函式物件與閉包
阿新 • • 發佈：2020-12-26
1. 函式物件優化多分支if的程式碼練熟
def exit(): print('退出') def login(): print('登入功能') def transfer(): print('轉賬功能個') def check_balance(): print('餘額查詢功能') def withdraw(): print('提現功能') def register(): print('註冊功能') func_dic = { '1': ('login',login), '2': ('transfer',transfer),'3': ('check_balance',check_balance), '4': ('withdraw',withdraw), '5': ('register',register), '0': ('exit',exit), } def main(): for i, j in func_dic.items(): print('{}:{}'.format(i, j[0])) while True: operate = input('請輸入待選事項序號：') if not operate.isdigit():print('請重新輸入序號') continue if operate in func_dic: func_dic[operate][1]() else: print('請重新輸入正確序號') main()
2. 編寫計數器功能，要求呼叫一次在原有的基礎上加一
def outter_calculate(): n = 0 def calculate(): nonlocal n n += 1 return n returncalculate calculate = outter_calculate() print(calculate()) print(calculate()) print(calculate()) print(calculate()) print(calculate())
3. ATM程式
''' ATM程式 # 編寫ATM程式實現下述功能，資料來源於檔案db.txt # 0、註冊功能：使用者輸入賬號名、密碼、金額，按照固定的格式存入檔案db.txt # 1、登入功能：使用者名稱不存在，要求必須先註冊，使用者名稱存在&輸錯三次鎖定，登入成功後記錄下登入狀態（提示：可以使用全域性變數來記錄） # 下述操作，要求登入後才能操作 # 1、充值功能：使用者輸入充值錢數，db.txt中該賬號錢數完成修改 # 2、轉賬功能：使用者A向用戶B轉賬1000元，db.txt中完成使用者A賬號減錢，使用者B賬號加錢 # 3、提現功能：使用者輸入提現金額，db.txt中該賬號錢數減少 # 4、查詢餘額功能：輸入賬號查詢餘額 ''' import os login_user = None # 註冊功能 def register(): while True: account_input = input('請輸入註冊賬號：').strip() password_input = input('請輸入密碼:').strip() money_input = input('請輸入存款額：').strip() with open(r'db.txt', 'rt', encoding='utf-8') as f1, \ open(r'db.txt', 'at', encoding='utf-8') as f2: for line in f1: account, password, money = line.strip().split(':') if account_input == account: print('賬號已存在，請重新輸入！') break else: f2.write('\n{}:{}:{}'.format(account_input, password_input, money_input)) global login_user login_user = account_input print('賬號註冊成功') break # 登入功能 # login_user = None def login(): amount = True n = 0 while amount: account_input = input('請輸入賬號：').strip() password_input = input('請輸入密碼:').strip() with open(r'db.txt', 'rt', encoding='utf-8') as f1, \ open(r'blacklist.txt', 'rt', encoding='utf-8') as f2: for line1 in f2: account_black, *_ = line1.strip().split(':') if account_black == account_input: print('對不起，該賬號已被鎖定，程式即將退出！') exit() else: for line2 in f1: account, password, *_ = line2.strip().split(':') if account_input == account: if password_input == password: global login_user login_user = account_input # print('登陸成功') print(login_user) amount = False break elif n == 2: with open(r'blacklist.txt', 'at', encoding='utf-8') as f3: f3.write('{}:{}\n'.format(account_input, password_input)) amount = False print('非常抱歉，您已輸錯三次密碼') print('您的賬號已被鎖定') break elif password_input != password: n += 1 print('密碼錯誤，請重新輸入！') print(n) break else: print('使用者不存在，請先註冊') register() amount = False # 登入後操作 # 充值功能 def recharge(): account = login_user money_input = input('請輸入充值金額：').strip() money_input = int(money_input) with open(r'db.txt', 'rt', encoding='utf-8') as f1, \ open(r'db.txt.swap', 'wt', encoding='utf-8') as f2: for line in f1: acc, *_, money = line.strip().split(':') money = int(money) if acc == account: line = line.replace(str(money), str(money + money_input)) f2.write(line) print('充值金額為{}，餘額為{}'.format(money_input, money + money_input)) else: f2.write(line) os.remove(r'db.txt') os.rename(r'db.txt.swap', r'db.txt') # 轉賬功能 def transfer(): account = login_user account_receive = input('請輸入接收賬戶：') money_input = input('請輸入轉賬金額：') money_input = int(money_input) with open(r'db.txt', 'rt', encoding='utf-8') as f1, \ open(r'db.txt.swap', 'wt', encoding='utf-8') as f2: for line in f1: acc, *_, money = line.strip().split(':') money = int(money) if acc == account: line = line.replace(str(money), str(money - money_input)) f2.write(line) print('{}向{}轉賬{}元,{}餘額為{}'.format(account, account_receive, money_input, account, money - money_input)) elif acc == account_receive: line = line.replace(str(money), str(money + money_input)) f2.write(line) print('{}餘額為{}'.format(account_receive, money + money_input)) else: f2.write(line) os.remove(r'db.txt') os.rename(r'db.txt.swap', r'db.txt') # 提現功能 def withdraw(): account = login_user money_input = input('請輸入提現金額：') money_input = int(money_input) with open(r'db.txt', 'rt', encoding='utf-8') as f1, \ open(r'db.txt.swap', 'wt', encoding='utf-8') as f2: for line in f1: acc, *_, money = line.strip().split(':') money = int(money) if acc == account: line = line.replace(str(money), str(money - money_input)) print(money - money_input) f2.write(line) print('提現金額為{}，餘額為{}'.format(money_input, money - money_input)) else: f2.write(line) os.remove(r'db.txt') os.rename(r'db.txt.swap', r'db.txt') # 餘額查詢 def remainder(): account = login_user with open(r'db.txt', 'rt', encoding='utf-8') as f1: for line in f1: acc, *_, money = line.strip().split(':') if acc == account: print('餘額為{}元'.format(money)) # 主程式 dic_outer = { '1': ('註冊', register), '2': ('登入', login), '0': ('退出', None) } dic_inner = { '1': ('充值', recharge), '2': ('轉賬', transfer), '3': ('提現', withdraw), '4': ('查詢餘額', remainder), '0': ('退出', None) } while True: for i, j in dic_outer.items(): print('{}:{}'.format(i, j[0])) choice_out = input('請選擇操作專案').strip() if not choice_out.isdigit(): print('請重新輸入正確數字') if choice_out in dic_outer: if choice_out == '0': exit() else: dic_outer[choice_out][1]() if login_user == None: print('程式即將退出') break # print(login_user) while True: for i, j in dic_inner.items(): # print(login_user) print('{}:{}'.format(i, j[0])) choice_in = input('請選擇操作專案').strip() if not choice_in.isdigit(): print('請重新輸入正確數字') if choice_in in dic_inner: if choice_in == '0': exit() else: dic_inner[choice_in][1]() else: print('數字超限，請重新輸入')