一. 環境配置

​ 虛擬機器安裝建議分2G記憶體，30G硬碟。

1. 關閉防火牆（或放行相關埠）

   systemctl stop firewalld
   systemctl disable firewalld
   

2. 關閉selinux

   • 修改SELINUX=disabled

     vi /etc/selinux/config
     

     # This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
     # SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
     #     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
     #     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
     #     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
     SELINUX=disabled
     # SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three values:
     #     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
     #     minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.
     #     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
     SELINUXTYPE=targeted
      
     

   • 重啟

     reboot
     

3. 將oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm和oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm上傳到/opt下

二. 依賴安裝

1. 安裝oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

   yum -y localinstall /opt/oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   

三. 安裝配置Oracle 19c

1. 安裝Oracle 19c

   yum -y localinstall /opt/oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm
    
   

2. 初始化Oracle資料庫（時間較長）

   /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c configure
   

3. 配置環境變數

   • 卻換到oracle使用者

     su - oracle
     

   • 新增環境變數

     vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile
     

     # .bash_profile
     
     # Get the aliases and functions
     if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
             . ~/.bashrc
     fi
     
     # User specific environment and startup programs
     
     PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin
     
     export PATH
     
     export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1
     export PATH=$PATH:/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/bin
     export ORACLE_SID=ORCLCDB
     

   • 使環境變數生效

     source /home/oracle/.bash_profile
     

4. 登陸資料庫

   sqlplus / as sysdba
   

5. 修改system密碼為123456

   alter user system identified by 123456;
   

6. 退出資料庫

   exit;
   

四. 設定資料庫監聽自啟動

1. 修改/etc/oratab檔案N為Y

   vi /etc/oratab
   

   # This file is used by ORACLE utilities.  It is created by root.sh
   # and updated by either Database Configuration Assistant while creating
   # a database or ASM Configuration Assistant while creating ASM instance.
   
   # A colon, ':', is used as the field terminator.  A new line terminates
   # the entry.  Lines beginning with a pound sign, '#', are comments.
   #
   # Entries are of the form:
   #   $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y>:
   #
   # The first and second fields are the system identifier and home
   # directory of the database respectively.  The third field indicates
   # to the dbstart utility that the database should , "Y", or should not,
   # "N", be brought up at system boot time.
   #
   # Multiple entries with the same $ORACLE_SID are not allowed.
   #
   #
   ORCLCDB:/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1:Y
   

2. 在/etc/rc.local中新增需執行的命令

   su root # 卻換為root使用者
   vi /etc/rc.local
   

   #!/bin/bash
   # THIS FILE IS ADDED FOR COMPATIBILITY PURPOSES
   #
   # It is highly advisable to create own systemd services or udev rules
   # to run scripts during boot instead of using this file.
   #
   # In contrast to previous versions due to parallel execution during boot
   # this script will NOT be run after all other services.
   #
   # Please note that you must run 'chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local' to ensure
   # that this script will be executed during boot.
   
   touch /var/lock/subsys/local
   
   su - oracle -c 'lsnrctl start'
   su - oracle -c 'dbstart'
   

3. 修改$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart檔案，修改ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

   vi $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart
   

   $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart 檔案區域性

   ...
   #####################################
   
   LOGMSG="logger -puser.alert -s "
   
   trap 'exit' 1 2 3
   
   # for script tracing
   case $ORACLE_TRACE in
     T) set -x ;;
   esac
   
   # Set path if path not set (if called from /etc/rc)
   SAVE_PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/etc:${PATH} ; export PATH
   SAVE_LLP=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
   
   # First argument is used to bring up Oracle Net Listener
   ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME
   if [ ! $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER ]; then
     echo "Since ORACLE_HOME is not set, cannot auto-start Oracle Net Listener."
     echo "Usage: $0 ORACLE_HOME"
   else
   ...
   

4. 設定CentOS7，8開機執行/etc/rc.local檔案（CentOS7，8開機不執行/etc/rc.local檔案）

   • 給 /etc/rc.d/rc.local 新增 可執行許可權

     chmod a+x /etc/rc.d/rc.local 
     

   • 將 rc-local 服務設定成開機啟動（預設狀態是 static，會被其他service服務呼叫執行。不過還是修改一下，以防那個服務被停用就牽連了）

     systemctl enable rc-local
     

   • 重啟，用sqldeveloper連結，驗證是否成功

     reboot
     

   • 刪除/opt下oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm和oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

     rm /opt/oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm /opt/oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm