Flask、Tornado、Nginx搭建Https服務

阿新 • • 發佈：2021-06-30

其實Flask可以直接用tornado部署就行：

# coding=utf-8
from tornado.wsgi import WSGIContainer
from tornado.httpserver import HTTPServer
from tornado.ioloop import IOLoop
from app.app_main import app


if __name__ == '__main__':
    http_server = HTTPServer(WSGIContainer(app))
    http_server.listen(9050)
    IOLoop.instance().start()

以上就可以直接通過訪問ip或者域名加9050埠就可以訪問了。

但是，如果要支援https呢？要直接訪問域名（域名後面不叫埠號）呢？同時訪問http直接跳轉到http是呢？

接下來講一下：

首先，部署方式要修改一下程式碼：

# coding=utf-8
import os.path
from tornado.httpserver import HTTPServer
from tornado.wsgi import WSGIContainer
from tornado import ioloop
from app.app_main import app


pl = os.getcwd().split(' 
cover_app_platform')
cert_path = pl[0] + r'cover_app_platform\\app\\https_cert\\'


def main():
    application = HTTPServer(WSGIContainer(app))
    # https證書地址
    https_cert_file = cert_path + 'covercert.pem'
    # https證書私鑰地址
    https_key_file = cert_path + 'privatekey.pem'
    # https服務
    server = HTTPServer(application, ssl_options={" 
certfile": https_cert_file, "keyfile": https_key_file})
    # 9070啟動埠
    server.listen(9070)
    ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

當然，怎麼生成“covercert.pem”和'privatekey.pem'檔案呢，你可以找你們運維給你生成，或者讓運維給你跟證書，自己生成：

# 生成證書的申請檔案和私鑰檔案
openssl  req -nodes -newkey rsa:1024 -out coverreq.pem -keyout privatekey.pem

# req：request的簡寫，代表發出一個申請數字證書的請求
# -nodes：不生成pin碼，簡化流程
# -newkey：生成新證書並指明加密演算法和長度，也可以寫成2048
# -out：輸出一個請求檔案，非密碼檔案
# -keyout：生成私鑰

# 生成證書 ：使用申請檔案和私鑰進行證書的申請，自己給自己頒發證書
openssl req -in coverreq.pem -x509 -key privatekey.pem -out covercert.pem -days 3650 
# -in：用之前的申請檔案作為輸入 
# -x509：證書格式 
# -key：私鑰檔案 
# -out：產出的證書檔案 
# -days：證書有效期

然後我們來配置nginx，怎麼安裝就不介紹了：

在配置nginx\conf\nginx.conf配置檔案前，先copy儲存一下，

找到http{}段：

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  xx.thecover.cn;
        rewrite ^(.*) https://$server_name$1 permanent;

        # charset utf-8;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            proxy_pass https://localhost:9070;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }

server裡我們配置執行的埠為80，域名為“xx.thecover.cn”，“rewrite ^(.*) https://$server_name$1 permanent;” 請求都轉發到https，比如客服端訪問http域名，也直接轉為https。

location裡直接配置我們flask啟動的地址和埠“proxy_pass https://localhost:9070;”。

接下來配置Https:

配置https前，我們需要把證書和私鑰檔案放到nginx下的/conf/cert目錄下，一般conf下沒有cert資料夾的，需要直接建一個：

然後找到# HTTPS server段：

server{}這裡一般都是註釋了的，都開啟：

 # HTTPS server
    #
    server {
        listen       443 ssl;
        server_name   localhost;

        ssl_certificate      cert/covercert.pem;
        ssl_certificate_key  cert/privatekey.pem;

        ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
        ssl_session_timeout  5m;

        ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
        ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

        location / {
            #root   html;
            #index  index.html index.htm;
            proxy_pass   https://localhost:9070;
        }

    }