技術標籤：java介面抽象類繼承多型

【JAVA】—簡單的圖書管理系統

• • 簡介
  • 相關類
  • • Book 類-書籍
    • Book List 類-書架
    • operation類-操作
    • User 類-抽象類
    • NormalUser類-普通使用者
    • AdminUser類-管理員
  • 功能
  • • 1、簡單的登入
    • 2、管理端
    • • - 查閱書籍
      • - 增加書籍
      • - 刪除書籍
      • - 列印書籍列表
      • - 退出
    • 3、使用者端
    • • - 查詢書籍
      • - 借閱書籍
      • - 歸還書籍
      • - 退出
  • 原始碼

簡介

物品：書籍 書架
人物：使用者 管理員
操作：增加 刪除 查詢 修改

相關類

Book 類-書籍

private String name;//書名
    private String author;//作者
    private Integer price;//價格
    private  String type;//型別
    private boolean status;//是否借出 預設false

    public Book(String name, String author, Integer price, String type) {
        this.name = name;
        this.author = author;
        this.price = price;
        this.type = type;
    }
 

Book List 類-書架

public int usedSize;
    private Book[] books;
    public BookList() {
        this.books = new Book[10];
        //在引用操作前書架就有書
        books[0] = new Book("三國","羅貫中",12,"小說");
        books[1] = new Book("西遊記","吳承恩",32,"小說");
        books[2] = new Book("水滸傳","施耐庵",52,"小說");
        this.usedSize = 3;
    }
 

operation類-操作

先建立 package operation

//這是一個介面其好處在於: 讓操作和操作之間低耦合, 讓操作和使用者之間低耦合

public interface IOperation {
     
     void  work(BookList bookList);
     
}

接下來建立一組操作類, 每個類對應一個使用者的動作.

AddOperation 
DelOperation 
FindOperation 
RemoveOperation 
DisplayOperation 
BorrowOperation 
ReturnOperation 
ExitOperation
 

User 類-抽象類

User 類是一個抽象類, 每個子類需要做兩件事情

1. 初始化對應的運算元組
2. 實現 Menu 選單

public String name;
    public IOperation[] operations;
    public User(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public abstract int  menu();//使用者操作選單

    public void doOperation(int choice, BookList bookList){
        //看這個陣列當中 存的到底是哪些操作
        this.operations[choice].work(bookList);
    }

NormalUser類-普通使用者

public NormalUser(String name) {
        super(name);
        this.operations =new IOperation[]{
                new ExitOperation(),
                new FindOperation(),
                new BorrowOperation(),
                new ReturnOperation()
        };
    }

    @Override
    public int  menu() {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("普通使用者選單");
        System.out.println("=======================");
        System.out.println("hello" + this.name+"歡迎來到圖書系統");
        System.out.println("1.查詢圖書");
        System.out.println("2.借閱圖書");
        System.out.println("3.歸還圖書");
        System.out.println("0.退出系統");
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
    }

AdminUser類-管理員

public AdminUser(String name) {
        super(name);
        this.operations = new IOperation[]{
                new ExitOperation(),
                new FindOperation(),
                new AddOperation(),
                new DelOperation(),
                new DisplayOperation()

        };
    }

    @Override
    public int menu() {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("管理員選單");
        System.out.println("=======================");
        System.out.println("hello" + this.name+"歡迎來到圖書系統");
        System.out.println("1.查詢圖書");
        System.out.println("2.新增圖書");
        System.out.println("3.刪除圖書");
        System.out.println("4.顯示圖書");
        System.out.println("0.退出系統");
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
    }

功能

1、簡單的登入

public static User login(){
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("請輸入你的姓名");
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("請輸入你的身份：1-》管理員 0：普通使用者");
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        if (choice == 1){
            return new AdminUser(name);
        }else {
            return new NormalUser(name);
        }
    }

2、管理端

- 查閱書籍

public class FindOperation implements IOperation {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("查詢書籍");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("輸入要查詢的書名");
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) {
            Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
            if(book.getName().equals(name)) {
                System.out.println("有這本書！");
                System.out.println(book);
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("沒有這本書！");
    }
}

- 增加書籍

public class AddOperation implements IOperation {

    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("增加書籍 ");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("請輸入圖書的名字");
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("請輸入圖書的作者");
        String author = scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("請輸入圖書的價格");
        int price = scanner.nextInt();
        System.out.println("請輸入圖書的型別");
        String type = scanner.next();
        Book book = new Book(name,author,price,type);
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();

        bookList.setBooks(currentSize,book);
        bookList.setUsedSize(currentSize+1);
    }
}

- 刪除書籍

public class DelOperation implements IOperation{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("刪除書籍");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("請輸入要刪除的書名");
        String name = scanner.nextLine();

        int i =0;
        for (; i <bookList.getUsedSize() ; i++) {
            Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
            if (book.getName().equals(name)){
                break;
            }
        }
        if (i>=bookList.getUsedSize()){
            System.out.println("no");
            return;
        }
        int pos = i;
        for (int j = pos; j <bookList.getUsedSize()-1 ; j++) {
            Book book = bookList.getBook(j+1);
            bookList.setBooks(j,book);
        }
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        bookList.setUsedSize(currentSize-1);
        System.out.println("刪除書籍完畢！");
    }
}

- 列印書籍列表

public class DisplayOperation implements IOperation {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("展示書籍");
        for (int i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) {
            Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
            System.out.println(book);
        }
    }
}

- 退出

public class ExitOperation implements IOperation {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("退出系統");
        System.exit(1);
    }
}

3、使用者端

- 查詢書籍

public class FindOperation implements IOperation {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("查詢書籍");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("輸入要查詢的書名");
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) {
            Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
            if(book.getName().equals(name)) {
                System.out.println("有這本書！");
                System.out.println(book);
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("沒有這本書！");
    }
}

- 借閱書籍

public class FindOperation implements IOperation {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("查詢書籍");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("輸入要查詢的書名");
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) {
            Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
            if(book.getName().equals(name)) {
                System.out.println("有這本書！");
                System.out.println(book);
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("沒有這本書！");
    }
}

- 歸還書籍

public class ReturnOperation implements IOperation {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("歸還書籍");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("請輸入要歸還的書名");
        String name = scanner.nextLine();

        for (int i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) {
            Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
            if(book.getName().equals(name)) {
                book.setStatus(false);
                System.out.println(book);
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("沒有你要歸還的這本書！");

    }
}

- 退出

public class ExitOperation implements IOperation {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("退出系統");
        System.exit(1);
    }
}

原始碼

GitHub原始碼
https://github.com/ZHANGHAHAAHA/javatest/tree/master/Study_01_18/src