.net core日誌系統相關總結
目錄
前言
本節開始整理日誌相關的東西。先整理一下日誌的基本原理。
正文
首先介紹一下包:
1.Microsoft.Extengsion.Logging.Abstrations
這個是介面包。
2.Microsoft.Extengsion.Logging
這個是實現包
3.Microsoft.Extengsion.Logging.Console
這個是擴充套件包
程式碼如下:
static void Main(string[] args) { IConfigurationBuilder configurationBuilder = new ConfigurationBuilder(); configurationBuilder.AddjsonFile("appsettings.json",optional:false,reloadOnChange:true); var config = configurationBuilder.Build(); IServiceCollection serviceCollection = new ServiceCollection(); serviceCollection.AddSingleton<IConfiguration>(p=>config); serviceCollection.AddLogging(builder => { builder.AddConfiguration(config.GetSection("Logging")); builder.AddConsole(); }); IServiceProvider service = serviceCollection.BuildServiceProvider(); ILoggerFactory loggerFactory = service.GetService<ILoggerFactory>(); var loggerObj = loggerFactory.CreateLogger("Default"); loggerObj.LogInformation(2021,"Default,now that is 2021"); var loggerObj2 = loggerFactory.CreateLogger("loggerObj"); loggerObj2.LogDebug(2021,"loggerObj,now that is 2021"); Console.ReadKey(); }
配置檔案:
{ "Logging": { "LogLevel": { "Default": "Debug","Microsoft": "Warning","Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information" },"Console": { "LogLevel": { "Default": "Information","Program": "Trace","loggerObj": "Debug" } } } }
結果:
首先是配置級別的問題,檢視loglevel 檔案:
public enum LogLevel { /// <summary>Logs that contain the most detailed messages. These messages may contain sensitive application data. /// These messages are disabled by default and should never be enabled in a production environment.</summary> Trace,/// <summary>Logs that are used for interactive investigation during development. These logs should primarily contain /// information useful for debugging and have no long-term value.</summary> Debug,/// <summary>Logs that track the general flow of the application. These logs should have long-term value.</summary> Information,/// <summary>Logs that highlight an abnormal or unexpected event in the application flow,but do not otherwise cause the /// application execution to stop.</summary> Warning,/// <summary>Logs that highlight when the current flow of execution is stopped due to a failure. These should indicate a /// failure in the current activity,not an application-wide failure.</summary> Error,/// <summary>Logs that describe an unrecoverable application or system crash,or a catastrophic failure that requires /// immediate attention.</summary> Critical,/// <summary>Not used for writing log messages. Specifies that a logging category should not write any messages.</summary> None,}
從上之下,依次提高log級別。
比如說設定了log 級別是Error,那麼Debug、Information、Warning 都不會被答應出來。
那麼就來分析一下程式碼吧。
AddLogging:
public static IServiceCollection AddLogging(this IServiceCollection services,Action<ILoggingBuilder> configure) { if (services == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(services)); } services.AddOptions(); services.TryAdd(ServiceDescriptor.Singleton<ILoggerFactory,LoggerFactory>()); services.TryAdd(ServiceDescriptor.Singleton(typeof(ILogger<>),typeof(Logger<>))); services.TryAddEnumerable(ServiceDescriptor.Singleton<IConfigureOptions<LoggerFilterOptions>>( new DefaultLoggerLevelConfigureOptions(LogLevel.Information))); configure(new LoggingBuilder(services)); return services; }
這裡面給註冊了ILoggerFactory和ILogger。然後設定了一個列印log的級別配置,LogLevel.Information,這個就是如果我們沒有配置檔案預設就是Information這種級別了。
configure(new LoggingBuilder(services)) 給我們的委託提供了一個LoggingBuilder的例項化物件。這個物件就是用來專門做擴充套件的,是解耦的一種方式。
internal class LoggingBuilder : ILoggingBuilder { public LoggingBuilder(IServiceCollection services) { Services = services; } public IServiceCollection Services { get; } }
這個LoggingBuilder 類基本什麼功能都沒有,但是因為有了這樣一個類,就可以作為擴充套件的標誌了。
比如說上文的:
builder.AddConfiguration(config.GetSection("Logging")); builder.AddConsole();
看下AddConfiguration:
public static ILoggingBuilder AddConfiguration(this ILoggingBuilder builder,IConfiguration configuration) { builder.AddConfiguration(); builder.Services.AddSingleton<IConfigureOptions<LoggerFilterOptions>>(new LoggerFilterConfigureOptions(configuration)); builder.Services.AddSingleton<IOptionsChangeTokenSource<LoggerFilterOptions>>(new ConfigurationChangeTokenSource<LoggerFilterOptions>(configuration)); builder.Services.AddSingleton(new LoggingConfiguration(configuration)); return builder; }
這裡面給我們注入了配置檔案的配置:builder.Services.AddSingleton<IConfigureOptions>(new LoggerFilterConfigureOptions(configuration))
同時給我們註冊監聽令牌:builder.Services.AddSingleton<IOptionsChangeTokenSource>(new ConfigurationChangeTokenSource(configuration));
這裡給我們註冊配置儲存在LoggingConfiguration中:builder.Services.AddSingleton(new LoggingConfiguration(configuration));
因為LoggingConfiguration 儲存了,故而我們隨時可以獲取到LoggingConfiguration 的配置。
看下AddConsole:
/// <param name="builder">The <see cref="ILoggingBuilder"/> to use.</param>
public static ILoggingBuilder AddConsole(this ILoggingBuilder builder)
{
builder.AddConfiguration();
builder.AddConsoleFormatter<JsonConsoleFormatter,JsonConsoleFormatterOptions>();
builder.AddConsoleFormatter<SystemdConsoleFormatter,ConsoleFormatterOptions>lXqYZppIS();
builder.AddConsoleFormatter<SimpleConsoleFormatter,SimpleConsoleFormatterOptions>();
builder.Services.TryAddEnumerable(ServiceDescriptor.Singleton<ILoggerProvider,ConsoleLoggerProvider>());
LoggerProviderOptions.RegisterProviderOptions<ConsoleLoggerOptions,ConsoleLoggerProvider>(builder.Services);
return builder;
}
builder.Services.TryAddEnumerable(ServiceDescriptor.Singleton<ILoggerProvider,ConsoleLoggerProvider>()) 裡面給我們ILoggerProvider 增加了一個ConsoleLoggerProvider,故而我們多了一個列印的功能。
LoggerProviderOptions.RegisterProviderOptions<ConsoleLoggerOptions,ConsoleLoggerProvider>(builder.Services) 給我們加上了ConsoleLoggerOptions 繫結為ConsoleLoggerProvider的配置。
RegisterProviderOptions 如下:
public static void RegisterProviderOptions<TOptions,TProvider>(IServiceCollection services) where TOptions : class { services.TryAddEnumerable(ServiceDescriptor.Singleton<IConfigureOptions<TOptions>,LoggerProviderConfigureOptions<TOptions,TProvider>>()); services.TryAddEnumerable(ServiceDescriptor.Singleton<IOptionsChangeTokenSource<TOptions>,LoggerProviderOptionsChangeTokenSource<TOptions,TProvider>>()); }
接下來就是呼叫服務:
var loggerObj = loggerFactory.CreateLogger("Default"); loggerObj.LogInformation(2021,now that is 2021");
看下LoggerFactory的CreateLogger:
public ILogger CreateLogger(string categoryName) { if (CheckDisposed()) { throw new ObjectDisposedException(nameof(LoggerFactory)); } lock (_sync) { if (!_loggers.TryGetValue(categoryName,out Logger logger)) { logger = new Logger { Loggers = CreateLoggers(categoryName),}; (logger.MessageLoggers,logger.ScopeLoggers) = ApplyFilters(logger.Loggers); _loggers[categoryName] = logger; } return logger; } }
裡面做了快取,如果categoryName有快取的話直接使用快取,如果沒有那麼呼叫CreateLoggers建立。
檢視CreateLoggers:
private LoggerInformation[] CreateLoggers(string categoryName) { var loggers = new LoggerInformation[_providerRegistrations.Count]; for (int i = 0; i < _providerRegistrations.Count; i++) { loggers[i] = new LoggerInformation(_providerRegistrations[i].Provider,categoryName); } return loggers; }
這裡面就用我們前面註冊過的全部logger的provider,封裝進LoggerInformation。
檢視LoggerInformation:
internal readonly struct LoggerInformation { public LoggerInformation(ILoggerProvider provider,string category) : this() { ProviderType = provider.GetType(); Logger = provider.CreateLogger(category); Category = category; ExternalScope = provider is ISupportExternalScope; } public ILogger Logger { get; } public string Category { get; } public Type ProviderType { get; } public bool ExternalScope { get; } }
裡面呼叫了我們,每個provider的CreateLogger。
那麼這個時候我們就找一個provider 看下CreateLogger到底做了什麼,這裡就找一下ConsoleLoggerProvider,因為我們添加了這個。
[ProviderAlias("Console")] public class ConsoleLoggerProvider : ILoggerProvider,ISupportExternalScope { private readonly IOptionsMonitor<ConsoleLoggerOptions> _o程式設計客棧ptions; public ILogger CreateLogger(string name) { if (_options.CurrentValue.FormatterName == null || !_formatters.TryGetValue(_options.CurrentValue.FormatterName,out ConsoleFormatter logFormatter)) { #pragma warning disable CS0618 logFormatter = _options.CurrentValue.Format switch { ConsoleLoggerFormat.Systemd => _formatters[ConsoleFormatterNames.Systemd],_ => _formatters[ConsoleFormatterNames.Simple],}; if (_options.CurrentValue.FormatterName == null) { UpdateFormatterOptions(logFormatter,_options.CurrentValue); } #pragma warning disable CS0618 } return _loggers.GetOrAdd(name,loggerName => new ConsoleLogger(name,_messageQueue) { Options = _options.CurrentValue,ScopeProvider = _scopeProvider,Formatter = logFormatter,}); } }
看到這www.cppcns.com個IOptionsMonitor,就知道console 配置是支援熱更新的,裡面建立了ConsoleLogger,這個ConsoleLogger就是用來打log正在的呼叫類。
值得注意的是_messageQueue這個,看了列印log還是有一個佇列的,按照先進先出原則。
那麼最後來看一下loggerObj.LogInformation(2021,now that is 2021");:
第一層 public static void LogInformation(this ILogger logger,EventId eventId,string message,params object[] args) { logger.Log(LogLevel.Information,eventId,message,args); } 第二層 public static void Log(this ILogger logger,LogLevel logLevel,params object[] args) { logger.Log(logLevel,null,args); } 第三層 public static void Log(this ILogger logger,Exception exception,params object[] args) { if (logger == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(logger)); } logger.Log(logLevel,new FormattedLogValues(message,args),exception,_messageFormatter); }
那麼這個logger.Log 是呼叫具體某個logger,像consoleLogger 嗎? 不是,我們看LoggerFactory的CreateLogger時候封裝了:
logger = new Logger { Loggers = CreateLoggers(categoryName),};
那麼看下Logger的Log到底幹了什麼。
internal class Logger : ILogger
{
public LoggerInformation[] Loggers { get; set; }
public MessageLogger[] MessageLoggers { get; set; }
public ScopeLogger[] ScopeLoggers { get; set; }
public void Log<TState>(LogLevel logLevel,TState state,Func<TState,Exception,string> formatter)
{
MessageLogger[] loggers = MessageLoggers;
if (loggers == null)
{
return;
}
List<Exception> exceptions = null;
for (int i = 0; i < loggers.Length; i+www.cppcns.com+)
{
ref readonly MessageLogger loggerInfo = ref loggers[i];
if (!loggerInfo.IsEnabled(logLevel))
{
continue;
}
LoggerLog(logLevel,loggerInfo.Logger,formatter,ref exceptions,state);
}
if (exceptions != null && exceptions.Count > 0)
{
ThrowLoggingError(exceptions);
}
static void LoggerLog(LogLevel logLevel,ILogger logger,string> formatter,ref List<Exception> exceptions,in TState state)
{
try
{
logger.Log(logLevel,state,formatter);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
if (exceptions == null)
{
exceptions = new List<Exception>();
}
exceptions.Add(ex);
}
}
}
}
裡面迴圈判斷是否當前級別能夠輸出:!loggerInfo.IsEnabled(logLevel)
然後呼叫對應的具體ILog實現的Log,這裡貼一下ConsoleLogger 的實現:
[ThreadStatic] private static StringWriter t_stringWriter; public void Log<TState>(LogLevel logLevel,string> formatter) { if (!IsEnabled(logLevel)) { return; } if (formatter == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(formatter)); } t_stringWriter ??= new StringWriter(); LogEntry<TState> logEntry = new LogEntry<TState>(logLevel,_name,formatter); Formatter.Write(in logEntry,ScopeProvider,t_stringWriter); var sb = t_stringWriter.GetStringBuilder(); if (sb.Length == 0) { return; } string computedAnsiString = sb.ToString(); sb.Clear(); if (sb.Capacity > 1024) { sb.Capacity = 1024; } _queueProcessor.EnqueueMessage(new LogMessageEntry(computedAnsiString,logAsError: logLevel >= Options.LogToStandardErrorThreshold)); }
把這個佇列的也貼一下,比較經典吧。
internal class ConsoleLoggerProcessor : IDisposable { private const int _maxQueuedMessages = 1024; private readonly BlockingCollection<LogMessageEntry> _messageQueue = new BlockingCollection<LogMessageEntry>(_maxQueuedMessages); private readonly Thread _outputThread; public IConsole Console; public IConsole ErrorConsole; public ConsoleLoggerProcessor() { // Start Console message queue processor _outputThread = new Thread(ProcessLogQueue) { IsBackground = true,Name = "Console logger queue processing thread" }; _outputThread.Start(); } public virtual void EnqueueMessage(LogMessageEntry message) { if (!_messageQueue.IsAddingCompleted) { try { _messageQueue.Add(message); return; } catch (InvalidOperationException) { } } // Adding is completed so just log the message try { WriteMessage(message); } catch (Exception) { } } // for testing internal virtual void WriteMessage(LogMessageEntry entry) { IConsole console = entry.LogAsError ? ErrorConsole : Console; console.Write(entry.Message); } private void ProcessLogQueue() { try { foreach (LogMessageEntry message in _messageQueue.GetConsumingEnumerable()) { WriteMessage(message); } } catch { try { _messageQueue.CompleteAdding(); } catch { } } } public void Dispose() { _messageQueue.CompleteAdding(); try { _outputThread.Join(1500); // with timeout in-case Console is locked by user input } catch (ThreadStateException) { } } }
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