SpringBoot登入驗證碼實現過程詳解
阿新 • • 發佈：2020-04-13
今天記錄一下驗證碼的實現，希望能夠幫助到大家！
首先我們看一下實現的效果：
此驗證碼的實現沒有用到太多的外掛，話不多說直接上程式碼，大家拿過去就可以用。
中間用到了org.apache.commons.lang3.RandomUtils工具類，需要pom配置：
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.commons/commons-lang3 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>3.10</version>
</dependency>1.驗證碼類
package com.youyou.login.util.validatecode;
import lombok.Data;
/**
* 驗證碼類
*/
public class VerifyCode {
private String code;
private byte[] imgBytes;
private long expireTime;
public String getCode() {
return code;
}
public void setCode(String code) {
this.code = code;
}
public byte[] getImgBytes() {
return imgBytes;
}
public void setImgBytes(byte[] imgBytes) {
this.imgBytes = imgBytes;
}
public long getExpireTime() {
return expireTime;
}
public void setExpireTime(long expireTime) {
this.expireTime = expireTime;
}
}2.驗證碼生成介面
package com.youyou.login.util.validatecode;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
/**
* 驗證碼生成介面
*/
public interface IVerifyCodeGen {
/**
* 生成驗證碼並返回code，將圖片寫的os中
*
* @param width
* @param height
* @param os
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
String generate(int width,int height,OutputStream os) throws IOException;
/**
* 生成驗證碼物件
*
* @param width
* @param height
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
VerifyCode generate(int width,int height) throws IOException;
}3.驗證碼生成實現類
package com.youyou.login.util.validatecode;
import com.youyou.util.RandomUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Random;
/**
* 驗證碼實現類
*/
public class SimpleCharVerifyCodeGenImpl implements IVerifyCodeGen {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SimpleCharVerifyCodeGenImpl.class);
private static final String[] FONT_TYPES = { "u5b8bu4f53","u65b0u5b8bu4f53","u9ed1u4f53","u6977u4f53","u96b6u4e66" };
private static final int VALICATE_CODE_LENGTH = 4;
/**
* 設定背景顏色及大小，干擾線
*
* @param graphics
* @param width
* @param height
*/
private static void fillBackground(Graphics graphics,int width,int height) {
// 填充背景
graphics.setColor(Color.WHITE);
//設定矩形座標x y 為0
graphics.fillRect(0,width,height);
// 加入干擾線條
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
//設定隨機顏色演算法引數
graphics.setColor(RandomUtils.randomColor(40,150));
Random random = new Random();
int x = random.nextint(width);
int y = random.nextint(height);
int x1 = random.nextint(width);
int y1 = random.nextint(height);
graphics.drawLine(x,y,x1,y1);
}
}
/**
* 生成隨機字元
*
* @param width
* @param height
* @param os
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
@Override
public String generate(int width,OutputStream os) throws IOException {
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width,height,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics graphics = image.getGraphics();
fillBackground(graphics,height);
String randomStr = RandomUtils.randomString(VALICATE_CODE_LENGTH);
createCharacter(graphics,randomStr);
graphics.dispose();
//設定JPEG格式
ImageIO.write(image,"JPEG",os);
return randomStr;
}
/**
* 驗證碼生成
*
* @param width
* @param height
* @return
*/
@Override
public VerifyCode generate(int width,int height) {
VerifyCode verifyCode = null;
try (
//將流的初始化放到這裡就不需要手動關閉流
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
) {
String code = generate(width,baos);
verifyCode = new VerifyCode();
verifyCode.setCode(code);
verifyCode.setImgBytes(baos.toByteArray());
}
catch (IOException e) {
logger.error(e.getMessage(),e);
verifyCode = null;
}
return verifyCode;
}
/**
* 設定字元顏色大小
*
* @param g
* @param randomStr
*/
private void createCharacter(Graphics g,String randomStr) {
char[] charArray = randomStr.toCharArray();
for (int i = 0; i < charArray.length; i++) {
//設定RGB顏色演算法引數
g.setColor(new Color(50 + RandomUtils.nextint(100),+ RandomUtils.nextint(100),50 + RandomUtils.nextint(100)));
//設定字型大小，型別
g.setFont(new Font(FONT_TYPES[RandomUtils.nextint(FONT_TYPES.length)],Font.BOLD,26));
//設定x y 座標
g.drawString(String.valueOf(charArray[i]),15 * i + 5,19 + RandomUtils.nextint(8));
}
}
}
4.工具類
package com.youyou.util;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Random;
public class RandomUtils extends org.apache.commons.lang3.RandomUtils {
private static final char[] CODE_SEQ = { 'A','B','C','D','E','F','G','H','J','K','L','M','N','P','Q','R','S','T','U','V','W','X','Y','Z','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9' };
private static final char[] NUMBER_ARRAY = { '0','1','9' };
private static Random random = new Random();
public static String randomString(int length) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
sb.append(String.valueOf(CODE_SEQ[random.nextint(CODE_SEQ.length)]));
}
return sb.toString();
}
public static String randomNumberString(int length) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
sb.append(String.valueOf(NUMBER_ARRAY[random.nextint(NUMBER_ARRAY.length)]));
}
return sb.toString();
}
public static Color randomColor(int fc,int bc) {
int f = fc;
int b = bc;
Random random = new Random();
if (f > 255) {
f = 255;
}
if (b > 255) {
b = 255;
}
return new Color(f + random.nextint(b - f),f + random.nextint(b - f),f + random.nextint(b - f));
}
public static int nextint(int bound) {
return random.nextint(bound);
}
}
經過以上程式碼，我們的驗證碼生成功能基本上已經實現了，現在還需要一個controller來呼叫它。
@ApiOperation(value = "驗證碼")
@GetMapping("/verifyCode")
public void verifyCode(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
IVerifyCodeGen iVerifyCodeGen = new SimpleCharVerifyCodeGenImpl();
try {
//設定長寬
VerifyCode verifyCode = iVerifyCodeGen.generate(80,28);
String code = verifyCode.getCode();
LOGGER.info(code);
//將VerifyCode繫結session
request.getSession().setAttribute("VerifyCode",code);
//設定響應頭
response.setHeader("Pragma","no-cache");
//設定響應頭
response.setHeader("Cache-Control","no-cache");
//在代理伺服器端防止緩衝
response.setDateHeader("Expires",0);
//設定響應內容型別
response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
response.getOutputStream().write(verifyCode.getImgBytes());
response.getOutputStream().flush();
}
catch (IOException e) {
LOGGER.info("",e);
}
}
搞定！後臺編寫到此結束了。那麼又會有博友說了：“說好的實現效果呢？”
好吧，那麼我們繼續前端的程式碼編寫。
前端程式碼:
<html>
<body>
<div>
<input id="code" placeholder="驗證碼" type="text" class=""
style="width:170px">
<!-- 驗證碼 顯示 -->
<img οnclick="javascript:getvCode()" id="verifyimg" style="margin-left: 20px;"/>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
getvCode();
/**
* 獲取驗證碼
* 將驗證碼寫到login.html頁面的id = verifyimg 的地方
*/
function getvCode() {
document.getElementById("verifyimg").src = timestamp("http://127.0.0.1:81/verifyCode");
}
//為url新增時間戳
function timestamp(url) {
var getTimestamp = new Date().getTime();
if (url.indexOf("?") > -1) {
url = url + "×tamp=" + getTimestamp
} else {
url = url + "?timestamp=" + getTimestamp
}
return url;
};
</script>
</body>
</html>
可以實現點選圖片更換驗證碼。
實現效果：
當然文章開頭的截圖是我係統中的截圖，需要大家自己去根據自己的情況去開發前端了。
以上就是本文的全部內容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支援我們。