使用者模組+jwt實現+註冊帶token值

阿新 • • 發佈：2020-11-23

1 JWT進階理解

1.1 settings.py

"""
Django settings for opwf project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.0.13.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/
"""
import datetime
import os, sys

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'apps'))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'uorj1ni^mnut@wo@c%)iv)%5=8dxlml4-j0!f3b%4#f*8a5)3t'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'rest_framework',
    'corsheaders',
    'user.apps.UserConfig',
    'workflow.apps.WorkflowConfig',
    'workerorder.apps.WorkerorderConfig',
    # 'jwt',
    # 'rest_framework_jwt',
    # 'rest_framework.authentication'

]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'corsheaders.middleware.CorsMiddleware',
    # 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'opwf.urls'
CORS_ORIGIN_ALLOW_ALL = True

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'opwf.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'opwf_db',
        'USER': 'root',
        'PASSWORD': '1',
        'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
        'PORT': '3306'
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    # 文件報錯： AttributeError: ‘AutoSchema’ object has no attribute ‘get_link’
    # 用下面的設定可以解決
    'DEFAULT_SCHEMA_CLASS': 'rest_framework.schemas.AutoSchema',
    # 預設設定是:
    # 'DEFAULT_SCHEMA_CLASS': 'rest_framework.schemas.openapi.AutoSchema',

    # 異常處理器
    # 'EXCEPTION_HANDLER': 'user.utils.exception_handler',

    # Base API policies    　　預設渲染器類
    'DEFAULT_RENDERER_CLASSES': [
        'rest_framework.renderers.JSONRenderer',
        'rest_framework.renderers.BrowsableAPIRenderer',
    ],
    # 預設解析器類
    'DEFAULT_PARSER_CLASSES': [
        'rest_framework.parsers.JSONParser',
        'rest_framework.parsers.FormParser',
        'rest_framework.parsers.MultiPartParser'
    ],
    # 1.認證器（全域性）
    'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': [
        'rest_framework_jwt.authentication.JSONWebTokenAuthentication',  # 在 DRF中配置JWT認證
        # 'rest_framework.authentication.SessionAuthentication',  # 使用session時的認證器
        # 'rest_framework.authentication.BasicAuthentication'  # 提交表單時的認證器
    ],

    # 2.許可權配置（全域性）： 順序靠上的嚴格
    'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': [
        # 'rest_framework.permissions.IsAdminUser',  # 管理員可以訪問
        # 'rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticated',  # 認證使用者可以訪問
        # 'rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly',  # 認證使用者可以訪問, 否則只能讀取
        'rest_framework.permissions.AllowAny',  # 所有使用者都可以訪問
    ],
    # 3.限流（防爬蟲）
    'DEFAULT_THROTTLE_CLASSES': [
        'rest_framework.throttling.AnonRateThrottle',
        'rest_framework.throttling.UserRateThrottle',
    ],
    # 3.1限流策略
    # 'DEFAULT_THROTTLE_RATES': {
    #     'user': '100/hour',  # 認證使用者每小時100次
    #     'anon': '300/day',  # 未認證使用者每天能訪問3次
    # },

    'DEFAULT_CONTENT_NEGOTIATION_CLASS': 'rest_framework.negotiation.DefaultContentNegotiation',
    'DEFAULT_METADATA_CLASS': 'rest_framework.metadata.SimpleMetadata',
    'DEFAULT_VERSIONING_CLASS': None,

    # 4.分頁（全域性）：全域性分頁器, 例如 省市區的資料自定義分頁器, 不需要分頁
    # 'DEFAULT_PAGINATION_CLASS': 'rest_framework.pagination.PageNumberPagination',
    # 每頁返回數量
    # 'PAGE_SIZE': 1
    # 5.過濾器後端
    'DEFAULT_FILTER_BACKENDS': [
        'django_filters.rest_framework.DjangoFilterBackend',
        # 'django_filters.rest_framework.backends.DjangoFilterBackend', 包路徑有變化
    ],

    # 5.1過濾排序（全域性）：Filtering 過濾排序
    'SEARCH_PARAM': 'search',
    'ORDERING_PARAM': 'ordering',

    'NUM_PROXIES': None,

    # 6.版本控制：Versioning  介面版本控制
    'DEFAULT_VERSION': None,
    'ALLOWED_VERSIONS': None,
    'VERSION_PARAM': 'version',

    # Authentication  認證
    # 未認證使用者使用的使用者型別
    'UNAUTHENTICATED_USER': 'django.contrib.auth.models.AnonymousUser',
    # 未認證使用者使用的Token值
    'UNAUTHENTICATED_TOKEN': None,

    # View configuration
    'VIEW_NAME_FUNCTION': 'rest_framework.views.get_view_name',
    'VIEW_DESCRIPTION_FUNCTION': 'rest_framework.views.get_view_description',

    'NON_FIELD_ERRORS_KEY': 'non_field_errors',

    # Testing
    'TEST_REQUEST_RENDERER_CLASSES': [
        'rest_framework.renderers.MultiPartRenderer',
        'rest_framework.renderers.JSONRenderer'
    ],
    'TEST_REQUEST_DEFAULT_FORMAT': 'multipart',

    # Hyperlink settings
    'URL_FORMAT_OVERRIDE': 'format',
    'FORMAT_SUFFIX_KWARG': 'format',
    'URL_FIELD_NAME': 'url',

    # Encoding
    'UNICODE_JSON': True,
    'COMPACT_JSON': True,
    'STRICT_JSON': True,
    'COERCE_DECIMAL_TO_STRING': True,
    'UPLOADED_FILES_USE_URL': True,

    # Browseable API
    'HTML_SELECT_CUTOFF': 1000,
    'HTML_SELECT_CUTOFF_TEXT': "More than {count} items...",

    # Schemas
    'SCHEMA_COERCE_PATH_PK': True,
    'SCHEMA_COERCE_METHOD_NAMES': {
        'retrieve': 'read',
        'destroy': 'delete'
    },

    # 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin':'http://localhost:8080',
    # 'Access-Control-Allow-Credentials': True

}

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'

TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = False


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'user.User'

# jwt載荷中的有效期設定
JWT_AUTH = {
    # 1.token字首：headers中 Authorization 值的字首
    'JWT_AUTH_HEADER_PREFIX': 'JWT',
    # 2.token有效期：一天有效
    'JWT_EXPIRATION_DELTA': datetime.timedelta(days=1),
    # 3.重新整理token：允許使用舊的token換新token
    'JWT_ALLOW_REFRESH': True,
    # 4.token有效期：token在24小時內過期, 可續期token
    'JWT_REFRESH_EXPIRATION_DELTA': datetime.timedelta(hours=24),
    # 5.自定義JWT載荷資訊：自定義返回格式，需要手工建立
    'JWT_RESPONSE_PAYLOAD_HANDLER': 'user.utils.jwt_response_payload_handler',
}

1.2 user/utils.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
def jwt_response_payload_handler(token, user=None, request=None, role=None):
    """
        自定義jwt認證成功返回資料
        :token 返回的jwt
        :user 當前登入的使用者資訊[物件]
        :request 當前本次客戶端提交過來的資料
        :role 角色
    """
    if user.first_name:
        name = user.first_name
    else:
        name = user.username
        return {
            'authenticated': 'true',
             'id': user.id,
             "role": role,
             'name': name,
             'username': user.username,
             'email': user.email,
             'token': token,
        }

1.3 user/views.py

import datetime
import random

from django.contrib.auth.hashers import make_password
from django.shortcuts import render

# Create your views here.
from rest_framework import viewsets
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.views import APIView

from user.models import User
from user.serializers import UserSerializer


class UserViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = User.objects.all()
    serializer_class = UserSerializer



class RegisterView(APIView):
    def post(self, request):
        username = request.data.get('username')
        password = request.data.get('password')
        password_new = request.data.get('password_new')
        if not all([username, password, password_new]):
            return Response(
                {'msg': '資訊不全', 'code': 400}
            )
        if password != password_new:
            return Response(
                {'code': 400, 'msg':'兩次登入密碼不一致'}
            )
        user_serializer = UserSerializer(data=request.data)
        if user_serializer.is_valid():
            user_serializer.save()
            user_info = User.objects.filter(username=username).first()
            return Response(
                {'msg': '註冊成功', 'code': 200, 'token': user_info.token}
            )
        return Response(
            {'msg': '註冊失敗', 'error': user_serializer.errors }
        )

1.4 user/serializers.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from rest_framework import serializers
from rest_framework_jwt.serializers import jwt_payload_handler
from rest_framework_jwt.settings import api_settings

from user.models import User


class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = '__all__'

    def create(self, data):
        username = data.get('username', '')
        password = data.get('password', '')
        mobile = data.get('mobile', '')
        email = data.get('email', '')
        user = User(username=username, email=email, mobile=mobile)
        user.set_password(password)
        user.save()

        # 補充生成記錄登入狀態的token
        jwt_encode_handler = api_settings.JWT_ENCODE_HANDLER
        payload = jwt_payload_handler(user)
        token = jwt_encode_handler(payload)
        print(token)
        user.token = token
        user.save()
        return user

1.5 user/urls.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from django.urls import path
from rest_framework.routers import DefaultRouter
from rest_framework_jwt.views import obtain_jwt_token

from user import views

router = DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'user', views.UserViewSet)

urlpatterns = [
    path('login/', obtain_jwt_token),
    path('register/', views.RegisterView.as_view()),
]

urlpatterns += router.urls

2 效果展示

2.1 登入效果展示

http://192.168.56.100:1594/user/login/

2.2 註冊效果展示

http://192.168.56.100:1594/user/register/

2.2.1 必填欄位

2.2.2 效果展示

2.2.3 小海豚資料

3 前端專案規範

3.1 資料夾命名

全域性通用的元件放在 src/components 下
其他業務頁面中的元件，放在各自頁面下的 ./components 資料夾下
普通資料夾建議使用 kebab-case 方式命名
屬於 components 資料夾下的子資料夾，使用大寫字母開頭的 PascalBase風格

3.2 檔案命名規範

3.2.1 .js 問價命名規範

.js 檔案，使用 kebab-case 風格
屬於Api的，統一加上Api字尾

3.2.2 .vue 檔案命名規範

除index.vue之外， 其他 .vue 檔案統一用 PascalBase 風格

3.3 函式命名規範

3.3.1 後端配置路由規範

// 書籍管理介面
export const getBookList = (params, headers) => axios_get('/book/books/', params, headers)
export const addBook = (params, headers) => axios_get('/book/books/', params, headers)
export const updateBook = (params, headers) => axios_get('/book/books/', params, headers)
export const delBook = (params, headers) => axios_get('/book/books/', params, headers)

3.3.2 函式命名規範

handleLogin(){
    
}
getOtherQuery(query){
    
}

4 反射

hasattr(ogj,name_str)判斷一個物件裡是否有對應的字串方法
getattr(obj,name_str)根據字串去獲取obj物件裡的對應的方法的記憶體地址
使用stattr給類例項物件動態新增一個新的方法
delattr刪除例項屬性

class Dog(object):
    def eat(self, food):
        print('eat method!!!', food)
d = Dog()

# hasatrr 判斷物件d是否有eat方法，有返回True，沒有返回False
print(hasattr(d, 'eat'))        # True
print(hasattr(d, 'play'))       # False

if hasattr(d, 'eat'):
    func = getattr(d, 'eat')
    func('baba')
    
# True
# False
# eat method!!! baba

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