linux目錄結構知識
阿新 • • 發佈：2021-12-11
1、新加的硬碟
2、建立物理卷
可以先分割槽，這裡不分割槽直接建立
[root@centos_8 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb Physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created. [root@centos_8 ~]# pvs PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree /dev/sdb lvm2 --- 30.00g 30.00g [root@centos_8 ~]# pvdisplay "/dev/sdb" is a new physical volume of "30.00 GiB" --- NEW Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sdb VG Name PV Size 30.00 GiB Allocatable NO PE Size 0 Total PE 0 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID FueQYl-RVG4-ch3n-778X-3eJH-Y8EN-oqgPwV
3、建立卷組
[root@centos_8 ~]# vgcreate vg0 /dev/sdb #給卷組取名為vg0 Volume group "vg0" successfully created [root@centos_8 ~]# vgs VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree vg0 1 0 0 wz--n- <30.00g <30.00g [root@centos_8 ~]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name vg0 System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 1 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 0 Open LV 0 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size <30.00 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 7679 #總共有7679個pe Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0 Free PE / Size 7679 / <30.00 GiB VG UUID 365Wfi-TJjO-wcdV-u2N7-eC70-GbFE-7BA1EN
4、建立邏輯卷
[root@centos_8 ~]# lvcreate -L 10G -n xzcdc vg0 Logical volume "xzcdc" created. [root@centos_8 ~]# lvs LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert xzcdc vg0 -wi-a----- 10.00g [root@centos_8 ~]# lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/vg0/xzcdc LV Name xzcdc VG Name vg0 LV UUID 45Mkh7-w7Pu-bdbw-a4mU-kEch-BG2J-IEUjCH LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time centos_8, 2021-12-15 18:53:51 +0800 LV Status available # open 0 LV Size 10.00 GiB Current LE 2560 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 8192 Block device 253:0 #從卷組裡面分配了10G個，還剩下20G #可以格式化為ext系列或者是xfs系列，這裡為xfs系列 [root@centos_8 ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/vg0/xzcdc meta-data=/dev/vg0/xzcdc isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=655360 blks = sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1 = crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0 data = bsize=4096 blocks=2621440, imaxpct=25 = sunit=0 swidth=0 blks naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1 log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2 = sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1 realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0 #臨時掛載，如果要永久掛載，就寫進配置檔案，vim /etc/fstab [root@centos_8 ~]# blkid /dev/sda1: UUID="c460341d-392d-4193-9c17-96c43ae6cb05" TYPE="xfs" /dev/sda2: UUID="a85d2def-fb6f-40f1-8756-3a01b08eef94" TYPE="xfs" /dev/sda3: UUID="9ea797d7-3515-45d3-a5ee-e3a4fa62fbdb" TYPE="xfs" /dev/sda5: UUID="ae83937a-7b78-4357-820c-e092d9c0ca2e" TYPE="swap" /dev/sr0: UUID="2018-05-07-12-53-47-00" LABEL="CentOS 7 x86_64" TYPE="iso9660" PTTYPE="dos" /dev/sdb: UUID="FueQYl-RVG4-ch3n-778X-3eJH-Y8EN-oqgPwV" TYPE="LVM2_member" /dev/mapper/vg0-xzcdc: UUID="d19b9403-10ed-442f-b24f-4b0876554b14" TYPE="xfs" [root@centos_8 ~]# mkdir /mnt/xzcdc [root@centos_8 ~]# mount /dev/vg0/xzcdc /mnt/xzcdc/ [root@centos_8 ~]# df Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/sda2 20961280 3635556 17325724 18% / devtmpfs 805608 0 805608 0% /dev tmpfs 821536 0 821536 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 821536 10436 811100 2% /run tmpfs 821536 0 821536 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda3 5232640 32948 5199692 1% /data /dev/sda1 15718400 158004 15560396 2% /boot tmpfs 164308 12 164296 1% /run/user/42 tmpfs 164308 0 164308 0% /run/user/0 /dev/mapper/vg0-xzcdc 10475520 32944 10442576 1% /mnt/xzcdc
5、現在邏輯卷有10G了，擴容到13G，
#給邏輯卷擴容的前提，卷組裡面必要有多餘的空間，
[root@centos_8 ~]# lvextend -L +3G /dev/vg0/xzcdc
Size of logical volume vg0/xzcdc changed from 10.00 GiB (2560 extents) to 13.00 GiB (3328 extents).
Logical volume vg0/xzcdc successfully resized.
[root@centos_8 ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
xzcdc vg0 -wi-ao---- 13.00g
#注意事項，擴充套件過後記憶體沒有上去，因為沒有格式化系統。
# 如果是ext系列：resize2fs /dev/vg0/xzcdc
#如果是xfs系列：xfs_growfs /dev/vg0/ xzcdc
#相容ext和xfs系列：lvextend -r -l +2000 /dev/vg0/xzcdc6、新增一塊硬碟，新增到已有邏輯捲進行擴容
1、檢視新增加了硬碟
[root@centos_8 ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 100G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 15G 0 part /boot
├─sda2 8:2 0 20G 0 part /
├─sda3 8:3 0 5G 0 part /data
├─sda4 8:4 0 1K 0 part
└─sda5 8:5 0 20G 0 part [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 0 30G 0 disk
└─vg0-xzcdc 253:0 0 13G 0 lvm
sdc 8:32 0 20G 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 8.8G 0 rom
2、建立pv
[root@centos_8 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdc
Physical volume "/dev/sdc" successfully created.
[root@centos_8 ~]# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sdb vg0 lvm2 a-- <30.00g <17.00g
/dev/sdc lvm2 --- 20.00g 20.00g
3、把新建立的pv加入到vg中
[root@centos_8 ~]# vgextend vg0 /dev/sdc
Volume group "vg0" successfully extended
[root@centos_8 ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
vg0 2 1 0 wz--n- 49.99g 36.99g
#現在整個vg0就變大了，由兩個pv組成
4、把新增的分割槽擴容至邏輯卷
root@centos_8 ~]# lvextend -L +20G /dev/vg0/xzcdc
Size of logical volume vg0/xzcdc changed from 13.00 GiB (3328 extents) to 33.00 GiB (8448 extents).
Logical volume vg0/xzcdc successfully resized.
[root@centos_8 ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
xzcdc vg0 -wi-a----- 33.00g
[root@centos_8 ~]# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/vg0/xzcdc
LV Name xzcdc
VG Name vg0
LV UUID 45Mkh7-w7Pu-bdbw-a4mU-kEch-BG2J-IEUjCH
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time centos_8, 2021-12-15 18:53:51 +0800
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 33.00 GiB
Current LE 8448
Segments 2
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:0
[root@centos_8 ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
vg0 2 1 0 wz--n- 49.99g 16.99g
#整個lv擁有33G空間，而vg還剩下16.99G
7、刪除lv，pv，vg
1、刪除lv
[root@centos_8 ~]# lvremove /dev/vg0/xzcdc
Do you really want to remove active logical volume vg0/xzcdc? [y/n]: y
Logical volume "xzcdc" successfully removed
[root@centos_8 ~]# lvs
#刪除lv是可以直接刪除的，但是刪除vg和pv的話，必須要先刪除vg在刪除pv
[root@centos_8 ~]# vgremove vg0
Volume group "vg0" successfully removed
[root@centos_8 ~]# vgs
[root@centos_8 ~]# pvremove /dev/sdb
Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully wiped.
[root@centos_8 ~]# pvremove /dev/sdc
Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdc" successfully wiped.
[root@centos_8 ~]# pvs