄位
  author = models.OneToOneField(to='Author', related_name='detail', db_constraint=False, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
​

4 book表單增群增

class BookView(APIView):
  def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
    if isinstance(request.data, dict):
      # 增一條
      ser = serializer.BookSerializer(data=request.data)
      ser.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
      ser.save()
      return APIResponse(data=ser.data)
    elif isinstance(request.data, list):
      # 增多條
      ser = serializer.BookSerializer(data=request.data, many=True)
      # 內部如何實現的？
      # many=True,ser不是BookSerializer物件，而是ListSerializer物件，套了一個個的BookSerializer
      print(type(ser))
      ser.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
      #
      from rest_framework.serializers import ListSerializer
      ser.save() # ListSerializer的save
      return APIResponse(msg='增加%s條成功' % len(request.data))

5 book表單查群查

class BookView(APIView):
  def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
    pk = kwargs.get('pk', None)
    if pk:
      # 單查
      # 方式一
      # book=models.Book.objects.filter(id=pk).filter(is_delete=False).first()
      # if not book:
      #   raise Exception('要查詢的不存在')
​
      # 方式二
      book = models.Book.objects.get(id=pk, is_delete=False)
      ser = serializer.BookSerializer(instance=book)
​
    else:
      # 查所有
      book_list = models.Book.objects.all().filter(is_delete=False)
      ser = serializer.BookSerializer(instance=book_list, many=True)
    return APIResponse(data=ser.data)

6 book表單改群改

class BookView(APIView):
  def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
    pk = kwargs.get('pk', None)
    if pk:
      # 單條修改
      book = models.Book.objects.get(id=pk, is_delete=False)
      ser = serializer.BookSerializer(instance=book, data=request.data)
      ser.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
      ser.save()
      return APIResponse(msg='修改成功')
    else:
      # 分析：ListSerializer的update方法沒有寫，需要我們自己寫
      from rest_framework.serializers import ListSerializer
      # pks=[item['id'] for item in request.data]
​
      # 如果不重寫ListSerializer的update方法，這是存不進去的
      pks = []
      for item in request.data:
        pks.append(item['id'])
        item.pop('id')
​
      print(request.data)
      book_list = models.Book.objects.filter(id__in=pks, is_delete=False)
      ser = serializer.BookSerializer(instance=book_list, data=request.data, many=True)
      print(type(ser))
      ser.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
      ser.save()
      return APIResponse(msg='修改%s條成功')
​
      # 你們能想到的方法
      # pks = []
      # for item in request.data:
      #   pks.append(item['id'])
      #   item.pop('id')
      # book_list = models.Book.objects.filter(id__in=pks, is_delete=False)
      #
      # for i,book in enumerate(book_list):
      #   ser = serializer.BookSerializer(instance=book, data=request.data[i])
      #   ser.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
      #   ser.save()
      # return APIResponse(msg='修改%s條成功'%len(book_list))

7 book表的單刪群刪

class BookView(APIView):
​
  def delete(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
    pk = kwargs.get('pk', None)
    pks = []
    if pk:
      # 單條刪除
      # res=models.Book.objects.filter(id=pk).update(is_delete=True)
      # print(res)
      # return APIResponse(msg='刪除成功')
      pks.append(pk)
    else:
      pks = request.data
​
    res = models.Book.objects.filter(id__in=pks).update(is_delete=True)
    if res >= 1:
      return APIResponse(msg='刪除%s條成功' % res)
    else:
      # raise Exception('沒有要刪除的資料')
      return APIResponse(code=999, msg='沒有要刪除的資料')

8 序列化類

from app01 import models
​
​
class ListBookSerializer(serializers.ListSerializer):
  # def create(self, validated_data):
  #   print('=======',validated_data)
  #   return '1'
  def update(self, instance, validated_data):
    print(instance) # book_list:是一堆圖書物件
    print(validated_data) # 列表套字典，是要修改的資料
​
    return [self.child.update(book, validated_data[i]) for i, book in enumerate(instance)]
​
​
class BookSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
  class Meta:
    model = models.Book
    list_serializer_class=ListBookSerializer # 指定many=True的時候，生成的ListBookSerializer的物件了
    fields = ['name', 'price', 'publish', 'authors', 'publish_name', 'author_list']
    extra_kwargs = {
      'publish': {'write_only': True},
      'authors': {'write_only': True},
      'publish_name': {'read_only': True},
      'author_list': {'read_only': True},
​
     }
​
  # def create(self, validated_data):
  #   print(validated_data)

9 路由

path('books/', views.BookView.as_view()),
re_path('books/(?P<pk>\d+)', views.BookView.as_view()),