App隨機測試之Monkey和Maxim
阿新 • • 發佈：2020-11-20
Monkey是我們app測試熟知的一個工具，monkey可以隨機的產生很多事件來操控app，所以可以用來做壓力測試、穩定性測試
常用的幾個選項：
-p 指定測試的包
-s 種子，以後回溯的時候只要執行相同的種子就可以回溯相同的monkey操作步驟了，常用來提供給開發復現問題、開發修復完畢以後驗證是否修復完成
-v 日誌 -v -vv -vvv 【-vvv日誌最詳細】
--throttle 500 每個動作之間的等待時間，單位毫秒
--pct-touch 觸控事件
--pct-motion 動作事件（直線滑動）
--pct-trackball 軌跡事件（曲線滑動）
--pct-majornav 主要導航事件（回退、選單按鍵等）
可以通過【adb shell monkey】來檢視命令monkey支援的其他選項
$ adb shell monkey
usage: monkey [-p ALLOWED_PACKAGE [-p ALLOWED_PACKAGE] ...]
[-c MAIN_CATEGORY [-c MAIN_CATEGORY] ...]
[--ignore-crashes] [--ignore-timeouts]
[--ignore-security-exceptions]
[--monitor-native-crashes] [--ignore-native-crashes]
[--kill-process-after-error] [--hprof]
[--pct-touch PERCENT] [--pct-motion PERCENT]
[--pct-trackball PERCENT] [--pct-syskeys PERCENT]
[--pct-nav PERCENT] [--pct-majornav PERCENT]
[--pct-appswitch PERCENT] [--pct-flip PERCENT]
[--pct-anyevent PERCENT] [--pct-pinchzoom PERCENT]
[--pct-permission PERCENT]
[--pkg-blacklist-file PACKAGE_BLACKLIST_FILE]
[--pkg-whitelist-file PACKAGE_WHITELIST_FILE]
[--wait-dbg] [--dbg-no-events]
[--setup scriptfile] [-f scriptfile [-f scriptfile] ...]
[--port port]
[-s SEED] [-v [-v] ...]
[--throttle MILLISEC] [--randomize-throttle]
[--profile-wait MILLISEC]
[--device-sleep-time MILLISEC]
[--randomize-script]
[--script-log]
[--bugreport]
[--periodic-bugreport]
[--permission-target-system]
COUNT
舉例：
$ adb shell monkey -p com.xueqiu.android --throttle 200 --pct-motion 80 --pct-majornav 20 -s 100 -vv 150
列印日誌如下：
:Monkey: seed=100 count=150
:AllowPackage: com.xueqiu.android
:IncludeCategory: android.intent.category.LAUNCHER
:IncludeCategory: android.intent.category.MONKEY
// Event percentages:
// 0: 0.0%
// 1: 80.0%
// 2: 0.0%
// 3: 0.0%
// 4: -0.0%
// 5: -0.0%
// 6: 0.0%
// 7: 20.0%
// 8: 0.0%
// 9: 0.0%
// 10: 0.0%
// 11: 0.0%
:Switch: #Intent;action=android.intent.action.MAIN;category=android.intent.category.LAUNCHER;launchFlags=0x10200000;component=com.xueqiu.android/.view.WelcomeActivityAlias;end
// Allowing start of Intent { act=android.intent.action.MAIN cat=[android.intent.category.LAUNCHER] cmp=com.xueqiu.android/.view.WelcomeActivityAlias } in package com.xueqiu.android
:Sending Touch (ACTION_DOWN): 0:(1144.0,36.0)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_UP): 0:(1166.7858,0.0)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_DOWN): 0:(695.0,1372.0)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_UP): 0:(785.3247,1288.2296)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_DOWN): 0:(1065.0,863.0)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_UP): 0:(1060.9724,799.45374)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_DOWN): 0:(840.0,608.0)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_UP): 0:(818.21136,641.3733)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_DOWN): 0:(954.0,1680.0)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_UP): 0:(986.87213,1625.6768)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_DOWN): 0:(518.0,280.0)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_UP): 0:(504.64883,311.34415)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_DOWN): 0:(542.0,814.0)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_UP): 0:(542.8679,814.5196)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_DOWN): 0:(329.0,1624.0)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_UP): 0:(353.21414,1614.9838)
// Allowing start of Intent { cmp=com.xueqiu.android/.main.view.MainActivity } in package com.xueqiu.android
// Allowing start of Intent { cmp=com.xueqiu.android/.community.StatusDetailActivity } in package com.xueqiu.android
// activityResuming(com.xueqiu.android)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_DOWN): 0:(639.0,1447.0)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_UP): 0:(650.47205,1434.4948)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_DOWN): 0:(330.0,1600.0)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_UP): 0:(285.38858,1726.274)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_DOWN): 0:(454.0,673.0)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_UP): 0:(516.2043,670.9724)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_DOWN): 0:(313.0,1037.0)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_UP): 0:(290.13596,1044.888)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_DOWN): 0:(966.0,369.0)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_UP): 0:(930.24414,400.18967)
//[calendar_time:2020-11-20 16:37:56.463 system_uptime:652225]
// Sending event #100
//[calendar_time:2020-11-20 16:37:56.695 system_uptime:652432]
// Sending event #100
:Sending Touch (ACTION_DOWN): 0:(656.0,712.0)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_UP): 0:(557.1301,660.5694)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_DOWN): 0:(269.0,334.0)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_UP): 0:(323.9889,344.96362)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_DOWN): 0:(806.0,813.0)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_UP): 0:(802.8336,830.3396)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_DOWN): 0:(454.0,375.0)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_UP): 0:(439.70593,411.3031)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_DOWN): 0:(143.0,1312.0)
:Sending Touch (ACTION_UP): 0:(194.25143,1208.045)
// Allowing start of Intent { cmp=com.xueqiu.android/.stock.privatedetail.PrivateDetailActivity } in package com.xueqiu.android
// activityResuming(com.xueqiu.android)
// Allowing start of Intent { cmp=com.xueqiu.android/.common.account.LoginOptionActivity } in package com.xueqiu.android
:Sending Touch (ACTION_DOWN): 0:(192.0,701.0)
Events injected: 150
:Sending rotation degree=0, persist=false
:Dropped: keys=0 pointers=0 trackballs=0 flips=0 rotations=0
## Network stats: elapsed time=15983ms (0ms mobile, 0ms wifi, 15983ms not connected)
// Monkey finished
但是呢，monkye有一些無法滿足的點，亟需改善的是下面2點：
1.就有可能點選到頁面的頂部，下拉通知欄，或者點選到底部返回鍵選單欄（尤其是模擬器裡執行的時候），會有各種誤點操作
2.純隨機，沒有任何遍歷演算法加持
針對上面這倆點，我們可以選擇使用Maxim來代替monkey，而且Maxim還提供了很多意外之喜：
Maxim github地址：https://github.com/zhangzhao4444/Maxim
比如：比monkey更高效的效能、可以隨機輸入、支援點選xpath控制元件、定製滑動路徑 等等（但筆者目前還有嘗試這些用法，慚愧）
我們先使用一下和monkye類似的功能：
首先是安裝(其實github裡作者寫的也很清楚，這裡在重新備註一下)：
$ git clone [email protected]:zhangzhao4444/Maxim.git $ adb push framework.jar /sdcard $ adb push monkey.jar /sdcard
只需要這3條命令就可以了，如果想要確認一下是否真的push到手機的話可以進入adh shell檢視：
$ adb shell $ cd /sdcard $ ls
接下來就是使用，可以從官方copy命令
改成自己app包和jar包的路徑，執行就好了
$ adb shell CLASSPATH=/sdcard/monkey.jar:/sdcard/framework.jar exec app_process /system/bin tv.panda.test.monkey.Monkey -p com.xueqiu.android --uiautomatormix --running-minutes 1 -v -v
以上就是Maxim的初級使用了，其實Maxim的github主頁中寫的還挺詳細的，有興趣的讀者可以移步到主頁深入學習（ps：也可以給Maxim的作者點個星星，真的是一個好工具啊），這裡只做拋磚引玉，如果本文能提供給你一點點點幫助，就請點個贊支援一下作者，感謝支援