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Java中 ==和equals()方法的區別

技術標籤:Java基礎java

1、==

==既可以比較基本資料型別,也可以比較引用資料型別。對於基本資料比較的是值,對於引用資料型別比較的是記憶體地址。

class A{
    int i;
}

public class EqualTest {
    @Test
    public void test1(){
        int i = 10;
        double j = 10.0;

        if (i == j){
            System.out.println("相等");
        }else{
            System.
out.println("不相等"); } /*結果: 相等 */ } @Test public void test2(){ A a1 = new A(); A a2 = new A(); if (a1 == a2){ System.out.println("相等"); }else{ System.out.println(a1); System.
out.println(a2); System.out.println("不相等"); } /*結果: [email protected] [email protected] 不相等 */ } }

2、equals()

equals()方法只能比較引用資料型別。在比較的時候,會出現以下幾種情況:

1、如果類中沒有重寫equals方法,則比較的是物件的型別和地址:

class
A{ int i; } public class EqualTest { @Test public void test3(){ A a1 = new A(); A a2 = new A(); a1.i = a2.i = 3; if (a1.equals(a2)){ System.out.println(a1 + "\n" + a2); System.out.println("相等"); }else{ System.out.println(a1 + "\n" + a2); System.out.println("不相等"); } /* [email protected] [email protected] 不相等 */ } }

2、如果類中重寫了equals方法,則比較的是物件的型別和值:

class A{
    int i;

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;

        A a = (A) o;

        return i == a.i;
    }
}

public class EqualTest {
    @Test
    public void test3(){
        A a1 = new A();
        A a2 = new A();
        a1.i = a2.i = 3;

        if (a1.equals(a2)){
            System.out.println(a1 + "\n" + a2);
            System.out.println("相等");
        }else{
            System.out.println(a1 + "\n" + a2);
            System.out.println("不相等");
        }
        /*
            [email protected]
            [email protected]
            相等
         */
    }
}

為什麼說是型別和地址呢 ?下面的這個例子給出解釋:

class A{
    int i;

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;

        A a = (A) o;

        return i == a.i;
    }
}
class B{
    int i;

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;

        B b = (B) o;

        return i == b.i;
    }
}


public class EqualTest {
    @Test
    public void test3(){
        A a1 = new A();
        B b1 = new B();
        a1.i = b1.i = 3;

        if (a1.equals(b1)){
            System.out.println(a1 + "\n" + b1);
            System.out.println("相等");
        }else{
            System.out.println(a1 + "\n" + b1);
            System.out.println("不相等");
        }
        /*
            [email protected]
            [email protected]
            不相等
         */
    }
}