專案要求：

讀完題目，首先我們要確定程式思路

我們要全部通過類去實現

也就是 我們要實現管理員、學生、講師、課程、教師五個類

管理員類

    class Administration(object):
     def __init__(self):
      self.data = self.__load()
      self.login_data = {}
    
     def __load(self) -> list:
      try:
       Adm = open('Administration.csv', 'r')
       readers = csv.DictReader(Adm)
       Adm_dict = [dict(i) for i in readers]
       Adm.close()
       return Adm_dict
      except Exception:
       print('檔案讀取失敗')
    
     def see_course(self):
      print('當前所有的課程資訊為：')
      for i in cou.data:
       print(i)
      print()
    
     def see_student(self):
      print('當前所有的學生資訊為：')
      for i in stu.data:
       print(i)
      print()
    
     def see_student_course(self):
      print('當前所有學生的選課資訊為:')
      for i in stu.data:
       print(i['姓名'], '的選課資訊為：', i['課程'])
      print()
    
     def set_course(self):
      name = input('請輸入你想新增的課程名')
      c = [i['名稱'] for i in cou.data]
      if name in c:
       print('你準備新增的課程 已經存在')
      else:
       cou.data.append({'名稱': name, '人數': 0})
       print('新增成功!')
       print()
    
     def set_student(self):
      name = input('請輸入你想新增的學生的姓名')
      ID = input('請輸入此學生的ID')
      if ID in [i['ID'] for i in stu.data]:
       print('這個ID已經存在，新增失敗')
       return
      print('學生賬號預設密碼123456')
      password = 123456
      stu.data.append({'姓名': name, 'ID': ID, '密碼': password, '課程': ''})
      print('新增成功!')
      print()
    
     def set_teacher(self):
      name = input('請輸入你想新增的老師的姓名')
      ID = input('請輸入此老師的ID')
      if ID in [i['ID'] for i in tea.data]:
       print('這個ID已經存在，新增失敗')
       return
      print('老師賬號預設密碼123456')
      password = 123456
      tea.data.append({'姓名': name, 'ID': ID, '密碼': password, '課程': ''})
      print('新增成功!')
      print()
    
     def app_teacher_to_class(self):
      t_name = input('請輸入你想操作的老師名')
      if t_name not in [i['姓名'] for i in tea.data]:
       print('你想操作的老師不存在，請重新操作')
       return
      c_name = input('請輸入你想讓該老師任課的班級')
      if c_name not in [i['班名'] for i in cla.data]:
       print('你想讓老師任教的班級不存在，請重新操作')
       return
      for i in tea.data:
       if i['姓名'] == t_name:
        i['班級'] = c_name
      for i in cla.data:
       if i['班名'] == c_name:
        i['任課老師'] = t_name
      print('操作成功')
    
     def set_class(self):
      name = input('請輸入你想建立的班級的名稱:')
      if name in [i['班名'] for i in cla.data]:
       print('你想建立的班級已經存在，請重新操作')
       return
      if int(input('是否新增任課老師，是輸入1，否輸入0')):
       t_name = input('請輸入你想新增的老師名')
       if t_name not in [i['姓名'] for i in tea.data]:
        print('你想操作的老師不存在，請重新操作')
        return
      else:
       t_name = ''
      s_name_list = []
      while int(input('是否新增學生，是輸入1，否輸入0')):
       s_name = input('輸入你想新增的學生名')
       if s_name not in [i['姓名'] for i in stu.data]:
        print('你想操作的學生不存在，請重新操作')
        return
       else:
        s_name_list.append(s_name)
      s_name = ''
      if s_name_list == []:
       cla.data.append({'班名': name, '任課老師': t_name, '學生': s_name})
       print('操作成功')
      else:
       cla.data.append({'班名': name, '任課老師': t_name,
            '學生': s_name.join(s_name_list)})
       print('操作成功')
    
     def app_student_to_class(self):
      s_name = input('請輸入你想操作的學生名')
      if s_name not in [i['姓名'] for i in stu.data]:
       print('你想操作的學生不存在，請重新操作')
       return
      c_name = input('請輸入你想讓該學生進入的班級')
      if c_name not in [i['班名'] for i in cla.data]:
       print('你想讓學生進入的班級不存在，請重新操作')
       return
      for i in stu.data:
       if i['姓名'] == s_name:
        i['班級'] = c_name
      for i in cla.data:
       if i['班名'] == c_name:
        i['任課老師'] = s_name
      print('操作成功')
    
     def save(self):
      try:
       j = open('Administration.csv', 'w')
       writer = csv.writer(j)
       writer.writerow(list(self.data[0].keys()))
       data = [list(i.values()) for i in self.data]
       writer.writerows(data)
       j.close()
      except Exception:
       print('檔案讀取失敗')
    
 

學生類

    class Student(object):
     def __init__(self):
      self.data = self.__load()
      self.login_data = {}
    
     def __load(self):
      try:
       Stu = open('Student.csv', 'r')
       readers = csv.DictReader(Stu)
       Stu_dict = [dict(i) for i in readers]
       Stu.close()
       return Stu_dict
      except Exception:
       print('檔案讀取失敗')
    
     def see_course(self):
      print('當前所有的課程資訊為：')
      for i in cou.data:
       print(i)
      print()
    
     def choice_course(self):
      # print(self.data)
      c = [i['名稱'] for i in cou.data]
      c_name = input('請輸入你想選擇的課程名：')
      if c_name not in c:
       print('你選擇的課程不在課程列表中')
       return
      else:
       self.login_data['課程']: str = self.login_data['課程'] + c_name + ' '
       for i in cou.data:
        if i['名稱'] == c_name:
         i['人數'] = int(i['人數']) + 1
      print('操作成功')
    
     def see_own_course(self):
      if self.login_data['課程'] == '':
       print('你未選擇任何課程')
      else:
       print(self.login_data['課程'])
    
     def save(self):
      try:
       j = open('Student.csv', 'w')
       writer = csv.writer(j)
       writer.writerow(list(self.data[0].keys()))
       data = [list(i.values()) for i in self.data]
       writer.writerows(data)
      except Exception:
       print('檔案讀取失敗')
    
 

課程類

    class Course(object):
     def __init__(self):
      self.data = self.__load()
    
     def __load(self):
      try:
       Cou = open('Course.csv', 'r')
       readers = csv.DictReader(Cou)
       Cou_dict = [dict(i) for i in readers]
       Cou.close()
       return Cou_dict
      except Exception:
       print('檔案讀取失敗')
    
     def save(self):
      try:
       j = open('Course.csv', 'w')
       writer = csv.writer(j)
       writer.writerow(list(self.data[0].keys()))
       data = [list(i.values()) for i in self.data]
       writer.writerows(data)
      except Exception:
       print('檔案讀取失敗')
    
 

教室類

    class Classroom(object):
     def __init__(self):
      self.data = self.__load()
    
     def __load(self):
      try:
       Cla = open('Classroom.csv', 'r')
       readers = csv.DictReader(Cla)
       Cla_dict = [dict(i) for i in readers]
       Cla.close()
       return Cla_dict
      except Exception:
       print('檔案讀取失敗')
    
     def save(self):
      try:
       j = open('Classroom.csv', 'w')
       writer = csv.writer(j)
       writer.writerow(list(self.data[0].keys()))
       data = [list(i.values()) for i in self.data]
       writer.writerows(data)
      except Exception:
       print('檔案讀取失敗')
    

教師類

    class Teacher(object):
     def __init__(self):
      self.data = self.__load()
      self.login_data = {}
    
     def __load(self):
      try:
       Tea = open('Teacher.csv', 'r')
       readers = csv.DictReader(Tea)
       Tea_dict = [dict(i) for i in readers]
       Tea.close()
       return Tea_dict
      except Exception:
       print('檔案讀取失敗')
    
     def see_course(self):
      print('當前所有的課程資訊為：')
      for i in cou.data:
       print(i)
      print()
    
     def see_class(self):
      print('所教班級為:', self.login_data['班級'])
      print()
    
     def see_class_student(self):
      print('所教班級中的學生為：')
      for i in cla.data:
       if i['班名'] == self.login_data['班級']:
        print(i['學生'])
      print()
    
     def save(self):
      try:
       j = open('Teacher.csv', 'w')
       writer = csv.writer(j)
       writer.writerow(list(self.data[0].keys()))
       data = [list(i.values()) for i in self.data]
       writer.writerows(data)
      except Exception:
       print('檔案讀取失敗')
    

完整程式碼如下：

    import csv
    import time
    
    
    class Administration(object):
     def __init__(self):
      self.data = self.__load()
      self.login_data = {}
    
     def __load(self) -> list:
      try:
       Adm = open('Administration.csv', 'r')
       readers = csv.DictReader(Adm)
       Adm_dict = [dict(i) for i in readers]
       Adm.close()
       return Adm_dict
      except Exception:
       print('檔案讀取失敗')
    
     def see_course(self):
      print('當前所有的課程資訊為：')
      for i in cou.data:
       print(i)
      print()
    
     def see_student(self):
      print('當前所有的學生資訊為：')
      for i in stu.data:
       print(i)
      print()
    
     def see_student_course(self):
      print('當前所有學生的選課資訊為:')
      for i in stu.data:
       print(i['姓名'], '的選課資訊為：', i['課程'])
      print()
    
     def set_course(self):
      name = input('請輸入你想新增的課程名')
      c = [i['名稱'] for i in cou.data]
      if name in c:
       print('你準備新增的課程 已經存在')
      else:
       cou.data.append({'名稱': name, '人數': 0})
       print('新增成功!')
       print()
    
     def set_student(self):
      name = input('請輸入你想新增的學生的姓名')
      ID = input('請輸入此學生的ID')
      if ID in [i['ID'] for i in stu.data]:
       print('這個ID已經存在，新增失敗')
       return
      print('學生賬號預設密碼123456')
      password = 123456
      stu.data.append({'姓名': name, 'ID': ID, '密碼': password, '課程': ''})
      print('新增成功!')
      print()
    
     def set_teacher(self):
      name = input('請輸入你想新增的老師的姓名')
      ID = input('請輸入此老師的ID')
      if ID in [i['ID'] for i in tea.data]:
       print('這個ID已經存在，新增失敗')
       return
      print('老師賬號預設密碼123456')
      password = 123456
      tea.data.append({'姓名': name, 'ID': ID, '密碼': password, '課程': ''})
      print('新增成功!')
      print()
    
     def app_teacher_to_class(self):
      t_name = input('請輸入你想操作的老師名')
      if t_name not in [i['姓名'] for i in tea.data]:
       print('你想操作的老師不存在，請重新操作')
       return
      c_name = input('請輸入你想讓該老師任課的班級')
      if c_name not in [i['班名'] for i in cla.data]:
       print('你想讓老師任教的班級不存在，請重新操作')
       return
      for i in tea.data:
       if i['姓名'] == t_name:
        i['班級'] = c_name
      for i in cla.data:
       if i['班名'] == c_name:
        i['任課老師'] = t_name
      print('操作成功')
    
     def set_class(self):
      name = input('請輸入你想建立的班級的名稱:')
      if name in [i['班名'] for i in cla.data]:
       print('你想建立的班級已經存在，請重新操作')
       return
      if int(input('是否新增任課老師，是輸入1，否輸入0')):
       t_name = input('請輸入你想新增的老師名')
       if t_name not in [i['姓名'] for i in tea.data]:
        print('你想操作的老師不存在，請重新操作')
        return
      else:
       t_name = ''
      s_name_list = []
      while int(input('是否新增學生，是輸入1，否輸入0')):
       s_name = input('輸入你想新增的學生名')
       if s_name not in [i['姓名'] for i in stu.data]:
        print('你想操作的學生不存在，請重新操作')
        return
       else:
        s_name_list.append(s_name)
      s_name = ''
      if s_name_list == []:
       cla.data.append({'班名': name, '任課老師': t_name, '學生': s_name})
       print('操作成功')
      else:
       cla.data.append({'班名': name, '任課老師': t_name,
            '學生': s_name.join(s_name_list)})
       print('操作成功')
    
     def app_student_to_class(self):
      s_name = input('請輸入你想操作的學生名')
      if s_name not in [i['姓名'] for i in stu.data]:
       print('你想操作的學生不存在，請重新操作')
       return
      c_name = input('請輸入你想讓該學生進入的班級')
      if c_name not in [i['班名'] for i in cla.data]:
       print('你想讓學生進入的班級不存在，請重新操作')
       return
      for i in stu.data:
       if i['姓名'] == s_name:
        i['班級'] = c_name
      for i in cla.data:
       if i['班名'] == c_name:
        i['任課老師'] = s_name
      print('操作成功')
    
     def save(self):
      try:
       j = open('Administration.csv', 'w')
       writer = csv.writer(j)
       writer.writerow(list(self.data[0].keys()))
       data = [list(i.values()) for i in self.data]
       writer.writerows(data)
       j.close()
      except Exception:
       print('檔案讀取失敗')
    
    
    class Student(object):
     def __init__(self):
      self.data = self.__load()
      self.login_data = {}
    
     def __load(self):
      try:
       Stu = open('Student.csv', 'r')
       readers = csv.DictReader(Stu)
       Stu_dict = [dict(i) for i in readers]
       Stu.close()
       return Stu_dict
      except Exception:
       print('檔案讀取失敗')
    
     def see_course(self):
      print('當前所有的課程資訊為：')
      for i in cou.data:
       print(i)
      print()
    
     def choice_course(self):
      # print(self.data)
      c = [i['名稱'] for i in cou.data]
      c_name = input('請輸入你想選擇的課程名：')
      if c_name not in c:
       print('你選擇的課程不在課程列表中')
       return
      else:
       self.login_data['課程']: str = self.login_data['課程'] + c_name + ' '
       for i in cou.data:
        if i['名稱'] == c_name:
         i['人數'] = int(i['人數']) + 1
      print('操作成功')
    
     def see_own_course(self):
      if self.login_data['課程'] == '':
       print('你未選擇任何課程')
      else:
       print(self.login_data['課程'])
    
     def save(self):
      try:
       j = open('Student.csv', 'w')
       writer = csv.writer(j)
       writer.writerow(list(self.data[0].keys()))
       data = [list(i.values()) for i in self.data]
       writer.writerows(data)
      except Exception:
       print('檔案讀取失敗')
    
    
    class Course(object):
     def __init__(self):
      self.data = self.__load()
    
     def __load(self):
      try:
       Cou = open('Course.csv', 'r')
       readers = csv.DictReader(Cou)
       Cou_dict = [dict(i) for i in readers]
       Cou.close()
       return Cou_dict
      except Exception:
       print('檔案讀取失敗')
    
     def save(self):
      try:
       j = open('Course.csv', 'w')
       writer = csv.writer(j)
       writer.writerow(list(self.data[0].keys()))
       data = [list(i.values()) for i in self.data]
       writer.writerows(data)
      except Exception:
       print('檔案讀取失敗')
    
    
    class Classroom(object):
     def __init__(self):
      self.data = self.__load()
    
     def __load(self):
      try:
       Cla = open('Classroom.csv', 'r')
       readers = csv.DictReader(Cla)
       Cla_dict = [dict(i) for i in readers]
       Cla.close()
       return Cla_dict
      except Exception:
       print('檔案讀取失敗')
    
     def save(self):
      try:
       j = open('Classroom.csv', 'w')
       writer = csv.writer(j)
       writer.writerow(list(self.data[0].keys()))
       data = [list(i.values()) for i in self.data]
       writer.writerows(data)
      except Exception:
       print('檔案讀取失敗')
    
    
    class Teacher(object):
     def __init__(self):
      self.data = self.__load()
      self.login_data = {}
    
     def __load(self):
      try:
       Tea = open('Teacher.csv', 'r')
       readers = csv.DictReader(Tea)
       Tea_dict = [dict(i) for i in readers]
       Tea.close()
       return Tea_dict
      except Exception:
       print('檔案讀取失敗')
    
     def see_course(self):
      print('當前所有的課程資訊為：')
      for i in cou.data:
       print(i)
      print()
    
     def see_class(self):
      print('所教班級為:', self.login_data['班級'])
      print()
    
     def see_class_student(self):
      print('所教班級中的學生為：')
      for i in cla.data:
       if i['班名'] == self.login_data['班級']:
        print(i['學生'])
      print()
    
     def save(self):
      try:
       j = open('Teacher.csv', 'w')
       writer = csv.writer(j)
       writer.writerow(list(self.data[0].keys()))
       data = [list(i.values()) for i in self.data]
       writer.writerows(data)
      except Exception:
       print('檔案讀取失敗')
    
    
    def login(ID, password) -> int:
     # 判斷是否為管理員
     for i in adm.data:
      if ID == i['ID'] and password == i['密碼']:
       adm.login_data = i
       return 1
     # 判斷是否為學生
     for i in stu.data:
      if ID == i['ID'] and password == i['密碼']:
       stu.login_data = i
       return 2
     # 判斷是否為老師
     for i in tea.data:
      if ID == i['ID'] and password == i['密碼']:
       tea.login_data = i
       return 3
     return 0
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
     print('歡迎來到久的學生選課系統')
     time.sleep(0.5)
     print('正在載入中~')
     adm = Administration()
     stu = Student()
     cou = Course()
     tea = Teacher()
     cla = Classroom()
     time.sleep(0.3)
     print('載入完畢')
     while True:
      ID = input('請輸入你的賬號：')
      password = input('請輸入你的密碼：')
      flag = login(ID, password)
      if not flag:
       print('輸入的賬號或密碼錯誤')
       flag_1 = int(input('是否重新登入 重新登入輸入1 取消登入輸入0'))
       if flag_1:
        continue
       else:
        break
      elif flag == 1:
       print('歡迎管理員')
       break
      elif flag == 2:
       print('歡迎學生')
       break
      elif flag == 3:
       print('歡迎老師')
       break
     if flag == 1:
      while True:
       check = int(
        input(
         '1.建立課程\n2.建立學生賬號\n3.檢視所有課程\n4.檢視所有學生\n5.檢視所有學生的選課資訊\n6.建立講師'
         '\n7.為講師指定班級\n8.建立班級\n9.為學生指定班級\n10.退出程式'))
       if check == 1:
        adm.set_course()
       elif check == 2:
        adm.set_student()
       elif check == 3:
        adm.see_course()
       elif check == 4:
        adm.see_student()
       elif check == 5:
        adm.see_student_course()
       elif check == 6:
        adm.set_teacher()
       elif check == 7:
        adm.app_teacher_to_class()
       elif check == 8:
        adm.set_class()
       elif check == 9:
        adm.app_student_to_class()
       elif check == 10:
        break
     elif flag == 2:
      while True:
       check = int(input('1.檢視所有課程\n2.檢視所選課程\n3.選擇課程\n4.退出程式'))
       if check == 1:
        stu.see_course()
       elif check == 2:
        stu.see_own_course()
       elif check == 3:
        stu.choice_course()
       elif check == 4:
        break
     elif flag == 3:
      while True:
       check = int(input('1.檢視所有課程\n2.檢視所教班級\n3.檢視班級中的學生\n4.退出程式'))
       if check == 1:
        tea.see_course()
       elif check == 2:
        tea.see_class()
       elif check == 3:
        tea.see_class_student()
       elif check == 4:
        break
     print('資料儲存中~')
     adm.save()
     tea.save()
     stu.save()
     cla.save()
     cou.save()
     time.sleep(0.5)
     print('感謝您的使用！')
    

整個系統的資料全部單獨存在，並存儲在csv檔案中

效果圖：

總結

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