Python - 淺拷貝的四種實現方式
阿新 • • 發佈:2021-08-01
淺拷貝詳解
https://www.cnblogs.com/poloyy/p/15084277.html
方式一:使用切片 [:]
列表
# 淺拷貝 [:] old_list = [1, 2, [3, 4]] new_list = old_list[:] old_list.append(5) old_list[2][0] += 97 print("Old list:", old_list, "old list id:", id(old_list), " old list[0] id:", id(old_list[2])) print("new list:", new_list, "new list id:", id(new_list), " new list[0] id:", id(new_list[2])) # 輸出結果 Old list: [1, 2, [100, 4], 5] old list id: 4537660608 old list[0] id: 4537659840 new list: [1, 2, [100, 4]] new list id: 4537711424 new list[0] id: 4537659840
方式二:使用工廠函式
工廠函式簡介
- 工廠函式看上去像函式,但實際是一個類
- 呼叫時,生成該資料型別型別的一個例項
可變物件的工廠函式
- list()
- set()
- dict()
列表
# 淺拷貝 工廠函式 old_list = [1, 2, [3, 4]] new_list = list(old_list) old_list.append(5) old_list[2][0] += 97 print("Old list:", old_list, "old list id:", id(old_list), " old list[0] id:", id(old_list[2])) print("new list:", new_list, "new list id:", id(new_list), " new list[0] id:", id(new_list[2]))
集合
# 淺拷貝 工廠函式-集合 old_set = {1, 2, 3} new_set = set(old_set) old_set.add(4) print("Old set:", old_set, "old set id:", id(old_set)) print("new set:", new_set, "new set id:", id(new_set)) # 輸出結果 Old set: {1, 2, 3, 4} old set id: 4484723648 new set: {1, 2, 3} new set id: 4484723872
字典
# 淺拷貝 工廠函式-字典 old_dict = {"name": "小菠蘿"} new_dict = dict(old_dict) old_dict["second"] = "測試筆記" print("Old dict:", old_dict, "old dict id:", id(old_dict)) print("new dict:", new_dict, "new dict id:", id(new_dict)) # 輸出結果 Old dict: {'name': '小菠蘿', 'second': '測試筆記'} old dict id: 4514161536 new dict: {'name': '小菠蘿'} new dict id: 4515690304
方式三:使用資料型別自帶的 copy 方法
列表
# 淺拷貝 自帶的copy方法-列表 old_list = [1, 2, [3, 4]] new_list = old_list.copy() old_list.append(5) old_list[2][0] += 97 print("Old list:", old_list, "old list id:", id(old_list), " old list[0] id:", id(old_list[2])) print("new list:", new_list, "new list id:", id(new_list), " new list[0] id:", id(new_list[2])) # 輸出結果 Old list: [1, 2, [100, 4], 5] old list id: 4309832000 old list[0] id: 4310372992 new list: [1, 2, [100, 4]] new list id: 4309735296 new list[0] id: 4310372992
集合
# 淺拷貝 自帶的copy方法-集合 old_set = {1, 2, 3} new_set = old_set.copy() old_set.add(4) print("Old set:", old_set, "old set id:", id(old_set)) print("new set:", new_set, "new set id:", id(new_set)) # 輸出結果 Old set: {1, 2, 3, 4} old set id: 4309931392 new set: {1, 2, 3} new set id: 4309930944
字典
# 淺拷貝 自帶的copy方法-字典 old_dict = {"name": "小菠蘿"} new_dict = old_dict.copy() old_dict["second"] = "測試筆記" print("Old dict:", old_dict, "old dict id:", id(old_dict)) print("new dict:", new_dict, "new dict id:", id(new_dict)) # 輸出結果 Old dict: {'name': '小菠蘿', 'second': '測試筆記'} old dict id: 4308452288 new dict: {'name': '小菠蘿'} new dict id: 4308452224
原始碼
def copy(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown """ Return a shallow copy of the list. """ pass
已經寫的很清楚,這是淺拷貝
方式四:使用 copy 模組的 copy 方法
列表
# 淺拷貝 copy模組的copy方法-列表 from copy import copy old_list = [1, 2, [3, 4]] new_list = copy(old_list) old_list.append(5) old_list[2][0] += 97 print("Old list:", old_list, "old list id:", id(old_list), " old list[0] id:", id(old_list[2])) print("new list:", new_list, "new list id:", id(new_list), " new list[0] id:", id(new_list[2])) # 輸出結果 Old list: [1, 2, [100, 4], 5] old list id: 4381013184 old list[0] id: 4381159936 new list: [1, 2, [100, 4]] new list id: 4381012800 new list[0] id: 4381159936
集合
# 淺拷貝 copy模組的copy方法-集合 from copy import copy old_set = {1, 2, 3} new_set = copy(old_set) old_set.add(4) print("Old set:", old_set, "old set id:", id(old_set)) print("new set:", new_set, "new set id:", id(new_set)) # 輸出結果 Old set: {1, 2, 3, 4} old set id: 4381115552 new set: {1, 2, 3} new set id: 4381115776
字典
# 淺拷貝 copy模組的copy方法-字典 from copy import copy old_dict = {"name": "小菠蘿"} new_dict = copy(old_dict) old_dict["second"] = "測試筆記" print("Old dict:", old_dict, "old dict id:", id(old_dict)) print("new dict:", new_dict, "new dict id:", id(new_dict)) # 輸出結果 Old dict: {'name': '小菠蘿', 'second': '測試筆記'} old dict id: 4381159680 new dict: {'name': '小菠蘿'} new dict id: 4379632576