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NET 5 收發郵件之 MailKit

大家都用過SmtpClient來處理髮送郵件的操作,不過這個類以及被標記已過時,所以介紹一個微軟推薦的庫MailKit來處理。

MailKit開源地址:https://github.com/jstedfast/MailKit

新建一個控制檯應用程式,將MailKit新增到專案中。

Install-Package MailKit

新建一個IEmail介面。

using MimeKit;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace EmailDemo
{
    public interface IEmail
    {
        /// <summary>
/// 傳送Email /// </summary> /// <param name="message"></param> /// <returns></returns> Task SendEmailAsync(MimeMessage message); } }

實現

using MailKit.Net.Smtp;
using MimeKit;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace EmailDemo { public class Email : IEmail { public async Task SendEmailAsync(MimeMessage message) { var host = "smtp.exmail.qq.com"; var port = 465; var useSsl = true; var from_username = "[email protected]"; var
from_password = "..."; var from_name = "測試"; var from_address = "[email protected]"; var address = new List<MailboxAddress> { new MailboxAddress("111","[email protected]"), new MailboxAddress("222","[email protected]") }; message.From.Add(new MailboxAddress(from_name, from_address)); message.To.AddRange(address); using var client = new SmtpClient { ServerCertificateValidationCallback = (s, c, h, e) => true }; client.AuthenticationMechanisms.Remove("XOAUTH2"); await client.ConnectAsync(host, port, useSsl); await client.AuthenticateAsync(from_username, from_password); await client.SendAsync(message); await client.DisconnectAsync(true); } } }

上面關於郵箱的賬號密碼伺服器可以放在配置檔案中,這裡為了方便直接寫了,演示了傳送郵件到兩個Email地址。

然後在Program.cs中使用依賴注入的方式呼叫。

using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using MimeKit;
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace EmailDemo
{
    class Program
    {
        static async Task Main(string[] args)
        {
            IServiceCollection service = new ServiceCollection();

            service.AddSingleton<IEmail, Email>();

            var provider = service.BuildServiceProvider().GetRequiredService<IEmail>();

            var message = new MimeMessage
            {
                Subject = "我是郵件主題",
                Body = new BodyBuilder
                {
                    HtmlBody = $"我是郵件內容,時間:{DateTime.Now:yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}"
                }.ToMessageBody()
            };

            await provider.SendEmailAsync(message);
        }
    }
}

以上演示了在 .NET Core 中傳送郵件的示例,同時利用MailKit也可以接收郵件,這裡使用場景不多,如有需要可以參考MailKitGitHub程式碼示例。

通常傳送郵件可以提前寫好HTML模板,然後將關鍵內容做字串替換,這樣發出去的就是一個比較美觀的郵件了。

MailKit還支援將圖片作為資料內容傳送出去。

using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using MimeKit;
using MimeKit.Utils;
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace EmailDemo
{
    class Program
    {
        static async Task Main(string[] args)
        {
            IServiceCollection service = new ServiceCollection();

            service.AddSingleton<IEmail, Email>();

            var provider = service.BuildServiceProvider().GetRequiredService<IEmail>();

            var path = "D:\\bg.jpg";

            var builder = new BodyBuilder();

            var image = builder.LinkedResources.Add(path);
            image.ContentId = MimeUtils.GenerateMessageId();

            builder.HtmlBody = $"當前時間:{DateTime.Now:yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} <img src=\"cid:{image.ContentId}\"/>";

            var message = new MimeMessage
            {
                Subject = "帶圖片的郵件推送",
                Body = builder.ToMessageBody()
            };

            await provider.SendEmailAsync(message);
        }
    }
}

先在本地準備一張圖片,利用ContentId的方式嵌入在img標籤中,成功將其傳送出去。