使用Idea簡單搭建springcloud專案
前言:
開發工具:IntelliJ IDEA 2020版 (Ultimate Edition)
框架:spring boot 、spring cloud
搭建一套spring cloud微服務系統,實現服務之間的呼叫。
需要搭建一個父工程springcloud-test,一個服務註冊中心eureka-server,兩個微服務cloud-client,cloud-provider。
兩個微服務均註冊到服務註冊中心。
一.搭建父專案
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2.
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3.
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(1)刪掉src目錄
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(2)定義pom.xml檔案
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 二.搭建eureka-server註冊中心 1. 在這裡插入圖片描述 2. 在這裡插入圖片描述 3. 在這裡插入圖片描述 4. 在這裡插入圖片描述 5. 在這裡插入圖片描述 6. (1)定義pom.xml檔案 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.4.1</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <groupId>com.chen.test</groupId> <artifactId>springcloud-test</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>pom</packaging> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties>
4.0.0
<!--引入父工程依賴--> <parent> <groupId>com.chen.test</groupId> <artifactId>springcloud-test</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <groupId>com.chen.test</groupId> <artifactId>eureka-server</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>eureka-server</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> <spring-cloud.version>2020.0.0</spring-cloud.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> <repositories> <repository> <id>spring-milestones</id> <name>Spring Milestones</name> <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url> </repository> </repositories>
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(2)刪掉test資料夾(自己設定,可有可無)
(3)啟動加註解@EnableEurekaServer(開啟eureka服務)
package com.chen.test.eurekaserver;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class EurekaServerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class, args);
}
}
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(4)定義配置檔案
配置檔案改為application.yml(可有可無,看自己喜好)
server:
port: 8080
spring:
application:
#應用名稱(在註冊中顯示的)
name: eureka-server
eureka:
client:
#此客戶端是否獲取eureka伺服器登錄檔上的註冊資訊,預設為true
fetch-registry: false
#例項是否在eureka伺服器上註冊自己的資訊以供其他服務發現,預設為true,即自己註冊自己。
register-with-eureka: true
#與Eureka註冊服務中心的通訊zone和url地址
serviceUrl:
#http://localhost:8080/eureka/eureka
defaultZone: http://
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{eureka.instance.hostname}:
eureka.instance.hostname:{server.port}/eureka
#服務註冊中心例項的主機名
instance:
hostname: 127.0.0.1
prefer-ip-address: true
instance-id: 127.0.0.1:8080
server:
#設為false,關閉自我保護,即Eureka server在雲心光器件會去統計心跳失敗比例在15分鐘之內是否低於85%,如果低於85%,EurekaServer
#會將這些事例保護起來,讓這些事例不會過期,但是在保護器內如果剛哈這個服務提供者非正常下線了,此時服務消費者會拿到一個無效的服務
#例項,此時呼叫會失敗,對於這個問題需要服務消費者端有一些容錯機制,如重試、斷路器等;
enable-self-preservation: false
#掃描失效服務的間隔時間(單位是毫秒,摩恩是60*1000),即60s
eviction-interval-timer-in-ms: 10000
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(5)測試
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三.搭建提供者服務
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6.
(1)定義pom.xml檔案
4.0.0
com.chen.test
springcloud-test
1.0-SNAPSHOT
<groupId>com.chen.test</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-provider</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>cloud-provider</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>2020.0.0</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>spring-milestones</id>
<name>Spring Milestones</name>
<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
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(2)刪除test檔案加(可有可無)
(3)修改配置檔案為application.yml(可有可無)
spring:
application:
name: cloud-provider
server:
port: 8081
eureka:
client:
#此客戶端是否獲取eureka伺服器登錄檔上的註冊資訊,預設為true
fetch-registry: false
#例項是否在eureka伺服器上註冊自己的資訊以供其他服務發現,預設為true,即自己註冊自己。
register-with-eureka: true
service-url:
#defaultZone 這個是不會提示的,此處需要自己寫
#實際上屬性應該是service-url,這個屬性是個map(key-value)格式;當key是defaultZone的時候才能被解析;所以這裡沒有提示,
#但是自己還需要寫一個defaultZone;
defaultZone: http://localhost:8080/eureka
#服務註冊中心例項的主機名
instance:
hostname: 127.0.0.1
prefer-ip-address: true
instance-id: 127.0.0.1:8081
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(4)啟動類加註解@EnableEurekaClient
package com.chen.test.cloudprovider;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class CloudProviderApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(CloudProviderApplication.class, args);
}
}
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(5)測試
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四.搭建消費者服務
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5.
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(1)定義pom.xml檔案
4.0.0
com.chen.test
springcloud-test
1.0-SNAPSHOT
<groupId>com.chen.demo</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-client</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>cloud-client</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>2020.0.0</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>spring-milestones</id>
<name>Spring Milestones</name>
<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
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(2)刪除test資料夾(可有可無)
(3)修改配置檔案為application.yml(可有可無)
server:
#定義埠號
port: 8082
spring:
application:
#定義應用名稱,即服務名稱
name: cloud-client
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8080/eureka
#服務註冊中心例項的主機名
instance:
hostname: 127.0.0.1
prefer-ip-address: true
instance-id: 127.0.0.1:8082
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(4)啟動類加註解@EnableEurekaClient
package com.chen.demo.cloudclient;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class CloudClientApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(CloudClientApplication.class, args);
}
}
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(5)測試
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(6)在父pom中加上
<modules>
<module>eureka-server</module>
<module>cloud-provider</module>
<module>cloud-client</module>
</modules>
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五.實現服務之間的呼叫
1.在cloud-provider中建立controller包和service包
package com.chen.test.cloudprovider.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.chen.test.cloudprovider.service.HelloService;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public class HelloController {
@Autowired
private HelloService helloService;
@GetMapping("/getHello")
public String getHello(){
return helloService.getHello();
}
}
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package com.chen.test.cloudprovider.service;
public interface HelloService {
String getHello();
}
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package com.chen.test.cloudprovider.service.impl;
import com.chen.test.cloudprovider.service.HelloService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class HelloServiceImpl implements HelloService {
@Override
public String getHello() {
return "你好兄弟";
}
}
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(2)測試
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(3)在cloud-client中建立controller包和service包
package com.chen.demo.cloudclient.controller;
import com.chen.demo.cloudclient.service.HelloService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/Hello")
public class HelloClient {
@Autowired
private HelloService helloService;
@GetMapping("/getClient")
public String getClient(){
return helloService.getProduct();
}
}
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package com.chen.demo.cloudclient.service;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
//name 為product專案中application.yml配置檔案中的application.name;
//path 為product專案中application.yml配置檔案中的context.path;
@FeignClient(name = “cloud-provider”,path ="/hello" )
//@Componet註解最好加上,不加idea會顯示有錯誤,但是不影響系統執行;
@Component
public interface HelloService {
@RequestMapping(value = "getHello")
String getProduct();
}
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特別注意
在啟動類加上註解@EnableFeignClients
package com.chen.demo.cloudclient;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class CloudClientApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(CloudClientApplication.class, args);
}
}
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(4)測試
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