Docker映象相關的命令
阿新 • • 發佈：2021-07-12
官方文件：https://docs.docker.com/reference/
獲取映象
docker pull 映象名稱
示例：
$ docker pull redis:6
注：映象名稱後面可以指定 tag 標籤資訊，來拉取指定的版本， 如果不宣告 tag 映象標籤資訊則預設拉取 latest 版本。
檢視本地映象
方式1:
docker images
方式2:
docker image ls
示例:
$ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE redis 6 bc8d70f9ef6c 4 days ago 105MB redis latest bc8d70f9ef6c 4 days ago 105MB nginx latest 8a2fb25a19f5 4 days ago 16M
- REPOSITORY: 映象在倉庫中的名稱
- TAG: 映象標籤
- IMAGE ID: 映象ID
- CREATED: 映象的建立日期（不是獲取該映象的日期）
- SIZE: 映象大小
使用 -q 引數列出所有映象的id
$ docker images -q
311b8e6ce7a
1311b8e6ce7a
13c0a7ac4e4c
7ef0d2051128
a86b7d59e091
搜尋映象
docker search 映象名稱
示例:
$ sudo docker search redis NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED redis Redis is an open source key-value store that… 9448 [OK] bitnami/redis Bitnami Redis Docker Image 180 [OK] sameersbn/redis 83 [OK] grokzen/redis-cluster Redis cluster 3.0, 3.2, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 6.2 78 rediscommander/redis-commander Alpine image for redis-commander - Redis man… 58 [OK] redislabs/redisearch Redis With the RedisSearch module pre-loaded… 34 redislabs/redis Clustered in-memory database engine compatib… 30 redislabs/redisinsight RedisInsight - The GUI for Redis 30 oliver006/redis_exporter Prometheus Exporter for Redis Metrics. Supp… 25
- NAME: 映象名稱
- DESCRIPTION: 映象的描述
- STARS: 點贊數目，反映一個映象的受歡迎程度
- OFFICIAL: 是否為官方構建
- AUTOMATED: 自動構建，表示該映象由 Docker Hub 自動構建流程建立的
刪除映象
可以使用映象ID，映象名（倉庫名:標籤）來刪除映象
docker rmi 映象ID
# docker rmi 倉庫名:標籤
或者:
docker image rm 映象ID
# docker image rm 倉庫名:標籤
引數：
-f: 強制刪除映象，即使有容器在使用該映象
--no-prune: 不清理未帶標籤的父映象
示例:
$ docker image rm mongo:latest Untagged: mongo:latest Untagged: mongo@sha256:8b35c0a75c2dbf23110ed2485feca567ec9ab743feee7a0d7a148f806daf5e86 Deleted: sha256:07630e791de3ceb87d39543799438e118753246d19dcfd6529bd4d27ff1b83bd Deleted: sha256:4a66f19e9d76939e792729b76a29d272779492806307f81e7a000815206fdcec Deleted: sha256:13dcbb5d78f44fd2197f2107de111604c96602f238fc6c9b106abc1e1586073d Deleted: sha256:6a9ec91fc2a1e84877840a47a4a76e25be748cca6f828d0a4f33db1cd0b3058e Deleted: sha256:f633e79fbfe93d8750cb22cfa13708ac74838113bff5b054ea8a788f1ef522cd Deleted: sha256:f7113b27f3a2d69a87eee7cf778c813dfd229f8fcd3e9619728226fcf99301b9 Deleted: sha256:8ec2a7a02aaca5c75168922c58048474dbcb62bcba488d46272b8e6b9586f39b Deleted: sha256:95558bd5c3398f4a0d176bb6e3f580158b7e1d29143951f0eb79582a59a0cfe1 Deleted: sha256:d99356a78f13510683e69464045da3e6a2d9577c57b9d9889aa2e30f81d6c8b6 Deleted: sha256:03f5eb78fae16679a5641a35ead4819f2f719a7f08498ed2906515dda760be15 Deleted: sha256:5683b8d625d1dfa13fd9bf36bd007876a10ba7b9d0159e5b751c2e555056b1a4 Deleted: sha256:e40721a5f7d83ef5475788aa771a9cc75312998fb206ba8c2cf4294f9594f46e Deleted: sha256:5153e1acaabce0d87adbf4a717bdc5e26cf86d851330830589a6b2bf5ede30ee
結合 docker images 命令刪除指定的映象
docker image rm $(docker images -q redis)
新增映象標籤
docker tag SOURCE_IMAGE[:TAG] TARGET_IMAGE[:TAG]
示例：
$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
redis 6 bc8d70f9ef6c 6 weeks ago 105MB
redis latest bc8d70f9ef6c 6 weeks ago 105MB
minio/minio latest 305cf2390a4e 2 months ago 184MB
$ docker tag redis:latest redis:v1
$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
redis 6 bc8d70f9ef6c 6 weeks ago 105MB
redis latest bc8d70f9ef6c 6 weeks ago 105MB
redis v1 bc8d70f9ef6c 6 weeks ago 105MB
minio/minio latest 305cf2390a4e 2 months ago 184MB
- 可以看到成功新增了一條 TAG 記錄，但是 IMAGE ID 沒有變化，可以看出他們是同一個映象。
- 如果沒有指定tag，則預設是latest標籤。
映象的匯入匯出
映象匯出：將映象儲存為tar檔案
docker save [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...]
OPTIONS:
- -o: 輸出到的檔案
示例:
docker save -o redis-latest.tar redis:latest
docker save -o redis-v1.tar redis:v1
檢視儲存後的tar檔案:
$ ls -al
-rw------- 1 root root 108803072 6月 25 11:02 redis-latest.tar
-rw------- 1 root root 108803072 6月 25 11:05 redis-v1.tar
映象匯入：匯入使用docker save命令匯出的映象
docker load [OPTIONS]
OPTIONS:
- -i: 指定要匯入的檔案
- -q: 精簡輸出
示例:
$ docker load -i ./redis-v1.tar
Loaded image: redis:v1
檢視映象的歷史
$ docker image history [OPTIONS] IMAGE
OPTIONS:
- --human, -H: 以可讀的格式列印，預設為 true
- --no-trunc: 顯示完整的提交記錄
- --quiet, -q: 僅列出提交記錄 ID
示例:
$ docker image history redis
IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY SIZE COMMENT
bc8d70f9ef6c 2 months ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["redis-server"] 0B
<missing> 2 months ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) EXPOSE 6379 0B
<missing> 2 months ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENTRYPOINT ["docker-entry… 0B
<missing> 2 months ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) COPY file:df205a0ef6e6df89… 374B
<missing> 2 months ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) WORKDIR /data 0B
<missing> 2 months ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) VOLUME [/data] 0B
<missing> 2 months ago /bin/sh -c mkdir /data && chown redis:redis … 0B
<missing> 2 months ago /bin/sh -c set -eux; savedAptMark="$(apt-m… 31.6MB
<missing> 2 months ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENV REDIS_DOWNLOAD_SHA=98… 0B
<missing> 2 months ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENV REDIS_DOWNLOAD_URL=ht… 0B
<missing> 2 months ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENV REDIS_VERSION=6.2.3 0B
<missing> 2 months ago /bin/sh -c set -eux; savedAptMark="$(apt-ma… 4.15MB
<missing> 2 months ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENV GOSU_VERSION=1.12 0B
<missing> 2 months ago /bin/sh -c groupadd -r -g 999 redis && usera… 329kB
<missing> 2 months ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["bash"] 0B
<missing> 2 months ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:7362e0e50f30ff454… 69.3MB