KingbaseES 如何開啟並進入資料庫
關鍵字：
KingbaseES、sys_ctl、ksql
一、資料庫啟動前環境檢測
1.1 檢視kingbase使用者環境變數配置
圖1-1 檢視.bashrc環境變數配置
1.2 應用環境變數
[kingbase@node1 ~]$ source .bashrc
[kingbase@node1 ~]$ which ksql
/opt/Kingbase/ES/V8R6_021/Server/bin/ksql
[kingbase@node1 ~]$ which sys_ctl
/opt/Kingbase/ES/V8R6_021/Server/bin/sys_ctl
1.3 檢視資料庫資料儲存路徑
在資料庫軟體包安裝目錄的Logs目錄下檢視相關的日誌，可以獲取到資料庫資料儲存路徑，如下圖1-2所示：
圖1-2 檢視資料庫資料儲存路徑
1.4 檢視資料庫配置檔案資訊
根據實際的業務場景，調整資料庫的預設配置。
圖1-3 kingbase.conf 配置資訊
二、啟動資料庫服務
2.1 檢視啟動工具(sys_ctl)幫助資訊
[kingbase@node1 ~]$ sys_ctl --help
sys_ctl is a utility to initialize, start, stop, or control a Kingbase server.
Usage:
sys_ctl start [-D DATADIR] [-l FILENAME] [-W] [-t SECS] [-s]
[-o OPTIONS] [-p PATH] [-c]
sys_ctl stop [-D DATADIR] [-m SHUTDOWN-MODE] [-W] [-t SECS] [-s]
sys_ctl restart [-D DATADIR] [-m SHUTDOWN-MODE] [-W] [-t SECS] [-s]
[-o OPTIONS] [-c]
sys_ctl reload [-D DATADIR] [-s]
sys_ctl status [-D DATADIR]
sys_ctl promote [-D DATADIR] [-W] [-t SECS] [-s]
sys_ctl logrotate [-D DATADIR] [-s]
sys_ctl kill SIGNALNAME PID
Common options:
-D, --kingbase-data=DATADIR location of the database storage area
-s, --silent only print errors, no informational messages
-t, --timeout=SECS seconds to wait when using -w option
-V, --version output version information, then exit
-w, --wait wait until operation completes (default)
-W, --no-wait do not wait until operation completes
-?, --help show this help, then exit
If the -D option is omitted, the environment variable KINGBASE_DATA is used.
Options for start or restart:
-c, --core-files allow kingbase to produce core files
-l, --log=FILENAME write (or append) server log to FILENAME
-o, --options=OPTIONS command line options to pass to kingbase
(Kingbase server executable) or initdb
-p PATH-TO-KINGBASE normally not necessary
Options for stop or restart:
-m, --mode=MODE MODE can be "smart", "fast", or "immediate"
Shutdown modes are:
smart quit after all clients have disconnected
fast quit directly, with proper shutdown (default)
immediate quit without complete shutdown; will lead to recovery on restart
Allowed signal names for kill:
ABRT HUP INT KILL QUIT TERM USR1 USR2
Report bugs to <[email protected]>.
2.2 啟動資料庫服務
2.2.1 啟動資料庫服務
[kingbase@node1 data]$ sys_ctl start -D /data/kingbase/v8r6_021/data
waiting for server to start....2021-03-01 14:16:55.069 CST [26141] LOG: sepapower extension initialized
2021-03-01 14:16:55.130 CST [26141] LOG: starting KingbaseES V008R006C004B0021 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-46), 64-bit
2021-03-01 14:16:55.130 CST [26141] LOG: listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 54321
2021-03-01 14:16:55.130 CST [26141] LOG: listening on IPv6 address "::", port 54321
2021-03-01 14:16:55.290 CST [26141] LOG: listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.KINGBASE.54321"
2021-03-01 14:16:55.457 CST [26141] LOG: redirecting log output to logging collector process
2021-03-01 14:16:55.457 CST [26141] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "sys_log".
done
server started
2.2.2 檢視資料庫服務程序
[kingbase@node1 data]$ ps -ef |grep kingbase
/opt/Kingbase/ES/V8R6_021/Server/bin/kingbase -D /data/kingbase/v8r6_021/data
kingbase 26142 26141 0 14:16 ? 00:00:00 kingbase: logger
kingbase 26144 26141 0 14:16 ? 00:00:00 kingbase: checkpointer
kingbase 26145 26141 0 14:16 ? 00:00:00 kingbase: background writer
kingbase 26146 26141 0 14:16 ? 00:00:00 kingbase: walwriter
kingbase 26147 26141 0 14:16 ? 00:00:00 kingbase: autovacuum launcher
kingbase 26148 26141 0 14:16 ? 00:00:00 kingbase: stats collector
kingbase 26149 26141 0 14:16 ? 00:00:00 kingbase: ksh writer
kingbase 26150 26141 0 14:16 ? 00:00:00 kingbase: ksh collector
kingbase 26151 26141 0 14:16 ? 00:00:00 kingbase: kwr collector
kingbase 26152 26141 0 14:16 ? 00:00:00 kingbase: logical replication launcher
2.2.3 檢視資料庫服務埠狀態
[kingbase@node1 data]$ netstat -an |grep :54321
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:54321 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp6 0 0 :::54321 :::* LISTEN
===從資料庫服務程序狀態及埠狀態可知，資料庫服務啟動成功！===
三、連線資料庫服務訪問
3.1 資料庫連線工具(ksql)幫助資訊
[kingbase@node1 data]$ ksql --help
ksql is the Kingbase interactive terminal.
Usage:
ksql [OPTION]... [DBNAME [USERNAME]]
General options:
-c, --command=COMMAND run only single command (SQL or internal) and exit
-d, --dbname=DBNAME database name to connect to (default: "kingbase")
-f, --file=FILENAME execute commands from file, then exit
-l, --list list available databases, then exit
-v, --set=, --variable=NAME=VALUE
set ksql variable NAME to VALUE
(e.g., -v ON_ERROR_STOP=1)
-V, --version output version information, then exit
-X, --no-ksqlrc do not read startup file (~/.ksqlrc)
-1 ("one"), --single-transaction
execute as a single transaction (if non-interactive)
-?, --help[=options] show this help, then exit
--help=commands list backslash commands, then exit
--help=variables list special variables, then exit
Input and output options:
-a, --echo-all echo all input from script
-b, --echo-errors echo failed commands
-e, --echo-queries echo commands sent to server
-E, --echo-hidden display queries that internal commands generate
-L, --log-file=FILENAME send session log to file
-n, --no-readline disable enhanced command line editing (readline)
-o, --output=FILENAME send query results to file (or |pipe)
-q, --quiet run quietly (no messages, only query output)
-s, --single-step single-step mode (confirm each query)
-S, --single-line single-line mode (end of line terminates SQL command)
Output format options:
-A, --no-align unaligned table output mode
--csv CSV (Comma-Separated Values) table output mode
-F, --field-separator=STRING
field separator for unaligned output (default: "|")
-H, --html HTML table output mode
-P, --pset=VAR[=ARG] set printing option VAR to ARG (see \pset command)
-R, --record-separator=STRING
record separator for unaligned output (default: newline)
-t, --tuples-only print rows only
-T, --table-attr=TEXT set HTML table tag attributes (e.g., width, border)
-x, --expanded turn on expanded table output
-z, --field-separator-zero
set field separator for unaligned output to zero byte
-0, --record-separator-zero
set record separator for unaligned output to zero byte
Connection options:
-h, --host=HOSTNAME database server host or socket directory (default: "local socket")
-p, --port=PORT database server port (default: "54321")
-U, --username=USERNAME database user name (default: "kingbase")
-w, --no-password never prompt for password
-W, --password force password prompt (should happen automatically)
For more information, type "\?" (for internal commands) or "\help" (for SQL
commands) from within ksql, or consult the ksql section in the Kingbase
documentation.
Report bugs to <[email protected]>.
3.2 連線資料庫
[kingbase@node1 data]$ ksql -U system test
ksql (V8.0)
Type "help" for help.
test=# \l
List of databases
Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges
-----------+--------+----------+-------------+-------------+-------------------
security | system | UTF8 | zh_CN.UTF-8 | zh_CN.UTF-8 |
template0 | system | UTF8 | zh_CN.UTF-8 | zh_CN.UTF-8 | =c/system +
| | | | | system=CTc/system
template1 | system | UTF8 | zh_CN.UTF-8 | zh_CN.UTF-8 | =c/system +
| | | | | system=CTc/system
test | system | UTF8 | zh_CN.UTF-8 | zh_CN.UTF-8 |
(4 rows)
3.3 建立測試資料
test=# create database prod;
CREATE DATABASE
test=# \c prod
You are now connected to database "prod" as user "system".
prod=# create table t1 (id int ,name varchar(10));
CREATE TABLE
prod=# insert into t1 values (10,'tom'),(20,'jerry');
INSERT 0 2
prod=# \d t1
Table "public.t1"
Column | Type | Collation | Nullable | Default
--------+----------------------------+-----------+----------+---------
id | integer | | |
name | character varying(10 char) | | |
prod=# select * from t1;
id | name
----+-------
10 | tom
20 | jerry
(2 rows)
四、總結
KingbaseES資料庫服務啟動比較簡單，對於Linux系統可以通過sys_ctl工具啟動資料庫服務；對於Windows環境可以通過Windows服務啟動，也可以通過Command介面通過sys_ctl啟動。
參考文件：
《[安裝與升級]基於Linux系統的資料庫軟體安裝指南（單機版）》
KINGBASE研究院