上岸演算法 I LeetCode Weekly Contest 224解題報告
阿新 • • 發佈:2021-01-19
技術標籤:求職
No.1 可以形成最大正方形的矩形數目
解題思路
維護最大正方形的邊長並計數即可。
程式碼展示
class Solution {
public int countGoodRectangles(int[][] rectangles) {
int maxLen = 0, count = 0;
for (int[] rec : rectangles) {
int len = Math.min(rec[0], rec[1]);
if (len > maxLen) {
maxLen = len;
count = 0;
}
if (len == maxLen) {
count++;
}
}
return count;
}
}
No.2 同積元組
解題思路
用 Map 記錄每一種乘積的因數列表。
程式碼展示
class Solution {
public int tupleSameProduct(int[] nums) {
Arrays.sort(nums);
// map[i] 表示乘積為 i 的較小的因數的列表
// 比如 a * b == i 則 map[i].add(min(a, b))
Map<Integer, List<Integer>> map = new HashMap<>();
for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
for (int j = i + 1; j < nums.length; j++) {
int a = nums[i], b = nums[j];
int p = a * b;
if (!map.containsKey(p)) {
map.put(p, new ArrayList<>());
}
map.get(p).add(a); // a < b
}
}
// 有 len 對乘積為 i
// 它們能構成 4 * len * (len - 1) 個元組
int count = 0;
for (var entry : map.entrySet()) {
int len = entry.getValue().size();
count += 4 * len * (len - 1);
}
return count;
}
}
No.3 重新排列後的最大子矩陣
解題思路
列舉最大子矩陣的起始行,然後排序、統計即可。
程式碼展示
class Solution {
public int largestSubmatrix(int[][] matrix) {
Column[] cols = new Column[matrix[0].length];
for (int i = 0; i < matrix[0].length; i++) {
int[] col = new int[matrix.length];
for (int j = 0; j < matrix.length; j++) {
col[j] = matrix[j][i];
}
cols[i] = new Column(col);
}
int res = 0;
// 列舉最大子矩陣的起始行 i, 然後排序
for (int i = 0; i < matrix.length; i++) {
final int idx = i;
Arrays.sort(cols, (a, b) -> b.cont1[idx] - a.cont1[idx]);
if (res < cols[0].cont1[idx] * cols.length) { // 一個優化點
res = Math.max(res, count(cols, idx));
}
}
return res;
}
// 統計當前局面下的最大子矩陣
private int count(Column[] cols, int startRow) {
int res = 0;
for (int endRow = startRow, endCol = cols.length - 1; endRow < cols[0].raw.length; endRow++) {
while (endCol >= 0 && cols[endCol].raw[endRow] == 0) {
endCol--;
}
res = Math.max(res, (endRow - startRow + 1) * (endCol + 1));
}
return res;
}
// Column 類表示一列
// raw 表示這一列的原始值
// cont1[i] 表示 raw[i] 後有多少個連續的 1
class Column {
int[] raw;
int[] cont1;
Column(int[] col) {
raw = col;
cont1 = new int[col.length];
cont1[col.length - 1] = col[col.length - 1];
for (int i = col.length - 2; i >= 0; i--) {
cont1[i] = col[i];
if (col[i] == 1) {
cont1[i] += cont1[i + 1];
}
}
}
}
}
No.4 貓和老鼠II
解題思路
動態規劃(記憶化搜尋)
雖然程式碼量比較大,但是邏輯並不複雜。本質上仍然是列舉貓和老鼠的下一步怎麼走,老鼠想要贏就要保證它走下一步之後,貓無論怎麼走都贏不了。然後使用記憶化以提速。
程式碼展示
class Solution {
int n, m;
char[][] grid;
int[][][][][] catMemo; // 記憶化
int[][][][][] mouseMemo; // 記憶化
int catJump, mouseJump;
final int[][] dirs = new int[][] { { -1, 0 }, { 1, 0 }, { 0, 1 }, { 0, -1 } };
final int MaxRound = 100; // 8x8 的地圖遠不需要 1000 步
public boolean valid(int i, int j) {
return i >= 0 && i < n && j >= 0 && j < m && grid[i][j] != '#';
}
// 已經走了 r 步,老鼠在 (mx, my) 貓在 (cx, cy)
// 貓是否必勝
public int cat(int r, int mx, int my, int cx, int cy) {
if (catMemo[r][mx][my][cx][cy] == -1) {
if (mx == cx && my == cy) {
return catMemo[r][mx][my][cx][cy] = 1;
}
if (grid[mx][my] == 'F') {
return catMemo[r][mx][my][cx][cy] = 0;
}
if (grid[cx][cy] == 'F') {
return catMemo[r][mx][my][cx][cy] = 1;
}
for (int[] d : dirs) {
for (int jump = 0; jump <= catJump; jump++) {
int x = cx + d[0] * jump;
int y = cy + d[1] * jump;
if (!valid(x, y)) {
break;
}
if (mouse(r + 1, mx, my, x, y) == 0) {
return catMemo[r][mx][my][cx][cy] = 1;
}
}
}
catMemo[r][mx][my][cx][cy] = 0;
}
return catMemo[r][mx][my][cx][cy];
}
// 已經走了 r 步,老鼠在 (mx, my) 貓在 (cx, cy)
// 老鼠是否必勝
public int mouse(int r, int mx, int my, int cx, int cy) {
if (r >= MaxRound) {
return 0;
}
if (mouseMemo[r][mx][my][cx][cy] == -1) {
if (mx == cx && my == cy) {
return mouseMemo[r][mx][my][cx][cy] = 0;
}
if (grid[mx][my] == 'F') {
return mouseMemo[r][mx][my][cx][cy] = 1;
}
if (grid[cx][cy] == 'F') {
return mouseMemo[r][mx][my][cx][cy] = 0;
}
for (int[] d : dirs) {
for (int jump = 0; jump <= mouseJump; jump++) {
int x = mx + d[0] * jump;
int y = my + d[1] * jump;
if (!valid(x, y)) {
break;
}
if (cat(r, x, y, cx, cy) == 0) {
return mouseMemo[r][mx][my][cx][cy] = 1;
}
}
}
mouseMemo[r][mx][my][cx][cy] = 0;
}
return mouseMemo[r][mx][my][cx][cy];
}
public boolean canMouseWin(String[] grid, int catJump, int mouseJump) {
n = grid.length;
m = grid[0].length();
this.grid = new char[n][m];
int mx = 0, my = 0, cx = 0, cy = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) {
this.grid[i][j] = grid[i].charAt(j);
if (this.grid[i][j] == 'C') {
cx = i;
cy = j;
}
if (this.grid[i][j] == 'M') {
mx = i;
my = j;
}
}
}
this.catJump = catJump;
this.mouseJump = mouseJump;
catMemo = new int[MaxRound][n][m][n][m];
mouseMemo = new int[MaxRound][n][m][n][m];
// 初值 -1 表示未計算過
for (int r = 0; r < MaxRound; r++) {
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) {
for (int t = 0; t < n; t++) {
for (int k = 0; k < m; k++) {
catMemo[r][i][j][t][k] = -1;
mouseMemo[r][i][j][t][k] = -1;
}
}
}
}
}
return mouse(0, mx, my, cx, cy) == 1;
}
}