解決 TypeError: BlockedIPSMiddleware() takes no arguments
阿新 • • 發佈：2021-01-11
解決 TypeError: BlockedIPSMiddleware() takes no arguments
在定義中介軟體類的時候出現了這個錯誤
環境介紹：
python3.8+Django2.2
建立這個中介軟體類是為了阻止某些IP地址訪問你的伺服器
就把某人拉入黑名單一樣
你的應用下建立 middleware.py 檔案
from django.http import HttpResponse class BlockedIPSMiddleware(object): """中介軟體類""" # 黑名單IP列表 EXCLUDE_IPS = ['192.168.119.1'] # 中介軟體函式 def process_view(self, request, view_func, *view_args, **view_kwargs): """檢視函式呼叫之前會先呼叫此函式""" # 獲取對方訪問伺服器的IP地址 user_ip = request.META['REMOTE_ADDR'] # 進行校驗，是否在你的黑名單中 if user_ip in BlockedIPSMiddleware.EXCLUDE_IPS: # 如果在你的黑名單中，給予禁止 return HttpResponse('<h1>Forbidden</h1>')
在settings.py註冊你的中介軟體類
納悶 setting.py 裡面怎麼沒有 MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES
乾脆直接寫在MIDDLEWARE裡面吧
MIDDLEWARE = [ 'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware', 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware', 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware', 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware', 'booktest.middleware.BlockedIPSMiddleware', # 註冊中介軟體類 ]
執行伺服器是出現了
^C(enzo) [email protected]:~/enzo_test/test5$ python manage.py runserver 192.168.119.2:8000 Watching for file changes with StatReloader Performing system checks... System check identified no issues (0 silenced). December 29, 2020 - 10:51:44 Django version 2.2.17, using settings 'test5.settings' Starting development server at http://192.168.119.2:8000/ Quit the server with CONTROL-C. Exception in thread django-main-thread: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python3.8/threading.py", line 932, in _bootstrap_inner self.run() File "/usr/lib/python3.8/threading.py", line 870, in run self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs) File "/home/victoire/.virtualenvs/enzo/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 54, in wrapper fn(*args, **kwargs) File "/home/victoire/.virtualenvs/enzo/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 137, in inner_run handler = self.get_handler(*args, **options) File "/home/victoire/.virtualenvs/enzo/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/runserver.py", line 27, in get_handler handler = super().get_handler(*args, **options) File "/home/victoire/.virtualenvs/enzo/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 64, in get_handler return get_internal_wsgi_application() File "/home/victoire/.virtualenvs/enzo/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/servers/basehttp.py", line 45, in get_internal_wsgi_application return import_string(app_path) File "/home/victoire/.virtualenvs/enzo/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/module_loading.py", line 17, in import_string module = import_module(module_path) File "/usr/lib/python3.8/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1014, in _gcd_import File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 991, in _find_and_load File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 975, in _find_and_load_unlocked File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 671, in _load_unlocked File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 783, in exec_module File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed File "/home/victoire/enzo_test/test5/test5/wsgi.py", line 16, in <module> application = get_wsgi_application() File "/home/victoire/.virtualenvs/enzo/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/wsgi.py", line 13, in get_wsgi_application return WSGIHandler() File "/home/victoire/.virtualenvs/enzo/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 135, in __init__ self.load_middleware() File "/home/victoire/.virtualenvs/enzo/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 37, in load_middleware mw_instance = middleware(handler) TypeError: BlockedIPSMiddleware() takes no arguments
發現是這個錯誤
TypeError: BlockedIPSMiddleware() takes no arguments
我也不知道沒有論點是什麼意思
拿這個錯誤去Google下
找到了如下
解決方法：
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.utils.deprecation import MiddlewareMixin
class BlockedIPSMiddleware(MiddlewareMixin):
EXCLUDE_IPS = ['192.168.119.1']
def process_view(self, request, view_func, *view_args, **view_kwargs):
user_ip = request.META['REMOTE_ADDR']
if user_ip in BlockedIPSMiddleware.EXCLUDE_IPS:
return HttpResponse('<h1>Forbidden</h1>')
執行伺服器 成功
^C(enzo) [email protected]:~/enzo_test/test5$ python manage.py runserver 192.168.119.2:8000
Watching for file changes with StatReloader
Performing system checks...
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
December 29, 2020 - 10:53:34
Django version 2.2.17, using settings 'test5.settings'
Starting development server at http://192.168.119.2:8000/
Quit the server with CONTROL-C.
測試這個被禁止的ip地址下訪問伺服器，果然不能訪問
自學django，只有網路可以幫我，網上繼續查詢相關資訊
發現：
出現這個錯誤的原因是 Django2.X 版本取消了中介軟體類
你可以使用上述方法 繼續2.X版本之前的方法使用中介軟體類
自己網上找資料發現：
這個的案例 在2.X以後的版本中 可以這樣使用
在你的應用下建立一個 middleware.py 檔案
from django.http import HttpResponse
def blocked_ips(get_response):
def middleware(request):
EXCLUDE_IPS = ['192.168.119.1']
user_ip = request.META['REMOTE_ADDR']
if user_ip in EXCLUDE_IPS:
return HttpResponse('<h1>Forbidden</h1>')
return get_response(request)
return middleware
在settings.py註冊你的中介軟體方法
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
'booktest.middleware.blocked_ips', # 註冊中介軟體
]
執行伺服器，發現被禁止的IP地址，無法訪問本伺服器
自學之路，好難，一知半解，稀裡糊塗，不知道能走多遠。。。
管它能走多遠，走就行了
這是我的第三篇筆記 前兩篇 都是自己給自己點贊 加油