使用 SSL 加密的 JDBC 連線 SAP HANA 資料庫
近期客戶為滿足安全要求,提了讓業務應用使用 SSL 方式連線 SAP HANA 資料庫的需求。本人查詢 SAP官方文件 發現數據庫支援 SSL 連線,有引數直接加到 JDBC 的 URL 後邊就行了,為了便於驗證寫了個 JDBC 的 demo,在此處記錄一二。
準備工作
JdbcTest.java
import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.DriverManager; import java.sql.SQLException; import java.util.Properties; public class JdbcTest { public static Connection getConnection() throws FileNotFoundException, IOException { Connection conn = null; Properties prop = new Properties(); try { InputStream in = JdbcTest.class.getResourceAsStream("jdbc.properties"); prop.load(in); Class.forName(prop.getProperty("jdbcDriver")); //@formatter:off conn = (Connection) DriverManager.getConnection( prop.getProperty("jdbcUrl"), prop.getProperty("username"), prop.getProperty("password")); //@formatter:on } catch (ClassNotFoundException | SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return conn; } public static void releaseConnection(Connection conn) { try { if (conn != null) { conn.close(); System.out.println("Connection has closed"); } } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException { Connection conn = getConnection(); if (conn != null) System.out.println("Connection has establish"); releaseConnection(conn); } }
jdbc.properties
jdbcDriver=com.sap.db.jdbc.Driver
jdbcUrl=jdbc:sap://10.2.42.15:30015/?databaseName=Q15&encrypt=true&trustStore=/deployments/SSL/jssecacerts&trustStorePassword=changeit
username=test
password=ABCabc123
InstallCert.java
/* * Copyright 2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * * - Neither the name of Sun Microsystems nor the names of its * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived * from this software without specific prior written permission. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS * IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, * THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. */ /** * Originally from: * http://blogs.sun.com/andreas/resource/InstallCert.java * Use: * java InstallCert hostname * Example: *% java InstallCert ecc.fedora.redhat.com */ import javax.net.ssl.*; import java.io.*; import java.security.KeyStore; import java.security.MessageDigest; import java.security.cert.CertificateException; import java.security.cert.X509Certificate; /** * Class used to add the server's certificate to the KeyStore * with your trusted certificates. */ public class InstallCert { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { String host; int port; char[] passphrase; if ((args.length == 1) || (args.length == 2)) { String[] c = args[0].split(":"); host = c[0]; port = (c.length == 1) ? 443 : Integer.parseInt(c[1]); String p = (args.length == 1) ? "changeit" : args[1]; passphrase = p.toCharArray(); } else { System.out.println("Usage: java InstallCert <host>[:port] [passphrase]"); return; } File file = new File("jssecacerts"); if (file.isFile() == false) { char SEP = File.separatorChar; File dir = new File(System.getProperty("java.home") + SEP + "lib" + SEP + "security"); file = new File(dir, "jssecacerts"); if (file.isFile() == false) { file = new File(dir, "cacerts"); } } System.out.println("Loading KeyStore " + file + "..."); InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file); KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType()); ks.load(in, passphrase); in.close(); SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS"); TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm()); tmf.init(ks); X509TrustManager defaultTrustManager = (X509TrustManager) tmf.getTrustManagers()[0]; SavingTrustManager tm = new SavingTrustManager(defaultTrustManager); context.init(null, new TrustManager[]{tm}, null); SSLSocketFactory factory = context.getSocketFactory(); System.out.println("Opening connection to " + host + ":" + port + "..."); SSLSocket socket = (SSLSocket) factory.createSocket(host, port); socket.setSoTimeout(10000); try { System.out.println("Starting SSL handshake..."); socket.startHandshake(); socket.close(); System.out.println(); System.out.println("No errors, certificate is already trusted"); } catch (SSLException e) { System.out.println(); e.printStackTrace(System.out); } X509Certificate[] chain = tm.chain; if (chain == null) { System.out.println("Could not obtain server certificate chain"); return; } BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); System.out.println(); System.out.println("Server sent " + chain.length + " certificate(s):"); System.out.println(); MessageDigest sha1 = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1"); MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5"); for (int i = 0; i < chain.length; i++) { X509Certificate cert = chain[i]; System.out.println (" " + (i + 1) + " Subject " + cert.getSubjectDN()); System.out.println(" Issuer " + cert.getIssuerDN()); sha1.update(cert.getEncoded()); System.out.println(" sha1 " + toHexString(sha1.digest())); md5.update(cert.getEncoded()); System.out.println(" md5 " + toHexString(md5.digest())); System.out.println(); } System.out.println("Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or 'q' to quit: [1]"); String line = reader.readLine().trim(); int k; try { k = (line.length() == 0) ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(line) - 1; } catch (NumberFormatException e) { System.out.println("KeyStore not changed"); return; } X509Certificate cert = chain[k]; String alias = host + "-" + (k + 1); ks.setCertificateEntry(alias, cert); OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("jssecacerts"); ks.store(out, passphrase); out.close(); System.out.println(); System.out.println(cert); System.out.println(); System.out.println ("Added certificate to keystore 'jssecacerts' using alias '" + alias + "'"); } private static final char[] HEXDIGITS = "0123456789abcdef".toCharArray(); private static String toHexString(byte[] bytes) { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(bytes.length * 3); for (int b : bytes) { b &= 0xff; sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b >> 4]); sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b & 15]); sb.append(' '); } return sb.toString(); } private static class SavingTrustManager implements X509TrustManager { private final X509TrustManager tm; private X509Certificate[] chain; SavingTrustManager(X509TrustManager tm) { this.tm = tm; } public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() { /** * This change has been done due to the following resolution advised for Java 1.7+ http://infposs.blogspot.kr/2013/06/installcert-and-java-7.html **/ return new X509Certificate[0]; //throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); } public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException { throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); } public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException { this.chain = chain; tm.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType); } } }
將這三個檔案和 ngdbc-2.4.70.jar 上傳到伺服器目錄 /deployments/SSL
,執行編譯命令:
cd /deployments/SSL
javac JdbcTest.java
javac InstallCert.java
此時目錄中會有三個class檔案(有個內部類):
$ ls InstallCert.class InstallCert$SavingTrustManager.class JdbcTest.class ngdbc-2.4.70.jar InstallCert.java jdbc.properties JdbcTest.java
匯入證書
執行 java InstallCert <域名 或 IP>[:埠號]
,根據提示輸入 1
匯入證書,公鑰證書檔案是從資料庫端返回的,會被工具類轉換成 Java 程式能識別的證書格式(JKS),輸出證書到當前目錄下的 jssecacerts
,後邊要做的就是在 JDBC 連線地址上新增這個證書的絕對位置,使用證書加密連線資料庫。
SAP 技術支援人員提供的證書有問題,hostname 與 證書裡簽得不一樣,導致他們給的 cer 證書匯入系統後報錯如下:
Caused by: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
引起這個報錯的原因不大好定位,使用
InstallCert.java
匯入證書時會很清晰地提示證書有問題,而且也不需要額外上傳 cer 證書 再執行 keytool 匯入證書命令。
驗證連線
修改 jdbc.properties
,執行 java -cp ".:ngdbc-2.4.70.jar" JdbcTest
,當出現如下輸出而不是報錯即連線測試通過。
$ java JdbcTest
Connection has closed
Connection has establish