Linux getent 命令手冊
阿新 • • 發佈:2022-02-15
簡介
Linux getent命令用來檢視系統的資料庫中的相關記錄。
即使這些資料庫不是在本地,比如ldap或者nis中的資料庫, 也可以使用getent察看。長選項的強制或可選引數對對應的短選項也是強制或可選的。
一般語法
getent database [key ...]
getent會在上面資料庫中產找key對應的value
[root@my-test-host ~]# getent --help 用法: getent [選項...] 資料庫 [鍵 ...] Get entries from administrative database. -i, --no-idn disable IDN encoding -s, --service=CONFIG 要使用的服務配置 -?, --help 給出該系統求助列表 --usage 給出簡要的用法資訊 -V, --version 列印程式版本號 長選項的強制或可選引數對對應的短選項也是強制或可選的。 支援的資料庫: ahosts ahostsv4 ahostsv6 aliases ethers group gshadow hosts initgroups netgroup networks passwd protocols rpc services shadow For bug reporting instructions, please see: <http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/bugs.html>.
[root@my-test-host ~]# getent --usage
用法: getent [-i?V] [-s CONFIG] [--no-idn] [--service=CONFIG] [--help]
[--usage] [--version] 資料庫 [鍵 ...]
參考例項
從hosts庫中得到my-test-host的IP資訊:
[root@my-test-host ~]# getent hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 10.200.62.14 my-test-host [root@my-test-host ~]# getent hosts ito [root@my-test-host ~]# getent hosts my-test-host 10.100.10.10 my-test-host
從passwd庫中得到賬號zabbix資訊:
[root@my-test-host ~]# getent passwd zabbix
zabbix:x:1001:1001::/home/zabbix:/bin/bash
從services中獲取22、10050埠資訊:
[root@my-test-host ~]# getent services 22
ssh 22/tcp
[root@my-test-host ~]# getent services 10050
zabbix-agent 10050/tcp
普通使用者netstat -tlnp
無法看到非自己的程序名,這時getent命令非常有用
man page
GETENT(1) User Commands GETENT(1)
NAME
getent - get entries from Name Service Switch libraries
SYNOPSIS
getent database [key ...]
DESCRIPTION
The getent command displays entries from databases supported by the Name Service
Switch libraries, which are configured in /etc/nsswitch.conf. If one or more key
arguments are provided, then only the entries that match the supplied keys will
be displayed. Otherwise, if no key is provided, all entries will be displayed
(unless the database does not support enumeration).
The database may be any of those supported by the GNU C Library, listed below:
ahosts When no key is provided, use sethostent(3), gethostent(3), and end‐
hostent(3) to enumerate the hosts database. This is identical to
using hosts. When one or more key arguments are provided, pass each
key in succession to getaddrinfo(3) with the address family
AF_UNSPEC, enumerating each socket address structure returned.
ahostsv4 Same as ahosts, but use the address family AF_INET.
ahostsv6 Same as ahosts, but use the address family AF_INET6. The call to
getaddrinfo(3) in this case includes the AI_V4MAPPED flag.
aliases When no key is provided, use setaliasent(3), getaliasent(3), and
endaliasent(3) to enumerate the aliases database. When one or more
key arguments are provided, pass each key in succession to getalias‐
byname(3) and display the result.
ethers When one or more key arguments are provided, pass each key in suc‐
cession to ether_aton(3) and ether_hostton(3) until a result is
obtained, and display the result. Enumeration is not supported on
ethers, so a key must be provided.
group When no key is provided, use setgrent(3), getgrent(3), and end‐
grent(3) to enumerate the group database. When one or more key
arguments are provided, pass each numeric key to getgrgid(3) and
each nonnumeric key to getgrnam(3) and display the result.
gshadow When no key is provided, use setsgent(3), getsgent(3), and ends‐
gent(3) to enumerate the gshadow database. When one or more key
arguments are provided, pass each key in succession to getsgnam(3)
and display the result.
hosts When no key is provided, use sethostent(3), gethostent(3), and end‐
hostent(3) to enumerate the hosts database. When one or more key
arguments are provided, pass each key to gethostbyaddr(3) or geth‐
ostbyname2(3), depending on whether a call to inet_pton(3) indicates
that the key is an IPv6 or IPv4 address or not, and display the
result.
initgroups
When one or more key arguments are provided, pass each key in suc‐
cession to getgrouplist(3) and display the result. Enumeration is
not supported on initgroups, so a key must be provided.
netgroup When one key is provided, pass the key to setnetgrent(3) and, using
getnetgrent(3) display the resulting string triple (hostname, user‐
name, domainname). Alternatively, three keys may be provided, which
are interpreted as the hostname, username and domainname to match to
a netgroup name via innetgr(3). Enumeration is not supported on
netgroup, so either one or three keys must be provided.
networks When no key is provided, use setnetent(3), getnetent(3), and endne‐
tent(3) to enumerate the networks database. When one or more key
arguments are provided, pass each numeric key to getnetbyaddr(3) and
each nonnumeric key to getnetbyname(3) and display the result.
passwd When no key is provided, use setpwent(3), getpwent(3), and endp‐
went(3) to enumerate the passwd database. When one or more key
arguments are provided, pass each numeric key to getpwuid(3) and
each nonnumeric key to getpwnam(3) and display the result.
protocols When no key is provided, use setprotoent(3), getprotoent(3), and
endprotoent(3) to enumerate the protocols database. When one or
more key arguments are provided, pass each numeric key to getproto‐
bynumber(3) and each nonnumeric key to getprotobyname(3) and display
the result.
rpc When no key is provided, use setrpcent(3), getrpcent(3), and endrp‐
cent(3) to enumerate the rpc database. When one or more key argu‐
ments are provided, pass each numeric key to getrpcbynumber(3) and
each nonnumeric key to getrpcbyname(3) and display the result.
services When no key is provided, use setservent(3), getservent(3), and end‐
servent(3) to enumerate the services database. When one or more key
arguments are provided, pass each numeric key to getservbynumber(3)
and each nonnumeric key to getservbyname(3) and display the result.
shadow When no key is provided, use setspent(3), getspent(3), and end‐
spent(3) to enumerate the shadow database. When one or more key
arguments are provided, pass each key in succession to getspnam(3)
and display the result.
EXIT STATUS
One of the following exit values can be returned by getent:
0 Command completed successfully.
1 Missing arguments, or database unknown.
2 One or more supplied key could not be found in the database.
3 Enumeration not supported on this database.
SEE ALSO
nsswitch.conf(5)
COLOPHON
This page is part of release 3.53 of the Linux man-pages project. A description
of the project, and information about reporting bugs, can be found at
http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.
Linux 2013-03-15 GETENT(1)
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