selenium開啟瀏覽器底層實現原理中的異常4(Failed to establish a new connection: [WinError 10061] 由於目標計算機積 極拒絕，無法連線)
阿新 • • 發佈：2020-06-20
程式碼：
#coding=utf-8 importrequests importjson url=‘http://127.0.0.1:4444/wd/hub/session‘ data=json.dumps({ ‘desiredCapabilities‘:{ ‘browserName‘:‘MicrosoftEdge‘ } }) print(requests.post(url,data).json())結果：
PS E:\30.Study\30.自動化測試\99.零基礎入門 Python Web 自動化測試\10.seleniumCodePractice> & "C:/Program Files/Python38/python.exe" "e:/30.Study/30.自動化測試/99.零基礎入門 Python Web 自動化測試/10.seleniumCodePractice/202006/requests_open_browser.py"
File "C:\Program Files\Python38\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connection.py",line 156,in _new_conn
conn = connection.create_connection(
File "C:\Program Files\Python38\lib\site-packages\urllib3\util\connection.py",line 84,in create_connection
raise err
File "C:\Program Files\Python38\lib\site-packages\urllib3\util\connection.py",line 74,in create_connection
ConnectionRefusedError: [WinError 10061] 由於目標計算機積極拒絕，無法連線。
During handling of the above exception,another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Program Files\Python38\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py",line 665,in urlopen
httplib_response = self._make_request(
conn.request(method,url,**httplib_request_kw)
File "C:\Program Files\Python38\lib\http\client.py",line 1230,in request
self._send_request(method,body,headers,encode_chunked)
File "C:\Program Files\Python38\lib\http\client.py",line 1276,in _send_request
self.endheaders(body,encode_chunked=encode_chunked)
File "C:\Program Files\Python38\lib\http\client.py",line 1225,in endheaders
self._send_output(message_body,line 1004,in _send_output
self.send(msg)
File "C:\Program Files\Python38\lib\http\client.py",line 944,in send
self.connect()
File "C:\Program Files\Python38\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connection.py",line 184,in connect
conn = self._new_conn()
File "C:\Program Files\Python38\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connection.py",line 168,in _new_conn
raise NewConnectionError(
urllib3.exceptions.NewConnectionError: <urllib3.connection.HTTPConnection object at 0x000001D22D03D490>: Failed to establish a new connection: [WinError 10061] 由於目標計算機積
極拒絕，無法連線。
During handling of the above exception,another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Program Files\Python38\lib\site-packages\requests\adapters.py",line 439,in send
resp = conn.urlopen(
File "C:\Program Files\Python38\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py",line 719,in urlopen
retries = retries.increment(
File "C:\Program Files\Python38\lib\site-packages\urllib3\util\retry.py",line 436,in increment
raise MaxRetryError(_pool,error or ResponseError(cause))
urllib3.exceptions.MaxRetryError: HTTPConnectionPool(host=‘127.0.0.1‘,port=4444): Max retries exceeded with url: /wd/hub/session (Caused by NewConnectionError(‘<urllib3.connection.HTTPConnection object at 0x000001D22D03D490>: Failed to establish a new connection: [WinError 10061] 由於目標計算機積極拒絕，無法連線。‘))
During handling of the above exception,another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "e:/30.Study/30.自動化測試/99.零基礎入門 Python Web 自動化測試/10.seleniumCodePractice/202006/requests_open_browser.py",line 10,in <module>
print(requests.post(url,data).json())
File "C:\Program Files\Python38\lib\site-packages\requests\api.py",line 119,in post
return request(‘post‘,data=data,json=json,**kwargs)
File "C:\Program Files\Python38\lib\site-packages\requests\api.py",line 61,in request
return session.request(method=method,url=url,**kwargs)
File "C:\Program Files\Python38\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py",line 530,in request
resp = self.send(prep,**send_kwargs)
File "C:\Program Files\Python38\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py",line 643,in send
r = adapter.send(request,**kwargs)
File "C:\Program Files\Python38\lib\site-packages\requests\adapters.py",line 516,in send
raise ConnectionError(e,request=request)
requests.exceptions.ConnectionError: HTTPConnectionPool(host=‘127.0.0.1‘,port=4444): Max retries exceeded with url: /wd/hub/session (Caused by NewConnectionError(‘<urllib3.connection.HTTPConnection object at 0x000001D22D03D490>: Failed to establish a new connection: [WinError 10061] 由於目標計算機積極拒絕，無法連線。‘))
PS E:\30.Study\30.自動化測試\99.零基礎入門 Python Web 自動化測試\10.seleniumCodePractice>
原因分析：
【requests.exceptions.ConnectionError: HTTPConnectionPool(host=‘127.0.0.1‘,port=4444)】可知，是連線http失敗。即下圖中selenium服務沒有啟動，導致無法連線。
對應方法：
找到"selenium-server-standalone-3.141.59.jar"所在路徑，通過"java -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.141.59.jar"啟動selenium即可。
驗證是否啟動成功，通過在瀏覽器位址列裡輸入“http://127.0.0.1:4444/”來驗證，成功的話，下圖會表示出來：
