Linux Virsh 控制虛擬機器
阿新 • • 發佈：2021-11-22
virsh 命令對虛擬的控制
Virsh 命令對虛擬機器操作
參考文件
- https://www.cnblogs.com/potato-chip/p/10484917.html
- https://www.cnblogs.com/longchang/p/12300129.html
virsh define 建立虛擬機器
1. 首先需要建立一個稀疏映象
# 校驗映象是否正確 qemu-img check 映象名 # 建立一個qcow2的稀疏檔案虛擬磁碟檔案，就是說剛創建出來的檔案並沒有8G，它會隨著資料的增多慢慢增加，直到80G; qemu-img create -f qcow2 -b /path/name.qcow2 -o backing_fmt=qcow2 /path/new_name.qcow2 80G # 引數說明: # -f： 指定映象格式， # -o：指定選項 # /root/kvm.qcow2 表示指定建立的虛擬磁碟路徑 # 80G指定磁碟大小; # backing_fmt, 設定後端映象的映象格式
2. 建立一個 xml 檔案
- 參考文章
- https://www.cnblogs.com/mrwuzs/p/8037058.html
- https://blog.csdn.net/qq_15437629/article/details/77827033
Python 生成一個 uuid 作為虛擬機器的 uuid
import uuid
# 基於時間戳生成一個 uuid
def get_uuid():
instance = uuid.uuid1()
return instance
<domain type='kvm'> <name>generic</name> <uuid>f3a9ac9b-32fc-4fe0-bb63-8a970db3b50d</uuid> <memory unit='KiB'>10485760</memory> <currentMemory unit='KiB'>10485760</currentMemory> <vcpu placement='static'>8</vcpu> <os> <type arch='x86_64' machine='pc-i440fx-rhel7.0.0'>hvm</type> <boot dev='hd'/> </os> <features> <acpi/> <apic/> </features> <cpu mode='custom' match='exact' check='partial'> <model fallback='allow'>Broadwell</model> </cpu> <clock offset='utc'> <timer name='rtc' tickpolicy='catchup'/> <timer name='pit' tickpolicy='delay'/> <timer name='hpet' present='no'/> </clock> <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff> <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot> <on_crash>destroy</on_crash> <pm> <suspend-to-mem enabled='no'/> <suspend-to-disk enabled='no'/> </pm> <devices> <emulator>/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm</emulator> <disk type='file' device='disk'> <driver name='qemu' type='qcow2'/> <source file='/var/lib/libvirt/images/generic.qcow2'/> <target dev='hda' bus='ide'/> <address type='drive' controller='0' bus='0' target='0' unit='0'/> </disk> <disk type='file' device='cdrom'> <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/> <target dev='hdb' bus='ide'/> <readonly/> <address type='drive' controller='0' bus='0' target='0' unit='1'/> </disk> <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-ehci1'> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x7'/> </controller> <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci1'> <master startport='0'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x0' multifunction='on'/> </controller> <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci2'> <master startport='2'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x1'/> </controller> <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci3'> <master startport='4'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x2'/> </controller> <controller type='pci' index='0' model='pci-root'/> <controller type='ide' index='0'> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x1'/> </controller> <controller type='virtio-serial' index='0'> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x06' function='0x0'/> </controller> <interface type='network'> <mac address='52:54:00:29:5b:67'/> <source network='default'/> <model type='rtl8139'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/> </interface> <serial type='pty'> <target type='isa-serial' port='0'> <model name='isa-serial'/> </target> </serial> <console type='pty'> <target type='serial' port='0'/> </console> <channel type='spicevmc'> <target type='virtio' name='com.redhat.spice.0'/> <address type='virtio-serial' controller='0' bus='0' port='1'/> </channel> <input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/> <input type='keyboard' bus='ps2'/> <graphics type='spice' autoport='yes'> <listen type='address'/> <image compression='off'/> </graphics> <sound model='ich6'> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0'/> </sound> <video> <model type='qxl' ram='65536' vram='65536' vgamem='16384' heads='1' primary='yes'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x0'/> </video> <redirdev bus='usb' type='spicevmc'> <address type='usb' bus='0' port='1'/> </redirdev> <redirdev bus='usb' type='spicevmc'> <address type='usb' bus='0' port='2'/> </redirdev> <memballoon model='virtio'> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x07' function='0x0'/> </memballoon> </devices> </domain>
3. 建立虛擬機器
virsh define ./instance_xml_name.xml
virsh 其他操作
- 刪除虛擬機器
# 先關機 在刪除
virsh destroy 虛擬機器名稱
virsh undefine 虛擬機器名稱
- 關閉虛擬機器
virsh shutdown 虛擬機器名稱
- 強制關閉虛擬機器
virsh destory 虛擬機器名稱
virsh 虛擬機器快照
- 建立虛擬機器快照
virsh snapshot-create-as 虛擬機器名稱 快照名稱
# domain 是指虛擬機器的名字
# snapshot-name 是指快照的名字
- 檢視快照列表和詳情資訊
virsh snapshot-list 虛擬機器名稱 快照名稱
- 恢復快照
virsh snapshot-revert 虛擬機器名稱 快照名稱
- 刪除快照
virsh snapshot-delete 虛擬機器名稱 快照名稱
virsh lv卷：作為虛擬機器後端儲存
檢視虛擬機器的虛擬磁碟
$ virsh domblklist <虛擬機器名稱>
掛載一個 LV 作為虛擬機器硬碟
$ virsh attach-disk instance_name /dev/vg_name/lv_name vde --driver qemu
$ virsh <虛擬機器名字> <掛載的lv> <lv 所在的硬碟>
--derver <裝置驅動 qemu>
--mode <掛載的型別> # --mode shareable
OPTIONS
[--domain] <string> domain name, id or uuid
[--source] <string> source of disk device
[--target] <string> target of disk device 一般為vdb，vdc...
--driver <string> driver of disk device
--mode <string> mode of device reading and writing
--subdriver 映象檔案的格式
解除安裝一塊虛擬磁碟
# 解除安裝某一臺虛擬機器上的虛擬磁碟
$ virsh detach-device <虛擬機器名稱> <target:一般為 sdb sdbc>
#
$ virsh domlblist <虛擬機器名稱>