SpringIOC DI迴圈依賴例項詳解
要弄清楚迴圈依賴
1、需要知道Bean初始化的兩個階段
① Bean例項化建立例項物件(new Bean())
② Bean例項物件初始化(DI:註解自動注入)
2、DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry類中的5個容器
/** 記錄已將建立的單例<beanName,singletonBean> */ private final Map<String,Object> singletonObjects = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(256); /** 記錄singletonFactory<beanName,singletonFactory> singeletonFactory中存放beanName和上面的①階段的bean:Bean例項化例項物件(還未初始化DI)*/ private final Map<String,ObjectFactory<?>> singletonFactories = new HashMap<>(16); /** 記錄早期的singletonBean 存放的也是① */ private final Map<String,Object> earlySingletonObjects = new HashMap<>(16); /** 存放已經初始化後的beanName,有序 */ private final Set<String> registeredSingletons = new LinkedHashSet<>(256); /** 記錄正在初始化的bean的beanName */ private final Set<String> singletonsCurrentlyInCreation = Collections.newSetFromMap(new ConcurrentHashMap<>(16));
其中跟迴圈依賴相關的是singletonFactories、singeletonsCurrentlyInCreation、earlysingletonObjects.
3、迴圈依賴實現
①bean初始化前後會打標,加入到singletonsCurrentlyInCreation容器中,這個打標會在核心方法getSingleton()中起作用
/* org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry#getSingleton(java.lang.String,org.springframework.beans.factory.ObjectFactory<?>) */ public Object getSingleton(String beanName,ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory) { ... //迴圈依賴相關:初始化前先singletonsCurrentlyInCreation.add(beanName) beforeSingletonCreation(beanName); ... //lamda表示式:其實是呼叫createBean(beanName,mbd,args):Bean初始化 singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject(); ... //迴圈依賴相關:初始化後singletonsCurrentlyInCreation.remove(beanName) afterSingletonCreation(beanName); ...//初始化完後 //this.singletonObjects.put(beanName,singletonObject);放入到單例容器中 //this.singletonFactories.remove(beanName);清空迴圈依賴的兩個打標 //this.earlySingletonObjects.remove(beanName); //this.registeredSingletons.add(beanName);放入單例beanName容器中 addSingleton(beanName,singletonObject); ... } }
② 上面singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject()時向singletonFactories中記錄了(new Bean()),singletonFactories也會在核心方法getSingleton()中起作用
/* org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#doCreateBean */ protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName,final RootBeanDefinition mbd,final @Nullable Object[] args) throws BeanCreationException { ... //迴圈依賴相關邏輯: //this.singletonFactories.put(beanName,singletonFactory); //將例項化bean(①階段)、beanName組裝成singletonFactory裝入singletonFactories容器 //this.earlySingletonObjects.remove(beanName); //刪除earlySingletonObjects中beanName addSingletonFactory(beanName,() -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName,bean)); ... //例項初始化 就是在這裡面實現依賴注入DI的:反射實現 //呼叫AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessProperties populateBean(beanName,instanceWrapper); ... }
③ 核心方法getSingleton
/* org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry#getSingleton(java.lang.String,boolean) */ protected Object getSingleton(String beanName,boolean allowEarlyReference) { Object singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName); //迴圈依賴核心就在於這個判斷,由於打標+記錄了①階段的bean, //迴圈依賴第二次呼叫getBean("a")時,這裡會直接返回第一次呼叫getBean("a")建立的①階段的bean //而不會呼叫createBean("a")再次bean初始化(造成兩個bean的迴圈建立) if (singletonObject == null && isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) { synchronized (this.singletonObjects) { singletonObject = this.earlySingletonObjects.get(beanName); if (singletonObject == null && allowEarlyReference) { ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory = this.singletonFactories.get(beanName); if (singletonFactory != null) { singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject(); this.earlySingletonObjects.put(beanName,singletonObject); this.singletonFactories.remove(beanName); } } } } return singletonObject; }
④ 迴圈依賴流程
/* org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory#doGetBean */ protected <T> T doGetBean(final String name,@Nullable final Class<T> requiredType,@Nullable final Object[] args,boolean typeCheckOnly) throws BeansException { ... //假設A、B互相依賴 //第一次getBean(A),sharedInstance == null,走else,createBean //A正在建立打標,①中beforeSingletonCreation() //A例項化後儲存到singletonFactories中②中addSingletonFactory(beanName,singletonFactory) //DI依賴注入:②中populateBean(beanName,instanceWrapper),發現依賴B,呼叫getBean(B)初始化B的單例 //呼叫getBean(B)重複上面步驟,DI依賴注入發現依賴A,呼叫getBean(A) //第二次getBean(A),③中if(singletonObject == null && isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(A))由於打標了所以返回singleFactory.getObject() //下面if條件直接返回bean,沒有走else破壞了迴圈 Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName); if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) { // bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance,name,beanName,null); } else { ... // createBean(beanName,args); bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance,null); } return bean; }
四、總結
未看原始碼之前,其實對迴圈依賴有一個想法:迴圈依賴可以看做是一個死鎖。
預防死鎖的方法:打破死鎖的四個必要條件(互斥、請求並等待、不可剝奪、迴圈等待),由於迴圈依賴的資源是物件自身,所以常用破壞迴圈等待條件方法:編號順序執行,不適用
選擇破壞請求並等待條件:先建立物件,再賦值,模型
A a = new A();
B b = new B();
A.b = b;
B.a = a;
研究原始碼之後發現:想法差不多,但是程式碼實現非常精彩。模型(打標沒想到過)
A a = new A();
B b = new B();
b.a = a;
a.b = b;
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