1. 程式人生 > 其它 >Mybatis -- 複雜查詢環境搭建,多對一的處理,一對多的處理、按結果巢狀查詢(推薦)、按照查詢巢狀處理

Mybatis -- 複雜查詢環境搭建,多對一的處理,一對多的處理、按結果巢狀查詢(推薦)、按照查詢巢狀處理

技術標籤:Mybatismybatisxml

文章目錄

一. 複雜查詢環境搭建

具體情況:
多個學生,對應一個老師

  • 對於學生這邊而言, 關聯 ,多個學生,關聯一個老師 【多對一】
  • 對於老師而言, 集合 , 一個老師,有很多學生 【一對多】

工程目錄如下:

1) 搭建資料表 Teacher、Student

  • Teacher 資料表包含兩個欄位 id、name

  • Student 資料表包含三個欄位 id、name、tid

2) 匯入lombok

在 Maven 工程 pom.xml 匯入 LomBok.jar包

        <!--LOG4J-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency
>

3) 新建實體類 Teacher,Student

使用註解形式建立實體類 Teacher,Student

  • Teacher 實體類
@Data
public class Teacher {
    private int id;
    private String name;
}

  • Student 實體類
@Data
public class Student {

    private int id;
    private String name;

    // 多個學生關聯一個老師
    private Teacher teacher;
}

4) 建立Mapper介面

  • TeacherMapper
public interface TeacherMapper {

    // 根據id號查詢
    @Select("select * from teacher where id = #{tid}")
    Teacher getTeacher(@Param("tid") int id);
}
  • StudentMapper
public interface StudentMapper {
}

5) 建立Mapper.XML檔案

建立 TeacherMapper.xml 和 StudentMapper.xml 配置檔案

  • TeacherMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.dao.TeacherMapper">
</mapper>
  • StudentMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.dao.StudentMapper">
</mapper>

6) 在核心配置檔案中繫結註冊我們的Mapper介面或者檔案

在 mybatis-config 配置檔案中:

    <mappers>
        <mapper class="com.dao.TeacherMapper"></mapper>
        <mapper class="com.dao.StudentMapper"></mapper>
    </mappers>

7) 測試查詢是否能夠成功

    @Test
    public void getTeacher(){
        //第一步:獲得SqlSession物件
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        //方式一:getMapper
        TeacherMapper teacherMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(TeacherMapper.class);
        Teacher teacher = teacherMapper.getTeacher(1);
        System.out.println(teacher);

        //關閉SqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
    }

二. 多對一的處理 – (學生對老師)

1) Teacher、Student 實體類

  • Teacher 實體類
@Data
public class Teacher {
    private int id;
    private String name;
}
  • Student 實體類
@Data
public class Student {

    private int id;
    private String name;

    // 多個學生關聯一個老師
    private Teacher teacher;
}

2)TeacherMapper、StudentMapper 介面

  • TeacherMapper
public interface TeacherMapper {

    // 根據id號查詢
    @Select("select * from teacher where id = #{tid}")
    Teacher getTeacher(@Param("tid") int id);
}
  • StudentMapper
public interface StudentMapper {
    // 多對一
    // 方式一
    public List<Student> getStudent1();
    // 方式二
    public List<Student> getStudent2();
}

3) TeacherMapper.xml、StudentMapper.xml 配置檔案 (按結果巢狀查詢(推薦)、按照查詢巢狀處理)

  • TeacherMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.dao.TeacherMapper">

</mapper>
  • StudentMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.dao.StudentMapper">
    <!-- 多對一 -->
    <!-- 方式一(子查詢)按照查詢巢狀處理 -->
    <select id="getStudent1" resultMap="StudentTeacher1">
        select * from student
    </select>

    <resultMap id="StudentTeacher1" type="Student"><!-- resultmap -->
        <result property="id" column="id"/>
        <result property="name" column="name"/>
        <!--複雜的屬性,我們需要單獨處理 物件: association 集合: collection -->
        <association property="teacher" column="tid" javaType="Teacher" select="getTeacher"/>
    </resultMap>

    <select id="getTeacher" resultType="Teacher">
        select * from teacher where id = #{id}
    </select>

    <!-- 方式二(連表查詢)按照結果巢狀處理 -->
    <select id="getStudent2" resultMap="StudentTeacher2">
        select s.id sid, s.name sname, t.id tid, t.name tname
        from student s,teacher t
        where s.tid = t.id;
    </select>

    <resultMap id="StudentTeacher2" type="Student">
        <result property="id" column="sid"/>
        <result property="name" column="sname"/>
        <association property="teacher" javaType="Teacher">
            <result property="id" column="tid"/>
            <result property="name" column="tname"/>
        </association>
    </resultMap>
</mapper>

4) 測試

public class My_Test {

    @Test
    public void getTeacher(){
        //第一步:獲得SqlSession物件
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        //方式一:getMapper
        TeacherMapper teacherMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(TeacherMapper.class);
        Teacher teacher = teacherMapper.getTeacher(1);
        System.out.println(teacher);

        //關閉SqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void getStudent1(){
        //第一步:獲得SqlSession物件
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        //方式一:getMapper
        StudentMapper studentMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
        List<Student> list = studentMapper.getStudent1();
        for(Student student:list){
            System.out.println(student);
        }

        //關閉SqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void getStudent2(){
        //第一步:獲得SqlSession物件
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        //方式一:getMapper
        StudentMapper studentMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
        List<Student> list = studentMapper.getStudent2();
        for(Student student:list){
            System.out.println(student);
        }

        //關閉SqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
    }
}

三. 一對多的處理 – (老師對學生)

1) Teacher、Student 實體類

  • Teacher 實體類
@Data
public class Teacher {
    private int id;
    private String name;

    private List<Student> students;
}

  • Student 實體類
@Data
public class Student {

    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String tid;
}

2)TeacherMapper、StudentMapper 介面

  • TeacherMapper 介面
public interface TeacherMapper {
    List<Teacher> getTeacher();

    Teacher getTeacher1(int id);

    Teacher getTeacher2(int id);
}
  • StudentMapper 介面
public interface StudentMapper {


}

3) TeacherMapper.xml、StudentMapper.xml 配置檔案 (按結果巢狀查詢(推薦)、按照查詢巢狀處理)

  • TeacherMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.dao.TeacherMapper">

    <!-- 測試程式碼1 -->
    <select id="getTeacher" resultType="Teacher">
        select * from teacher
    </select>

    <!--按結果巢狀查詢-->
    <select id="getTeacher1" resultMap="TeacherStudent">
        select s.id sid, s.name sname, t.name tname,t.id tid
        from student s,teacher t
        where s.tid = t.id and t.id = #{tid}
    </select>

    <resultMap id="TeacherStudent" type="Teacher">
        <result property="id" column="tid"/>
        <result property="name" column="tname"/>
        <!--複雜的屬性,我們需要單獨處理 物件: association 集合: collection
        javaType="" 指定屬性的型別!
        集合中的泛型資訊,我們使用ofType獲取
        -->
        <collection property="students" ofType="Student">
            <result property="id" column="sid"/>
            <result property="name" column="sname"/>
            <result property="tid" column="tid"/>
        </collection>
    </resultMap>

    <!-- 按照查詢巢狀處理 -->
    <select id="getTeacher2" resultMap="TeacherStudent2">
        select * from mybatis.teacher where id = #{tid}
    </select>

    <resultMap id="TeacherStudent2" type="Teacher">
        <collection property="students" javaType="ArrayList" ofType="Student" select="getStudentByTeacherId" column="id"/>
    </resultMap>

    <select id="getStudentByTeacherId" resultType="Student">
        select * from mybatis.student where tid = #{tid}
    </select>

</mapper>
  • StudentMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.dao.StudentMapper">

</mapper>

4) 測試

public class My_Test 
{
    @Test
    public void getTeacher(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        //方式一:getMapper
        TeacherMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(TeacherMapper.class);
        List<Teacher> teachers = mapper.getTeacher();
        for(Teacher teacher: teachers){
            System.out.println(teacher);
        }

        //關閉SqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
    }


    @Test
    public void getTeacher1(){
        //第一步:獲得SqlSession物件
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        //方式一:getMapper
        TeacherMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(TeacherMapper.class);
        Teacher teacher = mapper.getTeacher1(1);
        System.out.println(teacher);

        //關閉SqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void getTeacher2(){
        //第一步:獲得SqlSession物件
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        //方式一:getMapper
        TeacherMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(TeacherMapper.class);
        Teacher teacher = mapper.getTeacher2(1);
        System.out.println(teacher);

        //關閉SqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
    }
}

四. 小結

- 關聯 - association 【多對一】 - 集合 - collection 【一對多】 - javaType & ofType 1) JavaType 用來指定實體類中屬性的型別 2) ofType 用來指定對映到List或者集合中的 pojo型別,泛型中的約束型別! - 注意點: 1) 保證SQL的可讀性,儘量保證通俗易懂 2) 注意一對多和多對一中,屬性名和欄位的問題! 3) 如果問題不好排查錯誤,可以使用日誌 , 建議使用 Log4j