grep常用
阿新 • • 發佈:2020-12-21
拷貝一份demo檔案:
[email protected]:Demo$ cp /etc/passwd .
最常用的:
[email protected]:Demo$ grep "colord" passwd
colord:x:117:123:colord colour management daemon,,,:/var/lib/colord:/usr/sbin/nologin
忽略大小寫:
[email protected]:Demo$ grep -i "ColorD" passwd colord:x:117:123:colord colour management daemon,,,:/var/lib/colord:/usr/sbin/nologin
顯示行號:
[email protected]:Demo$ grep "colord" passwd -n
36:colord:x:117:123:colord colour management daemon,,,:/var/lib/colord:/usr/sbin/nologin
反向,不包含的行:
[email protected]:Demo$ grep -v "colord" passwd
統計行數:
[email protected]:Demo$ grep -c -v "colord" passwd
45
有的時候想看符合條件的上下文,上N行或者下N行:
# before 3 行
[email protected]:Demo$ grep -B 3 "colord" passwd
saned:x:114:119::/var/lib/saned:/usr/sbin/nologin
pulse:x:115:120:PulseAudio daemon,,,:/var/run/pulse:/usr/sbin/nologin
avahi:x:116:122:Avahi mDNS daemon,,,:/var/run/avahi-daemon:/usr/sbin/nologin
colord:x:117:123:colord colour management daemon,,,:/var/lib/colord:/usr/sbin/nologin
# after 3行
colord:x:117:123:colord colour management daemon,,,:/var/lib/colord:/usr/sbin/nologin
hplip:x:118:7:HPLIP system user,,,:/var/run/hplip:/bin/false
geoclue:x:119:124::/var/lib/geoclue:/usr/sbin/nologin
gnome-initial-setup:x:120:65534::/run/gnome-initial-setup/:/bin/false
# content 3行,也就是上下都擴充套件3行
[email protected]:Demo$ grep -C 3 "colord" passwd
saned:x:114:119::/var/lib/saned:/usr/sbin/nologin
pulse:x:115:120:PulseAudio daemon,,,:/var/run/pulse:/usr/sbin/nologin
avahi:x:116:122:Avahi mDNS daemon,,,:/var/run/avahi-daemon:/usr/sbin/nologin
colord:x:117:123:colord colour management daemon,,,:/var/lib/colord:/usr/sbin/nologin
hplip:x:118:7:HPLIP system user,,,:/var/run/hplip:/bin/false
geoclue:x:119:124::/var/lib/geoclue:/usr/sbin/nologin
gnome-initial-setup:x:120:65534::/run/gnome-initial-setup/:/bin/false
在一個目錄下,搜尋所有符合條件的檔案:
# 先cp一份一樣的
[email protected]:Demo$ cp passwd passwd_cp
# 使用-r引數,並且指定一個目錄
[email protected]:Demo$ grep -r "colord" .
./passwd:colord:x:117:123:colord colour management daemon,,,:/var/lib/colord:/usr/sbin/nologin
./passwd_cp:colord:x:117:123:colord colour management daemon,,,:/var/lib/colord:/usr/sbin/nologin
# 不想看詳情,只想要檔名
[email protected]:Demo$ grep -rl "colord" .
./passwd
./passwd_cp