KVM建立橋接網路虛擬機器
阿新 • • 發佈：2021-11-06
安裝
安裝工具包，虛擬IO裝置、管理虛擬機器等工具 yum install qemu-kvm qemu-kvm-tools libvirt libvirt-client virt-manager virt-install systemctl status libvirtd.service 預設為NAT模式 [root@17 ~]# ifconfig virbr0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 192.168.122.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.122.255 ether 52:54:00:c1:c3:56 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 22 bytes 1968 (1.9 KiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 3 bytes 726 (726.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 [root@17 ~]# iptables -t nat -nvL Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 22 packets, 3410 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 15 packets, 3038 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 10 packets, 973 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 10 packets, 973 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 RETURN all -- * * 192.168.122.0/24 224.0.0.0/24 0 0 RETURN all -- * * 192.168.122.0/24 255.255.255.255 0 0 MASQUERADE tcp -- * * 192.168.122.0/24 !192.168.122.0/24 masq ports: 1024-65535 0 0 MASQUERADE udp -- * * 192.168.122.0/24 !192.168.122.0/24 masq ports: 1024-65535 0 0 MASQUERADE all -- * * 192.168.122.0/24 !192.168.122.0/24 查詢地址 可通過修改/etc/libvirt/qemu/networks/default.xml，修改該地址 [root@17 ~]# grep -R 192.168.122.1 /etc/libvirt/ /etc/libvirt/qemu/networks/autostart/default.xml: <ip address='192.168.122.1' netmask='255.255.255.0'> /etc/libvirt/qemu/networks/default.xml: <ip address='192.168.122.1' netmask='255.255.255.0'> [root@17 ~]# ll /etc/libvirt/qemu/networks/autostart/default.xml lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Nov 2 06:28 /etc/libvirt/qemu/networks/autostart/default.xml -> ../default.xml
配置橋接網路
[root@17 ~]# ll /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-*0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 143 Nov 2 21:03 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 253 Nov 2 21:04 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 註釋或刪除eth0配置檔案的IP地址相關配置 [root@17 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 TYPE=Ethernet PROXY_METHOD=none BROWSER_ONLY=no BOOTPROTO=static DEFROUTE=yes NAME=eth0 UUID=b1a0546d-7f62-4c44-8c12-1d06441d8b8d DEVICE=eth0 ONBOOT=yes BRIDGE=br0 #IPADDR=10.0.0.17 #PREFIX=24 #GATEWAY=10.0.0.254 #DNS1=233.5.5.5 #DNS2=114.114.114.114 新建網橋br0，配置檔案如下 [root@17 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0 TYPE=Bridge BOOTPROTO=static NAME=br0 DEVICE=br0 ONBOOT=yes IPADDR=10.0.0.17 PREFIX=24 GATEWAY=10.0.0.254 DNS1=233.5.5.5 DNS2=114.114.114.114 systemct restart network [root@17 ~]# ifconfig br0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 10.0.0.17 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 10.0.0.255 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe6b:740f prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> ether 00:0c:29:6b:74:0f txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 23 bytes 1388 (1.3 KiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 21 bytes 1818 (1.7 KiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 vnet0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet6 fe80::fc54:ff:fed6:99df prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> ether fe:54:00:d6:99:df txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 28 bytes 3428 (3.3 KiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 2191 bytes 115582 (112.8 KiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 [root@17 ~]# brctl show bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces br0 8000.000c296b740f no eth0 virbr0 8000.525400c1c356 yes virbr0-nic vnet0
建立虛擬機器
建立qcow2格式磁碟（類似精簡置備） [root@17 ~]# qemu-img create -f qcow2 /var/lib/libvirt/images/n50.qcow2 10G Formatting '/var/lib/libvirt/images/n50.qcow2', fmt=qcow2 size=10737418240 encryption=off cluster_size=65536 lazy_refcounts=off 建立虛擬機器橋接模式虛擬機器（上傳映象到/data/ISOs目錄下） [root@17 ~]#virt-install --virt-type kvm --name centos7_n50 --ram 1024 --vcpus 2 --cdrom=/data/ISOs/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-2009.iso --disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/n50.qcow2 --network bridge=br0 --graphics vnc,listen=0.0.0.0 --noautoconsole --autostart 圖形化安裝 [root@17 ~]# virt-manager  
檢視並啟動啟動虛擬機器
[root@17 ~]# virsh list --all
Id Name State
----------------------------------------------------
3 centos7_n50_br running
- centos7_n50 shut off
[root@17 ~]# virsh start centos7_n50_br
Domain centos7_n50_br started
[root@17 ~]# ps aux | grep kvm
root 525 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 22:15 0:00 [kvm-irqfd-clean]
qemu 3541 32.3 10.2 1718428 394800 ? Sl 23:51 0:38 /usr/libexec/qemu-kvm -name centos7_n50_br -S -machine pc-i440fx-rhel7.0.0,accel=kvm,usb=off,dump-guest-core=off -cpu Broadwell-IBRS,+md-clear,+ssbd,-hle,-rtm,+spec-ctrl -m 1024 -realtime mlock=off -smp 2,sockets=2,cores=1,threads=1 -uuid 3ea1dc74-086e-46ab-8a43-adc6b4f2dde0 -no-user-config -nodefaults -chardev socket,id=charmonitor,path=/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/domain-3-centos7_n50_br/monitor.sock,server,nowait -mon chardev=charmonitor,id=monitor,mode=control -rtc base=utc,driftfix=slew -global kvm-pit.lost_tick_policy=delay -no-hpet -no-shutdown -global PIIX4_PM.disable_s3=1 -global PIIX4_PM.disable_s4=1 -boot strict=on -device ich9-usb-ehci1,id=usb,bus=pci.0,addr=0x4.0x7 -device ich9-usb-uhci1,masterbus=usb.0,firstport=0,bus=pci.0,multifunction=on,addr=0x4 -device ich9-usb-uhci2,masterbus=usb.0,firstport=2,bus=pci.0,addr=0x4.0x1 -device ich9-usb-uhci3,masterbus=usb.0,firstport=4,bus=pci.0,addr=0x4.0x2 -drive file=/var/lib/libvirt/images/n50.qcow2,format=qcow2,if=none,id=drive-ide0-0-0 -device ide-hd,bus=ide.0,unit=0,drive=drive-ide0-0-0,id=ide0-0-0,bootindex=1 -drive if=none,id=drive-ide0-0-1,readonly=on -device ide-cd,bus=ide.0,unit=1,drive=drive-ide0-0-1,id=ide0-0-1 -netdev tap,fd=27,id=hostnet0 -device rtl8139,netdev=hostnet0,id=net0,mac=52:54:00:46:49:db,bus=pci.0,addr=0x3 -chardev pty,id=charserial0 -device isa-serial,chardev=charserial0,id=serial0 -vnc 0.0.0.0:0 -vga cirrus -device virtio-balloon-pci,id=balloon0,bus=pci.0,addr=0x5 -msg timestamp=on
root 3562 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 23:51 0:00 [kvm-nx-lpage-re]
root 3567 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 23:51 0:00 [kvm-pit/3541]
root 3594 0.0 0.0 112812 964 pts/1 S+ 23:53 0:00 grep --color=auto kvm