Android7.0以上Uri轉路徑的方法實現(已驗證)
阿新 • • 發佈：2020-03-06
網路上看到過很多種Uri轉路徑的方法，可基本上都只適用於很少的Uri值，可能沒有結果(例如，對於由MediaStore索引的非本地檔案)，也可能沒有可用的結果(例如，對於可移動儲存上的檔案)。
解決方法
使用ContentResolver和openInputStream()在Uri標識的內容上獲取InputStream。在控制的檔案上使用InputStream和FileOutputStream複製內容，然後使用該檔案。
程式碼如下：
private static String getFilePathForN(Context context,Uri uri) {
try {
Cursor returnCursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri,null,null);
int nameIndex = returnCursor.getColumnIndex(OpenableColumns.DISPLAY_NAME);
returnCursor.moveToFirst();
String name = (returnCursor.getString(nameIndex));
File file = new File(context.getFilesDir(),name);
InputStream inputStream = context.getContentResolver().openInputStream(uri);
FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
int read = 0;
int maxBufferSize = 1 * 1024 * 1024;
int bytesAvailable = inputStream.available();
int bufferSize = Math.min(bytesAvailable,maxBufferSize);
final byte[] buffers = new byte[bufferSize];
while ((read = inputStream.read(buffers)) != -1) {
outputStream.write(buffers,read);
}
returnCursor.close();
inputStream.close();
outputStream.close();
return file.getPath();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
附上全系統的程式碼：
/**
* 檔案Uri轉路徑（相容各品牌手機）
*/
public class PathUtils {
/**
* android7.0以上處理方法
*/
private static String getFilePathForN(Context context,Uri uri) {
try {
Cursor returnCursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri,null);
int nameIndex = returnCursor.getColumnIndex(OpenableColumns.DISPLAY_NAME);
returnCursor.moveToFirst();
String name = (returnCursor.getString(nameIndex));
File file = new File(context.getFilesDir(),name);
InputStream inputStream = context.getContentResolver().openInputStream(uri);
FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
int read = 0;
int maxBufferSize = 1 * 1024 * 1024;
int bytesAvailable = inputStream.available();
int bufferSize = Math.min(bytesAvailable,maxBufferSize);
final byte[] buffers = new byte[bufferSize];
while ((read = inputStream.read(buffers)) != -1) {
outputStream.write(buffers,read);
}
returnCursor.close();
inputStream.close();
outputStream.close();
return file.getPath();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 全平臺處理方法
*/
public static String getPath(final Context context,final Uri uri) throws Exception {
final boolean isKitKat = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT;
final boolean isN = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N;
if (isN) {
return getFilePathForN(context,uri);
}
// DocumentProvider
if (isKitKat && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context,uri)) {
// ExternalStorageProvider
if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {
final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
final String[] split = docId.split(":");
final String type = split[0];
if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];
}
}
// DownloadsProvider
else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {
final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(
Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"),StringUtils.toLong(id));
return getDataColumn(context,contentUri,null);
}
// MediaProvider
else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {
final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
final String[] split = docId.split(":");
final String type = split[0];
Uri contentUri = null;
if ("image".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
} else if ("video".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
} else if ("audio".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
}
final String selection = "_id=?";
final String[] selectionArgs = new String[] {
split[1]
};
return getDataColumn(context,selection,selectionArgs);
}
}
// MediaStore (and general)
else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
return getDataColumn(context,uri,null);
}
// File
else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
return uri.getPath();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 獲取此Uri的資料列的值。這對於MediaStore uri和其他基於檔案的內容提供程式非常有用。
*/
public static String getDataColumn(Context context,Uri uri,String selection,String[] selectionArgs) {
Cursor cursor = null;
final String column = "_data";
final String[] projection = {
column
};
try {
cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri,projection,selectionArgs,null);
if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);
return cursor.getString(column_index);
}
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e){
//do nothing
} finally {
if (cursor != null)
cursor.close();
}
return null;
}
public static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}
public static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}
public static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}
}
參考資料：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/42508383/illegalargumentexception-column-data-does-not-exist
另發現一篇，親測，Android 4.4到Android 10可用，測試的系統有VIVO、OPPO、MIUI、EMUI...
解決的國內產商問題：華為的黃色圖示管理器，他返回了4.4的標準的Uri了，不是4.4以上的標準的Uri，導致解析的時候，判斷到版本 > 4.4，然後用了4.4以上的標準的解析，然後失敗了，並非不回撥。
直接可用的程式碼片段：
public class FileUtils {
private Context context;
public FileUtils(Context context) {
this.context = context;
}
public String getFilePathByUri(Uri uri) {
// 以 file:// 開頭的
if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_FILE.equals(uri.getScheme())) {
return uri.getPath();
}
// 以/storage開頭的也直接返回
if (isOtherDocument(uri)) {
return uri.getPath();
}
// 版本相容的獲取！
String path = getFilePathByUri_BELOWAPI11(uri);
if (path != null) {
LogUtils.d("getFilePathByUri_BELOWAPI11獲取到的路徑為：" + path);
return path;
}
path = getFilePathByUri_API11to18(uri);
if (path != null) {
LogUtils.d("getFilePathByUri_API11to18獲取到的路徑為：" + path);
return path;
}
path = getFilePathByUri_API19(uri);
LogUtils.d("getFilePathByUri_API19獲取到的路徑為：" + path);
return path;
}
private String getFilePathByUri_BELOWAPI11(Uri uri) {
// 以 content:// 開頭的，比如 content://media/extenral/images/media/17766
if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT.equals(uri.getScheme())) {
String path = null;
String[] projection = new String[]{MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA};
Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri,null);
if (cursor != null) {
if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
int columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA);
if (columnIndex > -1) {
path = cursor.getString(columnIndex);
}
}
cursor.close();
}
return path;
}
return null;
}
private String getFilePathByUri_API11to18(Uri contentUri) {
String[] projection = {MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA};
String result = null;
CursorLoader cursorLoader = new CursorLoader(context,null);
Cursor cursor = cursorLoader.loadInBackground();
if (cursor != null) {
int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA);
cursor.moveToFirst();
result = cursor.getString(column_index);
cursor.close();
}
return result;
}
private String getFilePathByUri_API19(Uri uri) {
// 4.4及之後的 是以 content:// 開頭的，比如 content://com.android.providers.media.documents/document/image%3A235700
if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT.equals(uri.getScheme()) && Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {
if (DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context,uri)) {
if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {
// ExternalStorageProvider
String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
String[] split = docId.split(":");
String type = split[0];
if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
if (split.length > 1) {
return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];
} else {
return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/";
}
// This is for checking SD Card
}
} else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {
//下載內容提供者時應當判斷下載管理器是否被禁用
int stateCode = context.getPackageManager().getApplicationEnabledSetting("com.android.providers.downloads");
if (stateCode != 0 && stateCode != 1) {
return null;
}
String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
// 如果出現這個RAW地址，我們則可以直接返回!
if (id.startsWith("raw:")) {
return id.replaceFirst("raw:","");
}
if (id.contains(":")) {
String[] tmp = id.split(":");
if (tmp.length > 1) {
id = tmp[1];
}
}
Uri contentUri = Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads");
LogUtils.d("測試列印Uri: " + uri);
try {
contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(contentUri,Long.parseLong(id));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
String path = getDataColumn(contentUri,null);
if (path != null) return path;
// 相容某些特殊情況下的檔案管理器!
String fileName = getFileNameByUri(uri);
if (fileName != null) {
path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().toString() + "/Download/" + fileName;
return path;
}
} else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {
// MediaProvider
String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
String[] split = docId.split(":");
String type = split[0];
Uri contentUri = null;
if ("image".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
} else if ("video".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
} else if ("audio".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
}
String selection = "_id=?";
String[] selectionArgs = new String[]{split[1]};
return getDataColumn(contentUri,selectionArgs);
}
}
}
return null;
}
private String getFileNameByUri(Uri uri) {
String relativePath = getFileRelativePathByUri_API18(uri);
if (relativePath == null) relativePath = "";
final String[] projection = {
MediaStore.MediaColumns.DISPLAY_NAME
};
try (Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri,null)) {
if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
int index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.MediaColumns.DISPLAY_NAME);
return relativePath + cursor.getString(index);
}
}
return null;
}
private String getFileRelativePathByUri_API18(Uri uri) {
final String[] projection;
if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {
projection = new String[]{
MediaStore.MediaColumns.RELATIVE_PATH
};
try (Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri,null)) {
if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
int index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.MediaColumns.RELATIVE_PATH);
return cursor.getString(index);
}
}
}
return null;
}
private String getDataColumn(Uri uri,String[] selectionArgs) {
final String column = MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA;
final String[] projection = {column};
try (Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri,null)) {
if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);
return cursor.getString(column_index);
}
} catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
iae.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
private boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}
private boolean isOtherDocument(Uri uri) {
// 以/storage開頭的也直接返回
if (uri != null && uri.getPath() != null) {
String path = uri.getPath();
if (path.startsWith("/storage")) {
return true;
}
if (path.startsWith("/external_files")) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
private boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}
private boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}
}
呼叫 getFilePathByUri(Uri uri) 即可獲得最終的路徑。
到此這篇關於Android7.0以上Uri轉路徑的方法實現(已驗證)的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關Android7 Uri轉路徑內容請搜尋我們以前的文章或繼續瀏覽下面的相關文章希望大家以後多多支援我們！