專案要求：

讀完題目，首先我們要確定程式思路

我們要全部通過類去實現

也就是 我們要實現管理員、學生、講師、課程、教師五個類

管理員類

class Administration(object):
 def __init__(self):
  self.data = self.__load()
  self.login_data = {}

 def __load(self) -> list:
  try:
   Adm = open('Administration.csv','r')
   readers = csv.DictReader(Adm)
   Adm_dict = [dict(i) for i in readers]
   Adm.close()
   return Adm_dict
  except Exception:
   print('檔案讀取失敗')

 def see_course(self):
  print('當前所有的課程資訊為：')
  for i in cou.data:
   print(i)
  print()

 def see_student(self):
  print('當前所有的學生資訊為：')
  for i in stu.data:
   print(i)
  print()

 def see_student_course(self):
  print('當前所有學生的選課資訊為:')
  for i in stu.data:
   print(i['姓名'],'的選課資訊為：',i['課程'])
  print()

 def set_course(self):
  name = input('請輸入你想新增的課程名')
  c = [i['名稱'] for i in cou.data]
  if name in c:
   print('你準備新增的課程 已經存在')
  else:
   cou.data.append({'名稱': name,'人數': 0})
   print('新增成功!')
   print()

 def set_student(self):
  name = input('請輸入你想新增的學生的姓名')
  ID = input('請輸入此學生的ID')
  if ID in [i['ID'] for i in stu.data]:
   print('這個ID已經存在，新增失敗')
   return
  print('學生賬號預設密碼123456')
  password = 123456
  stu.data.append({'姓名': name,'ID': ID,'密碼': password,'課程': ''})
  print('新增成功!')
  print()

 def set_teacher(self):
  name = input('請輸入你想新增的老師的姓名')
  ID = input('請輸入此老師的ID')
  if ID in [i['ID'] for i in tea.data]:
   print('這個ID已經存在，新增失敗')
   return
  print('老師賬號預設密碼123456')
  password = 123456
  tea.data.append({'姓名': name,'課程': ''})
  print('新增成功!')
  print()

 def app_teacher_to_class(self):
  t_name = input('請輸入你想操作的老師名')
  if t_name not in [i['姓名'] for i in tea.data]:
   print('你想操作的老師不存在，請重新操作')
   return
  c_name = input('請輸入你想讓該老師任課的班級')
  if c_name not in [i['班名'] for i in cla.data]:
   print('你想讓老師任教的班級不存在，請重新操作')
   return
  for i in tea.data:
   if i['姓名'] == t_name:
    i['班級'] = c_name
  for i in cla.data:
   if i['班名'] == c_name:
    i['任課老師'] = t_name
  print('操作成功')

 def set_class(self):
  name = input('請輸入你想建立的班級的名稱:')
  if name in [i['班名'] for i in cla.data]:
   print('你想建立的班級已經存在，請重新操作')
   return
  if int(input('是否新增任課老師，是輸入1，否輸入0')):
   t_name = input('請輸入你想新增的老師名')
   if t_name not in [i['姓名'] for i in tea.data]:
    print('你想操作的老師不存在，請重新操作')
    return
  else:
   t_name = ''
  s_name_list = []
  while int(input('是否新增學生，是輸入1，否輸入0')):
   s_name = input('輸入你想新增的學生名')
   if s_name not in [i['姓名'] for i in stu.data]:
    print('你想操作的學生不存在，請重新操作')
    return
   else:
    s_name_list.append(s_name)
  s_name = ''
  if s_name_list == []:
   cla.data.append({'班名': name,'任課老師': t_name,'學生': s_name})
   print('操作成功')
  else:
   cla.data.append({'班名': name,'學生': s_name.join(s_name_list)})
   print('操作成功')

 def app_student_to_class(self):
  s_name = input('請輸入你想操作的學生名')
  if s_name not in [i['姓名'] for i in stu.data]:
   print('你想操作的學生不存在，請重新操作')
   return
  c_name = input('請輸入你想讓該學生進入的班級')
  if c_name not in [i['班名'] for i in cla.data]:
   print('你想讓學生進入的班級不存在，請重新操作')
   return
  for i in stu.data:
   if i['姓名'] == s_name:
    i['班級'] = c_name
  for i in cla.data:
   if i['班名'] == c_name:
    i['任課老師'] = s_name
  print('操作成功')

 def save(self):
  try:
   j = open('Administration.csv','w')
   writer = csv.writer(j)
   writer.writerow(list(self.data[0].keys()))
   data = [list(i.values()) for i in self.data]
   writer.writerows(data)
   j.close()
  except Exception:
   print('檔案讀取失敗')

學生類

class Student(object):
 def __init__(self):
  self.data = self.__load()
  self.login_data = {}

 def __load(self):
  try:
   Stu = open('Student.csv','r')
   readers = csv.DictReader(Stu)
   Stu_dict = [dict(i) for i in readers]
   Stu.close()
   return Stu_dict
  except Exception:
   print('檔案讀取失敗')

 def see_course(self):
  print('當前所有的課程資訊為：')
  for i in cou.data:
   print(i)
  print()

 def choice_course(self):
  # print(self.data)
  c = [i['名稱'] for i in cou.data]
  c_name = input('請輸入你想選擇的課程名：')
  if c_name not in c:
   print('你選擇的課程不在課程列表中')
   return
  else:
   self.login_data['課程']: str = self.login_data['課程'] + c_name + ' '
   for i in cou.data:
    if i['名稱'] == c_name:
     i['人數'] = int(i['人數']) + 1
  print('操作成功')

 def see_own_course(self):
  if self.login_data['課程'] == '':
   print('你未選擇任何課程')
  else:
   print(self.login_data['課程'])

 def save(self):
  try:
   j = open('Student.csv','w')
   writer = csv.writer(j)
   writer.writerow(list(self.data[0].keys()))
   data = [list(i.values()) for i in self.data]
   writer.writerows(data)
  except Exception:
   print('檔案讀取失敗')

課程類

class Course(object):
 def __init__(self):
  self.data = self.__load()

 def __load(self):
  try:
   Cou = open('Course.csv','r')
   readers = csv.DictReader(Cou)
   Cou_dict = [dict(i) for i in readers]
   Cou.close()
   return Cou_dict
  except Exception:
   print('檔案讀取失敗')

 def save(self):
  try:
   j = open('Course.csv','w')
   writer = csv.writer(j)
   writer.writerow(list(self.data[0].keys()))
   data = [list(i.values()) for i in self.data]
   writer.writerows(data)
  except Exception:
   print('檔案讀取失敗')

教室類

class Classroom(object):
 def __init__(self):
  self.data = self.__load()

 def __load(self):
  try:
   Cla = open('Classroom.csv','r')
   readers = csv.DictReader(Cla)
   Cla_dict = [dict(i) for i in readers]
   Cla.close()
   return Cla_dict
  except Exception:
   print('檔案讀取失敗')

 def save(self):
  try:
   j = open('Classroom.csv','w')
   writer = csv.writer(j)
   writer.writerow(list(self.data[0].keys()))
   data = [list(i.values()) for i in self.data]
   writer.writerows(data)
  except Exception:
   print('檔案讀取失敗')

教師類

class Teacher(object):
 def __init__(self):
  self.data = self.__load()
  self.login_data = {}

 def __load(self):
  try:
   Tea = open('Teacher.csv','r')
   readers = csv.DictReader(Tea)
   Tea_dict = [dict(i) for i in readers]
   Tea.close()
   return Tea_dict
  except Exception:
   print('檔案讀取失敗')

 def see_course(self):
  print('當前所有的課程資訊為：')
  for i in cou.data:
   print(i)
  print()

 def see_class(self):
  print('所教班級為:',self.login_data['班級'])
  print()

 def see_class_student(self):
  print('所教班級中的學生為：')
  for i in cla.data:
   if i['班名'] == self.login_data['班級']:
    print(i['學生'])
  print()

 def save(self):
  try:
   j = open('Teacher.csv','w')
   writer = csv.writer(j)
   writer.writerow(list(self.data[0].keys()))
   data = [list(i.values()) for i in self.data]
   writer.writerows(data)
  except Exception:
   print('檔案讀取失敗')

完整程式碼如下：

import csv
import time


class Administration(object):
 def __init__(self):
  self.data = self.__load()
  self.login_data = {}

 def __load(self) -> list:
  try:
   Adm = open('Administration.csv','w')
   writer = csv.writer(j)
   writer.writerow(list(self.data[0].keys()))
   data = [list(i.values()) for i in self.data]
   writer.writerows(data)
   j.close()
  except Exception:
   print('檔案讀取失敗')


class Student(object):
 def __init__(self):
  self.data = self.__load()
  self.login_data = {}

 def __load(self):
  try:
   Stu = open('Student.csv','w')
   writer = csv.writer(j)
   writer.writerow(list(self.data[0].keys()))
   data = [list(i.values()) for i in self.data]
   writer.writerows(data)
  except Exception:
   print('檔案讀取失敗')


class Course(object):
 def __init__(self):
  self.data = self.__load()

 def __load(self):
  try:
   Cou = open('Course.csv','w')
   writer = csv.writer(j)
   writer.writerow(list(self.data[0].keys()))
   data = [list(i.values()) for i in self.data]
   writer.writerows(data)
  except Exception:
   print('檔案讀取失敗')


class Classroom(object):
 def __init__(self):
  self.data = self.__load()

 def __load(self):
  try:
   Cla = open('Classroom.csv','w')
   writer = csv.writer(j)
   writer.writerow(list(self.data[0].keys()))
   data = [list(i.values()) for i in self.data]
   writer.writerows(data)
  except Exception:
   print('檔案讀取失敗')


class Teacher(object):
 def __init__(self):
  self.data = self.__load()
  self.login_data = {}

 def __load(self):
  try:
   Tea = open('Teacher.csv','w')
   writer = csv.writer(j)
   writer.writerow(list(self.data[0].keys()))
   data = [list(i.values()) for i in self.data]
   writer.writerows(data)
  except Exception:
   print('檔案讀取失敗')


def login(ID,password) -> int:
 # 判斷是否為管理員
 for i in adm.data:
  if ID == i['ID'] and password == i['密碼']:
   adm.login_data = i
   return 1
 # 判斷是否為學生
 for i in stu.data:
  if ID == i['ID'] and password == i['密碼']:
   stu.login_data = i
   return 2
 # 判斷是否為老師
 for i in tea.data:
  if ID == i['ID'] and password == i['密碼']:
   tea.login_data = i
   return 3
 return 0


if __name__ == '__main__':
 print('歡迎來到久的學生選課系統')
 time.sleep(0.5)
 print('正在載入中~')
 adm = Administration()
 stu = Student()
 cou = Course()
 tea = Teacher()
 cla = Classroom()
 time.sleep(0.3)
 print('載入完畢')
 while True:
  ID = input('請輸入你的賬號：')
  password = input('請輸入你的密碼：')
  flag = login(ID,password)
  if not flag:
   print('輸入的賬號或密碼錯誤')
   flag_1 = int(input('是否重新登入 重新登入輸入1 取消登入輸入0'))
   if flag_1:
    continue
   else:
    break
  elif flag == 1:
   print('歡迎管理員')
   break
  elif flag == 2:
   print('歡迎學生')
   break
  elif flag == 3:
   print('歡迎老師')
   break
 if flag == 1:
  while True:
   check = int(
    input(
     '1.建立課程\n2.建立學生賬號\n3.檢視所有課程\n4.檢視所有學生\n5.檢視所有學生的選課資訊\n6.建立講師'
     '\n7.為講師指定班級\n8.建立班級\n9.為學生指定班級\n10.退出程式'))
   if check == 1:
    adm.set_course()
   elif check == 2:
    adm.set_student()
   elif check == 3:
    adm.see_course()
   elif check == 4:
    adm.see_student()
   elif check == 5:
    adm.see_student_course()
   elif check == 6:
    adm.set_teacher()
   elif check == 7:
    adm.app_teacher_to_class()
   elif check == 8:
    adm.set_class()
   elif check == 9:
    adm.app_student_to_class()
   elif check == 10:
    break
 elif flag == 2:
  while True:
   check = int(input('1.檢視所有課程\n2.檢視所選課程\n3.選擇課程\n4.退出程式'))
   if check == 1:
    stu.see_course()
   elif check == 2:
    stu.see_own_course()
   elif check == 3:
    stu.choice_course()
   elif check == 4:
    break
 elif flag == 3:
  while True:
   check = int(input('1.檢視所有課程\n2.檢視所教班級\n3.檢視班級中的學生\n4.退出程式'))
   if check == 1:
    tea.see_course()
   elif check == 2:
    tea.see_class()
   elif check == 3:
    tea.see_class_student()
   elif check == 4:
    break
 print('資料儲存中~')
 adm.save()
 tea.save()
 stu.save()
 cla.save()
 cou.save()
 time.sleep(0.5)
 print('感謝您的使用！')

整個系統的資料全部單獨存在，並存儲在csv檔案中

效果圖：

總結

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