gcc編譯過程和重要引數
阿新 • • 發佈：2021-06-24
hello.c
#include <stdio.h>
main() {
printf("hello world\n");
}
編譯過程
#####列印gcc的版本、target、編譯引數、執行緒模型 Using built-in specs. COLLECT_GCC=gcc COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/8/lto-wrapper OFFLOAD_TARGET_NAMES=nvptx-none OFFLOAD_TARGET_DEFAULT=1 Target: x86_64-redhat-linux Configured with: ../configure --enable-bootstrap --enable-languages=c,c++,fortran,lto --prefix=/usr --mandir=/usr/share/man --infodir=/usr/share/info --with-bugurl=http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --enable-checking=release --enable-multilib --with-system-zlib --enable-__cxa_atexit --disable-libunwind-exceptions --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-linker-build-id --with-gcc-major-version-only --with-linker-hash-style=gnu --enable-plugin --enable-initfini-array --with-isl --disable-libmpx --enable-offload-targets=nvptx-none --without-cuda-driver --enable-gnu-indirect-function --enable-cet --with-tune=generic --with-arch_32=x86-64 --build=x86_64-redhat-linux Thread model: posix gcc version 8.4.1 20200928 (Red Hat 8.4.1-1) (GCC) #####預處理(處理巨集命令,條件編譯，標頭檔案等)、編譯(語法檢查，生產彙編檔案.s) COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64' /usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/8/cc1 -quiet -v hello.c -quiet -dumpbase hello.c -mtune=generic -march=x86-64 -auxbase hello -version -o /tmp/ccP7pCvS.s GNU C17 (GCC) version 8.4.1 20200928 (Red Hat 8.4.1-1) (x86_64-redhat-linux) compiled by GNU C version 8.4.1 20200928 (Red Hat 8.4.1-1), GMP version 6.1.2, MPFR version 3.1.6-p2, MPC version 1.0.2, isl version isl-0.16.1-GMP warning: MPC header version 1.0.2 differs from library version 1.1.0. GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072 ignoring nonexistent directory "/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/8/include-fixed" ignoring nonexistent directory "/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/8/../../../../x86_64-redhat-linux/include" #include "..." search starts here: #include <...> search starts here: /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/8/include /usr/local/include /usr/include End of search list. GNU C17 (GCC) version 8.4.1 20200928 (Red Hat 8.4.1-1) (x86_64-redhat-linux) compiled by GNU C version 8.4.1 20200928 (Red Hat 8.4.1-1), GMP version 6.1.2, MPFR version 3.1.6-p2, MPC version 1.0.2, isl version isl-0.16.1-GMP warning: MPC header version 1.0.2 differs from library version 1.1.0. GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072 Compiler executable checksum: ba4472413baf586bad38c66b3c26fe90 hello.c:3:1: warning: return type defaults to ‘int’ [-Wimplicit-int] main() { ^~~~ #####彙編(轉化為機器碼,平臺x86-64) COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64' as -v --64 -o /tmp/ccm6m8LR.o /tmp/ccP7pCvS.s GNU assembler version 2.30 (x86_64-redhat-linux) using BFD version version 2.30-93.el8 #####連結 COMPILER_PATH=/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/8/:/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/8/:/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/8/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/ LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/8/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/8/../../../../lib64/:/lib/../lib64/:/usr/lib/../lib64/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/8/../../../:/lib/:/usr/lib/ COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64' /usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/8/collect2 -plugin /usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/8/liblto_plugin.so -plugin-opt=/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/8/lto-wrapper -plugin-opt=-fresolution=/tmp/cc2qvFZQ.res -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc_s -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lc -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc_s --build-id --no-add-needed --eh-frame-hdr --hash-style=gnu -m elf_x86_64 -dynamic-linker /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/8/../../../../lib64/crt1.o /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/8/../../../../lib64/crti.o /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/8/crtbegin.o -L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/8 -L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/8/../../../../lib64 -L/lib/../lib64 -L/usr/lib/../lib64 -L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/8/../../.. /tmp/ccm6m8LR.o -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed -lc -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/8/crtend.o /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/8/../../../../lib64/crtn.o COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64'
常用引數
-E 只預處理
-S 到編譯
-c 到彙編
-pie 生成位置無關二進位制
-shared 生產庫檔案
-W warning配置
-Wa,<options> 彙編配置
-Wp,<options> 預處理配置
-Wl,<options> 聯結器配置
-m 交叉編譯配置
-g 保留debug資訊
-O1 優化級別