Java搭建RabbitMq訊息中介軟體過程詳解
阿新 • • 發佈：2020-01-07
這篇文章主要介紹了Java搭建RabbitMq訊息中介軟體過程詳解,文中通過示例程式碼介紹的非常詳細，對大家的學習或者工作具有一定的參考學習價值,需要的朋友可以參考下
前言
當系統中出現“生產“和“消費“的速度或穩定性等因素不一致的時候，就需要訊息佇列。
名詞
- exchange： 交換機
- routingkey： 路由key
- queue：佇列
控制檯埠：15672
exchange和queue是需要繫結在一起的，然後訊息傳送到exchange再由exchange通過routingkey傳送到對應的佇列中。
使用場景
1.技能訂單3分鐘自動取消，改變狀態
2.直播開始前15分鐘提醒
3.直播狀態自動結束
流程
生產者傳送訊息 —> order_pre_exchange交換機 —> order_per_ttl_delay_queue佇列
—> 時間到期 —> order_delay_exchange交換機 —> order_delay_process_queue佇列 —> 消費者
第一步：在pom檔案中新增
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId> </dependency>
第二步：在application.properties檔案中新增
spring.rabbitmq.host=172.xx.xx.xxx spring.rabbitmq.port=5672 spring.rabbitmq.username=rabbit spring.rabbitmq.password=123456 spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/ spring.rabbitmq.connection-timeout=15000 spring.rabbitmq.publisher-confirms=true spring.rabbitmq.publisher-returns=true spring.rabbitmq.template.mandatory=true
第三步：配置 OrderQueueConfig
package com.tuohang.platform.config;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.DirectExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.QueueBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.MessageListenerAdapter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
/**
* rabbitMQ的佇列設定（生產者傳送的訊息，永遠是先進入exchange，再通過路由，轉發到佇列）
*
*
* @author Administrator
* @version 1.0
* @Date 2018年9月18日
*/
@Configuration
public class OrderQueueConfig {
/**
* 訂單緩衝交換機名稱
*/
public final static String ORDER_PRE_EXCHANGE_NAME = "order_pre_exchange";
/**
* 傳送到該佇列的message會在一段時間後過期進入到order_delay_process_queue 【佇列裡所有的message都有統一的失效時間】
*/
public final static String ORDER_PRE_TTL_DELAY_QUEUE_NAME = "order_pre_ttl_delay_queue";
/**
* 訂單的交換機DLX 名字
*/
final static String ORDER_DELAY_EXCHANGE_NAME = "order_delay_exchange";
/**
* 訂單message時間過期後進入的佇列，也就是訂單實際的消費佇列
*/
public final static String ORDER_DELAY_PROCESS_QUEUE_NAME = "order_delay_process_queue";
/**
* 訂單在緩衝佇列過期時間（毫秒）30分鐘
*/
public final static int ORDER_QUEUE_EXPIRATION = 1800000;
/**
* 訂單緩衝交換機
*
* @return
*/
@Bean
public DirectExchange preOrderExange() {
return new DirectExchange(ORDER_PRE_EXCHANGE_NAME);
}
/**
* 建立order_per_ttl_delay_queue佇列，訂單訊息經過緩衝交換機，會進入該佇列
*
* @return
*/
@Bean
public Queue delayQueuePerOrderTTLQueue() {
return QueueBuilder.durable(ORDER_PRE_TTL_DELAY_QUEUE_NAME)
.withArgument("x-dead-letter-exchange",ORDER_DELAY_EXCHANGE_NAME) // DLX
.withArgument("x-dead-letter-routing-key",ORDER_DELAY_PROCESS_QUEUE_NAME) // dead letter攜帶的routing key
.withArgument("x-message-ttl",ORDER_QUEUE_EXPIRATION) // 設定訂單佇列的過期時間
.build();
}
/**
* 將order_pre_exchange繫結到order_pre_ttl_delay_queue佇列
*
* @param delayQueuePerOrderTTLQueue
* @param preOrderExange
* @return
*/
@Bean
public Binding queueOrderTTLBinding(Queue delayQueuePerOrderTTLQueue,DirectExchange preOrderExange) {
return BindingBuilder.bind(delayQueuePerOrderTTLQueue).to(preOrderExange).with(ORDER_PRE_TTL_DELAY_QUEUE_NAME);
}
/**
* 建立訂單的DLX exchange
*
* @return
*/
@Bean
public DirectExchange delayOrderExchange() {
return new DirectExchange(ORDER_DELAY_EXCHANGE_NAME);
}
/**
* 建立order_delay_process_queue佇列，也就是訂單實際消費佇列
*
* @return
*/
@Bean
public Queue delayProcessOrderQueue() {
return QueueBuilder.durable(ORDER_DELAY_PROCESS_QUEUE_NAME).build();
}
/**
* 將DLX繫結到實際消費佇列
*
* @param delayProcessOrderQueue
* @param delayExchange
* @return
*/
@Bean
public Binding dlxOrderBinding(Queue delayProcessOrderQueue,DirectExchange delayOrderExchange) {
return BindingBuilder.bind(delayProcessOrderQueue).to(delayOrderExchange).with(ORDER_DELAY_PROCESS_QUEUE_NAME);
}
/**
* 監聽訂單實際消費者佇列order_delay_process_queue
*
* @param connectionFactory
* @param processReceiver
* @return
*/
@Bean
public SimpleMessageListenerContainer orderProcessContainer(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory,OrderProcessReceiver processReceiver) {
SimpleMessageListenerContainer container = new SimpleMessageListenerContainer();
container.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
container.setQueueNames(ORDER_DELAY_PROCESS_QUEUE_NAME); // 監聽order_delay_process_queue
container.setMessageListener(new MessageListenerAdapter(processReceiver));
return container;
}
}
消費者 OrderProcessReceiver ：
package com.tuohang.platform.config;
import java.util.Objects;
import org.apache.tools.ant.types.resources.selectors.Date;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.ChannelAwareMessageListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
/**
* 訂單延遲處理消費者
*
*
* @author Administrator
* @version 1.0
* @Date 2018年9月18日
*/
@Component
public class OrderProcessReceiver implements ChannelAwareMessageListener {
private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(OrderProcessReceiver.class);
String msg = "The failed message will auto retry after a certain delay";
@Override
public void onMessage(Message message,Channel channel) throws Exception {
try {
processMessage(message);
} catch (Exception e) {
// 如果發生了異常，則將該訊息重定向到緩衝佇列，會在一定延遲之後自動重做
channel.basicPublish(OrderQueueConfig.ORDER_PRE_EXCHANGE_NAME,OrderQueueConfig.ORDER_PRE_TTL_DELAY_QUEUE_NAME,null,msg.getBytes());
}
}
/**
* 處理訂單訊息，如果訂單未支付，取消訂單（如果當訊息內容為FAIL_MESSAGE的話，則需要丟擲異常）
*
* @param message
* @throws Exception
*/
public void processMessage(Message message) throws Exception {
String realMessage = new String(message.getBody());
logger.info("Received <" + realMessage + ">");
// 取消訂單
if(!Objects.equals(realMessage,msg)) {
// SpringKit.getBean(ITestService.class).resetSexById(Long.valueOf(realMessage));
System.out.println("測試111111-----------"+new Date());
System.out.println(message);
}
}
}
或者
/**
* 測試 rabbit 消費者
*
*
* @author Administrator
* @version 1.0
* @Date 2018年9月25日
*/
@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = TestQueueConfig.TEST_DELAY_PROCESS_QUEUE_NAME)
public class TestProcessReceiver {
private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestProcessReceiver.class);
String msg = "The failed message will auto retry after a certain delay";
@RabbitHandler
public void onMessage(Message message,Channel channel) throws Exception {
try {
processMessage(message);
//告訴伺服器收到這條訊息 已經被我消費了 可以在佇列刪掉；否則訊息伺服器以為這條訊息沒處理掉 後續還會在發
channel.basicAck(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(),false);
} catch (Exception e) {
// 如果發生了異常，則將該訊息重定向到緩衝佇列，會在一定延遲之後自動重做
channel.basicPublish(TestQueueConfig.TEST_PRE_EXCHANGE_NAME,TestQueueConfig.TEST_PRE_TTL_DELAY_QUEUE_NAME,msg.getBytes());
}
}
/**
* 處理訂單訊息，如果訂單未支付，取消訂單（如果當訊息內容為FAIL_MESSAGE的話，則需要丟擲異常）
*
* @param message
* @throws Exception
*/
public void processMessage(Message message) throws Exception {
String realMessage = new String(message.getBody());
logger.info("Received < " + realMessage + " >");
// 取消訂單
if(!Objects.equals(realMessage,msg)) {
System.out.println("測試111111-----------"+new Date());
}else {
System.out.println("rabbit else...");
}
}
}
生產者
/**
* 測試rabbitmq
*
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/testrab")
public String testraa() {
GenericResult gr = null;
try {
String name = "test_pre_ttl_delay_queue";
long expiration = 10000;//10s 過期時間
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(name,String.valueOf(123456));
// 在單個訊息上設定過期時間
//rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(name,(Object)String.valueOf(123456),new ExpirationMessagePostProcessor(expiration));
} catch (ServiceException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
gr = new GenericResult(StateCode.ERROR,languageMap.get("network_error"),e.getMessage());
}
return getWrite(gr);
}
以上就是本文的全部內容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支援我們。