資料庫的增量以及全量的備份
阿新 • • 發佈:2021-10-09
應用場景:
1)增量備份在週一到週六凌晨3點,會複製mysql-bin.00000*到指定目錄;
2)全量備份則使用mysqldump將所有的資料庫匯出,每週日凌晨3點執行,並會刪除上週留下的mysq-bin.00000*,然後對mysql的備份操作會保留在bak.log檔案中。
指令碼實現:
1)全量備份指令碼(假設mysql登入密碼為123456;注意指令碼中的命令路徑):
[root@test-huanqiu ~]# vim /root/Mysql-FullyBak.sh #!/bin/bash # Program # use mysqldump to Fully backup mysql data per week! # History # Path BakDir=/home/mysql/backup LogFile=/home/mysql/backup/bak.log Date=`date +%Y%m%d` Begin=`date +"%Y年%m月%d日 %H:%M:%S"` cd $BakDir DumpFile=$Date.sql GZDumpFile=$Date.sql.tgz /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump -uroot -p123456 --quick --events --all-databases --flush-logs --delete-master-logs --single-transaction > $DumpFile /bin/tar -zvcf $GZDumpFile $DumpFile /bin/rm $DumpFile Last=`date +"%Y年%m月%d日 %H:%M:%S"` echo 開始:$Begin 結束:$Last $GZDumpFile succ >> $LogFile cd $BakDir/daily /bin/rm -f *
2)增量備份指令碼(指令碼中mysql的資料存放路徑是/home/mysql/data,具體根據自己的實際情況進行調整)
[root@test-huanqiu ~]# vim /root/Mysql-DailyBak.sh #!/bin/bash # Program # use cp to backup mysql data everyday! # History # Path BakDir=/home/mysql/backup/daily //增量備份時複製mysql-bin.00000*的目標目錄,提前手動建立這個目錄 BinDir=/home/mysql/data //mysql的資料目錄 LogFile=/home/mysql/backup/bak.log BinFile=/home/mysql/data/mysql-bin.index //mysql的index檔案路徑,放在資料目錄下的 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p123456 flush-logs #這個是用於產生新的mysql-bin.00000*檔案 Counter=`wc -l $BinFile |awk '{print $1}'` NextNum=0 #這個for迴圈用於比對$Counter,$NextNum這兩個值來確定檔案是不是存在或最新的 for file in `cat $BinFile` do base=`basename $file` #basename用於擷取mysql-bin.00000*檔名,去掉./mysql-bin.000005前面的./ NextNum=`expr $NextNum + 1` if [ $NextNum -eq $Counter ] then echo $base skip! >> $LogFile else dest=$BakDir/$base if(test -e $dest) #test -e用於檢測目標檔案是否存在,存在就寫exist!到$LogFile去 then echo $base exist! >> $LogFile else cp $BinDir/$base $BakDir echo $base copying >> $LogFile fi fi done echo `date +"%Y年%m月%d日 %H:%M:%S"` $Next Bakup succ! >> $LogFile
3)設定crontab任務,執行備份指令碼。先執行的是增量備份指令碼,然後執行的是全量備份指令碼:
[root@test-huanqiu ~]# crontab -e #每個星期日凌晨3:00執行完全備份指令碼 0 3 * * 0 /bin/bash -x /root/Mysql-FullyBak.sh >/dev/null 2>&1 #週一到週六凌晨3:00做增量備份 0 3 * * 1-6 /bin/bash -x /root/Mysql-DailyBak.sh >/dev/null 2>&1 4)手動執行上面兩個指令碼,測試下備份效果 [root@test-huanqiu backup]# pwd /home/mysql/backup [root@test-huanqiu backup]# mkdir daily [root@test-huanqiu backup]# ll total 4 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Nov 29 11:29 daily [root@test-huanqiu backup]# ll daily/ total 0 先執行增量備份指令碼 [root@test-huanqiu backup]# sh /root/Mysql-DailyBak.sh [root@test-huanqiu backup]# ll total 8 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 121 Nov 29 11:29 bak.log drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Nov 29 11:29 daily [root@test-huanqiu backup]# ll daily/ total 8 -rw-r-----. 1 root root 152 Nov 29 11:29 mysql-binlog.000030 -rw-r-----. 1 root root 152 Nov 29 11:29 mysql-binlog.000031 [root@test-huanqiu backup]# cat bak.log mysql-binlog.000030 copying mysql-binlog.000031 copying mysql-binlog.000032 skip! 2016年11月29日 11:29:32 Bakup succ!
然後執行全量備份指令碼
[root@test-huanqiu backup]# sh /root/Mysql-FullyBak.sh 20161129.sql [root@test-huanqiu backup]# ll total 152 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 145742 Nov 29 11:30 20161129.sql.tgz -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 211 Nov 29 11:30 bak.log drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Nov 29 11:30 daily [root@test-huanqiu backup]# ll daily/ total 0 [root@test-huanqiu backup]# cat bak.log mysql-binlog.000030 copying mysql-binlog.000031 copying mysql-binlog.000032 skip!
11:30:38 20161129.sql.tgz succ
轉載於:https://www.cnblogs.com/abeli/p/6725201.html